Preferred Distance in Human–Drone Interaction
In two augmented-reality experiments, we transferred the paradigm of interpersonal distance regulation to human–drone interaction. In the first experiment, we used a simple spherical drone model and explored how both hovering height and approach angle affect the preferred distance. Drone height abov...
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MDPI AG
2024-10-01
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| Series: | Vision |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5150/8/4/59 |
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| author | Elisabeth Maria Wögerbauer Christoph von Castell Robin Welsch Heiko Hecht |
| author_facet | Elisabeth Maria Wögerbauer Christoph von Castell Robin Welsch Heiko Hecht |
| author_sort | Elisabeth Maria Wögerbauer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In two augmented-reality experiments, we transferred the paradigm of interpersonal distance regulation to human–drone interaction. In the first experiment, we used a simple spherical drone model and explored how both hovering height and approach angle affect the preferred distance. Drone height above the ground had a strong effect. The preferred distance to the drone was larger than that typically found toward human actors, in particular, when the drone trajectory was very high. In the second experiment, we sought to gain a deeper understanding of the factors that may influence this effect. In addition to the simple spherical drone model used in the first experiment, we also varied its appearance and attachment to the ground. Surprisingly, anthropomorphic features increased preferred distances. We, therefore, discuss the extent to which social aspects and subjectively perceived danger influence the preferred distance for interaction with drones, which thus need to be considered in the design of human–drone interaction. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-efefc55089924bf8aae78c19ee9ed2a8 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2411-5150 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vision |
| spelling | doaj-art-efefc55089924bf8aae78c19ee9ed2a82025-08-20T02:43:49ZengMDPI AGVision2411-51502024-10-01845910.3390/vision8040059Preferred Distance in Human–Drone InteractionElisabeth Maria Wögerbauer0Christoph von Castell1Robin Welsch2Heiko Hecht3Department of Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55122 Mainz, GermanyDepartment of Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55122 Mainz, GermanyDepartment of Computer Science, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, FinlandDepartment of Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55122 Mainz, GermanyIn two augmented-reality experiments, we transferred the paradigm of interpersonal distance regulation to human–drone interaction. In the first experiment, we used a simple spherical drone model and explored how both hovering height and approach angle affect the preferred distance. Drone height above the ground had a strong effect. The preferred distance to the drone was larger than that typically found toward human actors, in particular, when the drone trajectory was very high. In the second experiment, we sought to gain a deeper understanding of the factors that may influence this effect. In addition to the simple spherical drone model used in the first experiment, we also varied its appearance and attachment to the ground. Surprisingly, anthropomorphic features increased preferred distances. We, therefore, discuss the extent to which social aspects and subjectively perceived danger influence the preferred distance for interaction with drones, which thus need to be considered in the design of human–drone interaction.https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5150/8/4/59human–drone interactioninterpersonal distancedrone appearancepersonal spaceproxemics |
| spellingShingle | Elisabeth Maria Wögerbauer Christoph von Castell Robin Welsch Heiko Hecht Preferred Distance in Human–Drone Interaction Vision human–drone interaction interpersonal distance drone appearance personal space proxemics |
| title | Preferred Distance in Human–Drone Interaction |
| title_full | Preferred Distance in Human–Drone Interaction |
| title_fullStr | Preferred Distance in Human–Drone Interaction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Preferred Distance in Human–Drone Interaction |
| title_short | Preferred Distance in Human–Drone Interaction |
| title_sort | preferred distance in human drone interaction |
| topic | human–drone interaction interpersonal distance drone appearance personal space proxemics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5150/8/4/59 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT elisabethmariawogerbauer preferreddistanceinhumandroneinteraction AT christophvoncastell preferreddistanceinhumandroneinteraction AT robinwelsch preferreddistanceinhumandroneinteraction AT heikohecht preferreddistanceinhumandroneinteraction |