Differential Expression of LHR and FSHR in Canine Mammary Tumors: Correlation with Malignancy and Spay Status
Canine mammary tumors (CMTs) constitute one of the most prevalent malignancies in female canines, whereas the functional involvement of gonadotropin receptors—luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR)—in these neoplasms remains uncharacterized. This study in...
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2025-05-01
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| author | Yujue Li Siying Wang Jiaxuan Gao Xuerou Tu Shihui Yu Yang Liu Zhaoxia Zhang Yuan Cui Yougang Zhong |
| author_facet | Yujue Li Siying Wang Jiaxuan Gao Xuerou Tu Shihui Yu Yang Liu Zhaoxia Zhang Yuan Cui Yougang Zhong |
| author_sort | Yujue Li |
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| description | Canine mammary tumors (CMTs) constitute one of the most prevalent malignancies in female canines, whereas the functional involvement of gonadotropin receptors—luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR)—in these neoplasms remains uncharacterized. This study investigated LHR and FSHR expression in 79 CMTs and 14 normal mammary tissues collected from 59 female dogs (ethical approval AW82903202-2-3), using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative real-time PCR, specifically examining their association with tumor malignancy and spay status. Relative to normal mammary tissue, CMTs exhibited statistically significant downregulation of both LHR and FSHR transcripts and corresponding proteins (<i>p</i> < 0.01), with expression progressively decreasing as tumor malignancy increased, and with grade 3 tumors showing almost undetectable levels. Notably, spayed dogs displayed higher LHR levels in tumors (<i>p</i> < 0.05), whereas intact dogs showed higher FSHR levels than spayed dogs. These findings suggest that the expression of LHR and FSHR in CMTs may correlate with tumor malignancy and be influenced by the spay status. Our findings provide the first evidence of gonadotropin receptor dysregulation in CMTs, offering novel insights into their molecular mechanisms and potential applications in hormone-related diagnostic or therapeutic strategies. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2306-7381 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Veterinary Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-efc89be1fcaa43b8a5308c2fb2a246922025-08-20T03:47:57ZengMDPI AGVeterinary Sciences2306-73812025-05-0112549610.3390/vetsci12050496Differential Expression of LHR and FSHR in Canine Mammary Tumors: Correlation with Malignancy and Spay StatusYujue Li0Siying Wang1Jiaxuan Gao2Xuerou Tu3Shihui Yu4Yang Liu5Zhaoxia Zhang6Yuan Cui7Yougang Zhong8Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaClinical Laboratory Diagnostic Center, China Agricultural University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaClinical Laboratory Diagnostic Center, China Agricultural University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaClinical Laboratory Diagnostic Center, China Agricultural University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaClinical Laboratory Diagnostic Center, China Agricultural University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaClinical Laboratory Diagnostic Center, China Agricultural University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaCanine mammary tumors (CMTs) constitute one of the most prevalent malignancies in female canines, whereas the functional involvement of gonadotropin receptors—luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR)—in these neoplasms remains uncharacterized. This study investigated LHR and FSHR expression in 79 CMTs and 14 normal mammary tissues collected from 59 female dogs (ethical approval AW82903202-2-3), using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative real-time PCR, specifically examining their association with tumor malignancy and spay status. Relative to normal mammary tissue, CMTs exhibited statistically significant downregulation of both LHR and FSHR transcripts and corresponding proteins (<i>p</i> < 0.01), with expression progressively decreasing as tumor malignancy increased, and with grade 3 tumors showing almost undetectable levels. Notably, spayed dogs displayed higher LHR levels in tumors (<i>p</i> < 0.05), whereas intact dogs showed higher FSHR levels than spayed dogs. These findings suggest that the expression of LHR and FSHR in CMTs may correlate with tumor malignancy and be influenced by the spay status. Our findings provide the first evidence of gonadotropin receptor dysregulation in CMTs, offering novel insights into their molecular mechanisms and potential applications in hormone-related diagnostic or therapeutic strategies.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/12/5/496canine mammary tumorsluteinizing hormone receptorfollicle-stimulating hormone receptorspay statustumor malignancy |
| spellingShingle | Yujue Li Siying Wang Jiaxuan Gao Xuerou Tu Shihui Yu Yang Liu Zhaoxia Zhang Yuan Cui Yougang Zhong Differential Expression of LHR and FSHR in Canine Mammary Tumors: Correlation with Malignancy and Spay Status Veterinary Sciences canine mammary tumors luteinizing hormone receptor follicle-stimulating hormone receptor spay status tumor malignancy |
| title | Differential Expression of LHR and FSHR in Canine Mammary Tumors: Correlation with Malignancy and Spay Status |
| title_full | Differential Expression of LHR and FSHR in Canine Mammary Tumors: Correlation with Malignancy and Spay Status |
| title_fullStr | Differential Expression of LHR and FSHR in Canine Mammary Tumors: Correlation with Malignancy and Spay Status |
| title_full_unstemmed | Differential Expression of LHR and FSHR in Canine Mammary Tumors: Correlation with Malignancy and Spay Status |
| title_short | Differential Expression of LHR and FSHR in Canine Mammary Tumors: Correlation with Malignancy and Spay Status |
| title_sort | differential expression of lhr and fshr in canine mammary tumors correlation with malignancy and spay status |
| topic | canine mammary tumors luteinizing hormone receptor follicle-stimulating hormone receptor spay status tumor malignancy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/12/5/496 |
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