Carbapenemases producing gram-negative bacteria surveillance in Latin America and the caribbean: a retrospective observational study from 2015 to 2020Research in context

Carbapenemases producing gram-negative bacteria surveillance in Latin America and the caribbean: a retrospective observational study from 2015 to 2020Research in context

Summary: Background: The rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria represents a public health threat, with carbapenem resistance exacerbating this challenge. This study investigates carbapenemase-producing bacteria (CPB) across the Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region. Methods: A retrospec...

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Main Authors: Marcelo Pillonetto, Priscila Lamb Wink, Roberto G. Melano, María Antonieta Jiménez-Pearson, Nancy Lorena Melgarejo Touchet, Sandra Yamile Saavedra Rojas, Debora N.O. Kulek, Andre Luiz Abreu, Renata Tigulini Peral, Rogerio Miorando, Hatim Sati, Genara Romero Thomas, Marcelo Galas, Pilar Ramon Pardo, Carlos R.V. Kiffer, Ana Paula D'Alincourt Carvalho Assef, Marinonio Ana Sílvia Scavacini, Costa-Nobre Daniela Testoni, Gonçalves Geiziane Aparecida, Jesus Ronaldo de, Rezende Thais F. T, Hormazabal Juan Carlos, Araya Pamela, Ovalle María Victoria, Duarte Carolina, Álvarez Tábata Elizondo, Hernández Priscilla Baltodano, Illnait María Teresa, Quiñones Dianelys, Salazar Carolina Satan, Román Karla, Grande Miguel, Boza Maria Luna, Herrera Andrés, Herrera Carmen Julia Mazariegos, Acuña Julissa Maria Avila, Lira Lissette Carolina Sandoval, Busignani Sofía, Brítez Mariel, Gavilan Ronnie, Flores-Leon Diana, Lopez Mariana, Caiata Leticia, Palmar Kerlin Vanessa Marcano, Noguera Carmen Isaura Ugarte, Torrico Elizabeth, Copa Helen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-09-01
Series:The Lancet Regional Health. Americas
Subjects:
Multidrug-resistant bacteria
Carbapenemases
Latin America
Antimicrobial resistance
Public health challenge
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667193X25001954
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Summary:Summary: Background: The rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria represents a public health threat, with carbapenem resistance exacerbating this challenge. This study investigates carbapenemase-producing bacteria (CPB) across the Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted across 12 LAC countries from 2015 to 2020. A total of 58,909 isolates were analyzed utilizing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect key carbapenemases in Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii complex (ABC). Findings: 47,804/58,909 (81.14%) carbapenemases were identified, with Brazil accounting for 73% of these. The majority were reported in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales–CRE (65.33%; 31,230/47,804), followed by carbapenem-resistant ABC-CRAB (22.05%; 10,542/47,804), and carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa–CRPA (6050/47,804; 12.66%). Among CRE, blaKPC was the most detected gene (78.67%; 24,569/31,230), with Klebsiella pneumoniae being the most commonly associated species (75.9%). A relevant upward trend in blaNDM was observed. CRPA exhibited diverse profiles, with blaVIM (47.64%) being the most common. In CRAB, blaOXA-23 was found in 88.80% (9361/10,542) of isolates. Carbapenemase co-production was detected in 2.60% (1190/47,804) of isolates, with CRPA blaIMP + blaVIM being the most frequent. Interpretation: This study highlights a high prevalence of CPB in LAC, with a stable trend in blaKPC but a rising trend in blaNDM. These findings underscore the urgent need for strengthened surveillance and public health interventions to combat carbapenemase-mediated resistance in the region. Funding: None.
ISSN:2667-193X

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