New Mitochondrial Genomes of Ithonidae (Neuroptera) and Higher Phylogenetic Implications
Ithonidae (moth lacewings) are an enigmatic, small family of the insect order Neuroptera (lacewings). Its phylogenetic position within Neuroptera and internal subfamily relationships remain unresolved. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of <i>Ithone fulva</i> T...
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MDPI AG
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Insects |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/15/12/933 |
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| author | Ruyue Zhang Yunlan Jiang Mina Zhong Shutong Wang Yuyu Wang |
| author_facet | Ruyue Zhang Yunlan Jiang Mina Zhong Shutong Wang Yuyu Wang |
| author_sort | Ruyue Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ithonidae (moth lacewings) are an enigmatic, small family of the insect order Neuroptera (lacewings). Its phylogenetic position within Neuroptera and internal subfamily relationships remain unresolved. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of <i>Ithone fulva</i> Tillyard, 1916 representing the first mitogenome of Ithoninae, as well as the complete mitogenome of <i>Rapisma gaoligongensis</i> Liu, Li and Yang, 2018, were newly reported. Molecular phylogenetic trees recovered Ithonidae as the sister group to Chrysopidae + Hemerobiidae. Ithoninae was demonstrated to be the sister group to Polystoechotinae + Rapismatinae across all topologies. Divergence time estimation revealed that Ithonidae originated during the Mid-Triassic. Ithoninae diverged from Polystoechotinae and Rapismatinae in the Late Triassic, while Polystoechotinae diverged from Rapismatinae in the Middle Jurassic. Moreover, more comprehensive samplings, as well as whole genome data, are needed to reconstruct a comprehensive framework of the phylogeny of Ithonidae, as well as Neuropteida. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-efdf6fa4d3f3424f932b0316eec86d33 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj-art-efdf6fa4d3f3424f932b0316eec86d332025-08-20T02:53:30ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502024-11-01151293310.3390/insects15120933New Mitochondrial Genomes of Ithonidae (Neuroptera) and Higher Phylogenetic ImplicationsRuyue Zhang0Yunlan Jiang1Mina Zhong2Shutong Wang3Yuyu Wang4College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, ChinaCollege of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, ChinaForest Pest Control and Quarantine Station of Xining City, Xining 810008, ChinaCollege of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, ChinaCollege of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, ChinaIthonidae (moth lacewings) are an enigmatic, small family of the insect order Neuroptera (lacewings). Its phylogenetic position within Neuroptera and internal subfamily relationships remain unresolved. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of <i>Ithone fulva</i> Tillyard, 1916 representing the first mitogenome of Ithoninae, as well as the complete mitogenome of <i>Rapisma gaoligongensis</i> Liu, Li and Yang, 2018, were newly reported. Molecular phylogenetic trees recovered Ithonidae as the sister group to Chrysopidae + Hemerobiidae. Ithoninae was demonstrated to be the sister group to Polystoechotinae + Rapismatinae across all topologies. Divergence time estimation revealed that Ithonidae originated during the Mid-Triassic. Ithoninae diverged from Polystoechotinae and Rapismatinae in the Late Triassic, while Polystoechotinae diverged from Rapismatinae in the Middle Jurassic. Moreover, more comprehensive samplings, as well as whole genome data, are needed to reconstruct a comprehensive framework of the phylogeny of Ithonidae, as well as Neuropteida.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/15/12/933mitochondrial genomeIthonidaephylogenetic relationships |
| spellingShingle | Ruyue Zhang Yunlan Jiang Mina Zhong Shutong Wang Yuyu Wang New Mitochondrial Genomes of Ithonidae (Neuroptera) and Higher Phylogenetic Implications Insects mitochondrial genome Ithonidae phylogenetic relationships |
| title | New Mitochondrial Genomes of Ithonidae (Neuroptera) and Higher Phylogenetic Implications |
| title_full | New Mitochondrial Genomes of Ithonidae (Neuroptera) and Higher Phylogenetic Implications |
| title_fullStr | New Mitochondrial Genomes of Ithonidae (Neuroptera) and Higher Phylogenetic Implications |
| title_full_unstemmed | New Mitochondrial Genomes of Ithonidae (Neuroptera) and Higher Phylogenetic Implications |
| title_short | New Mitochondrial Genomes of Ithonidae (Neuroptera) and Higher Phylogenetic Implications |
| title_sort | new mitochondrial genomes of ithonidae neuroptera and higher phylogenetic implications |
| topic | mitochondrial genome Ithonidae phylogenetic relationships |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/15/12/933 |
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