MHC-I pathway disruption by viruses: insights into immune evasion and vaccine design for animals
Among various pathogens, viruses pose significant threats to the livestock and poultry industry, resulting in substantial annual costs due to production losses and vaccination. The MHC-I presentation pathway is a crucial surveillance mechanism for preventing viral infections. Consequently, many viru...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1540159/full |
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| author | Yanan Wu Yanan Wu Yanan Wu Zhuoya Sun Zhuoya Sun Zhuoya Sun Lu Xia Lu Xia Panpan Tian Panpan Tian Panpan Tian Liuyang Jiao Liuyang Jiao Liuyang Jiao Yanze Li Yanze Li Yanze Li Zhanyong Wei Zhanyong Wei Zhanyong Wei Xuannian Wang Xuannian Wang Xuannian Wang Xiaoying Li Gaiping Zhang Gaiping Zhang Gaiping Zhang Gaiping Zhang Gaiping Zhang |
| author_facet | Yanan Wu Yanan Wu Yanan Wu Zhuoya Sun Zhuoya Sun Zhuoya Sun Lu Xia Lu Xia Panpan Tian Panpan Tian Panpan Tian Liuyang Jiao Liuyang Jiao Liuyang Jiao Yanze Li Yanze Li Yanze Li Zhanyong Wei Zhanyong Wei Zhanyong Wei Xuannian Wang Xuannian Wang Xuannian Wang Xiaoying Li Gaiping Zhang Gaiping Zhang Gaiping Zhang Gaiping Zhang Gaiping Zhang |
| author_sort | Yanan Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Among various pathogens, viruses pose significant threats to the livestock and poultry industry, resulting in substantial annual costs due to production losses and vaccination. The MHC-I presentation pathway is a crucial surveillance mechanism for preventing viral infections. Consequently, many viruses have evolved sophisticated strategies to inhibit the presentation of viral peptides by MHC-I to CD8+ T-cells, thereby evading the immune system. Understanding the mechanisms that suppress the MHC-I pathway and identifying specific binding peptides are essential for comprehending viral immune evasion and developing effective animal vaccines. This review summarizes the viral strategies for evading immune recognition, including the inhibition of MHC-I molecules synthesis, degradation, transport, and assembly, which affect MHC-I surface expression during viral infections. We also present evidence that MHC-I surface expression is frequently lost during numerous viral infections in livestock and poultry and offer new insights into the underlying mechanisms through which viruses inactivate the MHC-I antigen presentation pathway. Collectively, these advanced findings on viral evasion from the MHC-I pathway could inform the development of more effectives strategies to restore immunological control over viral infections and improve vaccines for the livestock and poultry industry. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f142e37aff9a46a596ddd6f96e2e677b |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-f142e37aff9a46a596ddd6f96e2e677b2025-08-20T02:27:19ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242025-05-011610.3389/fimmu.2025.15401591540159MHC-I pathway disruption by viruses: insights into immune evasion and vaccine design for animalsYanan Wu0Yanan Wu1Yanan Wu2Zhuoya Sun3Zhuoya Sun4Zhuoya Sun5Lu Xia6Lu Xia7Panpan Tian8Panpan Tian9Panpan Tian10Liuyang Jiao11Liuyang Jiao12Liuyang Jiao13Yanze Li14Yanze Li15Yanze Li16Zhanyong Wei17Zhanyong Wei18Zhanyong Wei19Xuannian Wang20Xuannian Wang21Xuannian Wang22Xiaoying Li23Gaiping Zhang24Gaiping Zhang25Gaiping Zhang26Gaiping Zhang27Gaiping Zhang28College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, ChinaInternational Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, ChinaMinistry of Education Key Laboratory for Animal Pathogens and Biosafety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, ChinaInternational Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, ChinaMinistry of Education Key Laboratory for Animal Pathogens and Biosafety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, ChinaMinistry of Education Key Laboratory for Animal Pathogens and Biosafety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, ChinaInternational Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, ChinaMinistry of Education Key Laboratory for Animal Pathogens and Biosafety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, ChinaInternational Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, ChinaMinistry of Education Key Laboratory for Animal Pathogens and Biosafety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, ChinaInternational Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, ChinaMinistry of Education Key Laboratory for Animal Pathogens and Biosafety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, ChinaInternational Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, ChinaMinistry of Education Key Laboratory for Animal Pathogens and Biosafety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, ChinaInternational Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, ChinaLonghu Laboratory of Advanced Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, ChinaInternational Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, ChinaMinistry of Education Key Laboratory for Animal Pathogens and Biosafety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, ChinaLonghu Laboratory of Advanced Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaSchool of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, ChinaAmong various pathogens, viruses pose significant threats to the livestock and poultry industry, resulting in substantial annual costs due to production losses and vaccination. The MHC-I presentation pathway is a crucial surveillance mechanism for preventing viral infections. Consequently, many viruses have evolved sophisticated strategies to inhibit the presentation of viral peptides by MHC-I to CD8+ T-cells, thereby evading the immune system. Understanding the mechanisms that suppress the MHC-I pathway and identifying specific binding peptides are essential for comprehending viral immune evasion and developing effective animal vaccines. This review summarizes the viral strategies for evading immune recognition, including the inhibition of MHC-I molecules synthesis, degradation, transport, and assembly, which affect MHC-I surface expression during viral infections. We also present evidence that MHC-I surface expression is frequently lost during numerous viral infections in livestock and poultry and offer new insights into the underlying mechanisms through which viruses inactivate the MHC-I antigen presentation pathway. Collectively, these advanced findings on viral evasion from the MHC-I pathway could inform the development of more effectives strategies to restore immunological control over viral infections and improve vaccines for the livestock and poultry industry.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1540159/fullMHC-Iadaptive immune responsesimmune evasionMHC-I assemblyMHC-I transportMHC-I expression |
| spellingShingle | Yanan Wu Yanan Wu Yanan Wu Zhuoya Sun Zhuoya Sun Zhuoya Sun Lu Xia Lu Xia Panpan Tian Panpan Tian Panpan Tian Liuyang Jiao Liuyang Jiao Liuyang Jiao Yanze Li Yanze Li Yanze Li Zhanyong Wei Zhanyong Wei Zhanyong Wei Xuannian Wang Xuannian Wang Xuannian Wang Xiaoying Li Gaiping Zhang Gaiping Zhang Gaiping Zhang Gaiping Zhang Gaiping Zhang MHC-I pathway disruption by viruses: insights into immune evasion and vaccine design for animals Frontiers in Immunology MHC-I adaptive immune responses immune evasion MHC-I assembly MHC-I transport MHC-I expression |
| title | MHC-I pathway disruption by viruses: insights into immune evasion and vaccine design for animals |
| title_full | MHC-I pathway disruption by viruses: insights into immune evasion and vaccine design for animals |
| title_fullStr | MHC-I pathway disruption by viruses: insights into immune evasion and vaccine design for animals |
| title_full_unstemmed | MHC-I pathway disruption by viruses: insights into immune evasion and vaccine design for animals |
| title_short | MHC-I pathway disruption by viruses: insights into immune evasion and vaccine design for animals |
| title_sort | mhc i pathway disruption by viruses insights into immune evasion and vaccine design for animals |
| topic | MHC-I adaptive immune responses immune evasion MHC-I assembly MHC-I transport MHC-I expression |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1540159/full |
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