Remote Radio Frequency Sensing Based on 5G New Radio Positioning Reference Signals
In this paper, the idea of a radar based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is applied to 5G NR Positioning Reference Signals (PRS). This study demonstrates how the estimation of the communication channel using the PRS can be applied for the identification of objects moving near th...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/2/337 |
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| author | Marcin Bednarz Tomasz P. Zielinski |
| author_facet | Marcin Bednarz Tomasz P. Zielinski |
| author_sort | Marcin Bednarz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this paper, the idea of a radar based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is applied to 5G NR Positioning Reference Signals (PRS). This study demonstrates how the estimation of the communication channel using the PRS can be applied for the identification of objects moving near the 5G NR receiver. In this context, this refers to a 5G NR base station capable of detecting a high-speed train (HST). The anatomy of a 5G NR frame as a sequence of OFDM symbols is presented, and different PRS configurations are described. It is shown that spectral analysis of time-varying channel impulse response weights, estimated with the help of PRS pilots, can be used for the detection of transmitted signal reflections from moving vehicles and the calculation of their time and frequency/Doppler shifts. Different PRS configurations with varying time and frequency reference signal densities are tested in simulations. The peak-to-noise-floor ratio (PNFR) of the calculated radar range–velocity maps (RVM) is used for quantitative comparison of PRS-based radar scenarios. Additionally, different echo signal strengths are simulated while also checking various observation window lengths (FFT lengths). This study proves the practicality of using PRS pilots in remote sensing; however, it shows that the most dense configurations do not provide notable improvements, while also demanding considerably more resources. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f16902636c304e98842acb0a97501efb |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj-art-f16902636c304e98842acb0a97501efb2025-01-24T13:48:33ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202025-01-0125233710.3390/s25020337Remote Radio Frequency Sensing Based on 5G New Radio Positioning Reference SignalsMarcin Bednarz0Tomasz P. Zielinski1Institute of Telecommunications, AGH University of Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, PolandInstitute of Telecommunications, AGH University of Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, PolandIn this paper, the idea of a radar based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is applied to 5G NR Positioning Reference Signals (PRS). This study demonstrates how the estimation of the communication channel using the PRS can be applied for the identification of objects moving near the 5G NR receiver. In this context, this refers to a 5G NR base station capable of detecting a high-speed train (HST). The anatomy of a 5G NR frame as a sequence of OFDM symbols is presented, and different PRS configurations are described. It is shown that spectral analysis of time-varying channel impulse response weights, estimated with the help of PRS pilots, can be used for the detection of transmitted signal reflections from moving vehicles and the calculation of their time and frequency/Doppler shifts. Different PRS configurations with varying time and frequency reference signal densities are tested in simulations. The peak-to-noise-floor ratio (PNFR) of the calculated radar range–velocity maps (RVM) is used for quantitative comparison of PRS-based radar scenarios. Additionally, different echo signal strengths are simulated while also checking various observation window lengths (FFT lengths). This study proves the practicality of using PRS pilots in remote sensing; however, it shows that the most dense configurations do not provide notable improvements, while also demanding considerably more resources.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/2/337integrated sensing and communication (ISAC)5G NRpositioning reference signals (PRS)channel impulse response (CIR)remote sensingmoving vehicle detection |
| spellingShingle | Marcin Bednarz Tomasz P. Zielinski Remote Radio Frequency Sensing Based on 5G New Radio Positioning Reference Signals Sensors integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) 5G NR positioning reference signals (PRS) channel impulse response (CIR) remote sensing moving vehicle detection |
| title | Remote Radio Frequency Sensing Based on 5G New Radio Positioning Reference Signals |
| title_full | Remote Radio Frequency Sensing Based on 5G New Radio Positioning Reference Signals |
| title_fullStr | Remote Radio Frequency Sensing Based on 5G New Radio Positioning Reference Signals |
| title_full_unstemmed | Remote Radio Frequency Sensing Based on 5G New Radio Positioning Reference Signals |
| title_short | Remote Radio Frequency Sensing Based on 5G New Radio Positioning Reference Signals |
| title_sort | remote radio frequency sensing based on 5g new radio positioning reference signals |
| topic | integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) 5G NR positioning reference signals (PRS) channel impulse response (CIR) remote sensing moving vehicle detection |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/2/337 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT marcinbednarz remoteradiofrequencysensingbasedon5gnewradiopositioningreferencesignals AT tomaszpzielinski remoteradiofrequencysensingbasedon5gnewradiopositioningreferencesignals |