Dietary Approach in Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Introduction: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disorder that remains underdiagnosed and undertreated. It is characterized by high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), which leads to an increased cardiovascular disease risk. Pharmacotherapy of FH is based on high-dose...

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Main Authors: Joanna Popiolek-Kalisz, Klaudia Salamon, Michal Mazur, Klaudia Mikolajczyk, Grzegorz Kalisz
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Series:Cardiogenetics
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2035-8148/15/1/1
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author Joanna Popiolek-Kalisz
Klaudia Salamon
Michal Mazur
Klaudia Mikolajczyk
Grzegorz Kalisz
author_facet Joanna Popiolek-Kalisz
Klaudia Salamon
Michal Mazur
Klaudia Mikolajczyk
Grzegorz Kalisz
author_sort Joanna Popiolek-Kalisz
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disorder that remains underdiagnosed and undertreated. It is characterized by high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), which leads to an increased cardiovascular disease risk. Pharmacotherapy of FH is based on high-dose statin therapy, often combined with ezetimibe and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 inhibitors. The dietary approach is an important and supportive part of FH management. Methods: This review aimed to present the available evidence on dietary strategies in FH patients. The analyzed aspects included macronutrients such as fat and carbohydrate intake, as well as the role of dietary fiber, nutraceuticals (omega-3, beta-glucan, phytosterols, and red yeast fermented rice extract), and overall dietary models. Results and Conclusions: Based on the available data, the Mediterranean diet is a dietary model advised in cardiovascular prevention, including patients with FH. Regarding detailed recommendations, the current state of knowledge indicates dietary fat and saturated fatty acids intake limitation as an advised strategy. Supplementation of phytosterols and fiber can be also helpful in FH.
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issn 2035-8253
2035-8148
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
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series Cardiogenetics
spelling doaj-art-efa5851824604485b14561bbfae0953f2025-08-20T02:11:18ZengMDPI AGCardiogenetics2035-82532035-81482025-01-01151110.3390/cardiogenetics15010001Dietary Approach in Familial HypercholesterolemiaJoanna Popiolek-Kalisz0Klaudia Salamon1Michal Mazur2Klaudia Mikolajczyk3Grzegorz Kalisz4Clinical Dietetics Unit, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, PolandClinical Dietetics Unit, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, PolandClinical Dietetics Unit, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, PolandClinical Dietetics Unit, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Bioanalytics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, PolandIntroduction: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disorder that remains underdiagnosed and undertreated. It is characterized by high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), which leads to an increased cardiovascular disease risk. Pharmacotherapy of FH is based on high-dose statin therapy, often combined with ezetimibe and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 inhibitors. The dietary approach is an important and supportive part of FH management. Methods: This review aimed to present the available evidence on dietary strategies in FH patients. The analyzed aspects included macronutrients such as fat and carbohydrate intake, as well as the role of dietary fiber, nutraceuticals (omega-3, beta-glucan, phytosterols, and red yeast fermented rice extract), and overall dietary models. Results and Conclusions: Based on the available data, the Mediterranean diet is a dietary model advised in cardiovascular prevention, including patients with FH. Regarding detailed recommendations, the current state of knowledge indicates dietary fat and saturated fatty acids intake limitation as an advised strategy. Supplementation of phytosterols and fiber can be also helpful in FH.https://www.mdpi.com/2035-8148/15/1/1familial hypercholesterolemianutritiondietdyslipidemialipidsfiber
spellingShingle Joanna Popiolek-Kalisz
Klaudia Salamon
Michal Mazur
Klaudia Mikolajczyk
Grzegorz Kalisz
Dietary Approach in Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Cardiogenetics
familial hypercholesterolemia
nutrition
diet
dyslipidemia
lipids
fiber
title Dietary Approach in Familial Hypercholesterolemia
title_full Dietary Approach in Familial Hypercholesterolemia
title_fullStr Dietary Approach in Familial Hypercholesterolemia
title_full_unstemmed Dietary Approach in Familial Hypercholesterolemia
title_short Dietary Approach in Familial Hypercholesterolemia
title_sort dietary approach in familial hypercholesterolemia
topic familial hypercholesterolemia
nutrition
diet
dyslipidemia
lipids
fiber
url https://www.mdpi.com/2035-8148/15/1/1
work_keys_str_mv AT joannapopiolekkalisz dietaryapproachinfamilialhypercholesterolemia
AT klaudiasalamon dietaryapproachinfamilialhypercholesterolemia
AT michalmazur dietaryapproachinfamilialhypercholesterolemia
AT klaudiamikolajczyk dietaryapproachinfamilialhypercholesterolemia
AT grzegorzkalisz dietaryapproachinfamilialhypercholesterolemia