Trends and demographic differences in interpersonal violence against children in sub-Saharan Africa: findings from the 1990–2019 Global Burden of Disease Study
Objectives To analyse the past 30-year trends in mortality and morbidity of interpersonal violence against children, its demographic distribution and correlation with specific risk factors.Design Ecological study at the country and regional level.Setting 46 countries and 4 subregions of sub-Saharan...
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| author | Dan J Stein Berihun Assefa Dachew Manasi Kumar Shafiu Mohammed Andrew T Olagunju Jennifer Rickard Deborah Oyine Aluh Muktar Beshir Ahmed Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi Oluwafemi Atanda Adeagbo Soraya Seedat Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye Onome Bright Oghenetega Kedir Hussein Abegaz Lucie Laflamme Mathilde Sengoelge Michael Ekholuenetale Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe Richard Gyan Aboagye Migbar Mekonnen Sibhat Mustapha Immurana Jacques Lukenze Tamuzi Obasanjo Afolabi Bolarinwa Hubert Amu Robert Kokou Dowou Ashenafi Kibret Sendekie Gebisa Guyasa Kabito Sergio Nhassengo Malizgani Paul Chavula Yonatan Solomon Mesfin Gebrehiwot Ahmed Nuru Muhamed Amadou Barrow Mesfin Abebe Temesgen Mohammed Toma Osaretin Christabel Okonji Sergio Keita Nhassengo Yohannes Habtegiorgis Abate Olumide Abiodun Kenneth Setorwu Adde Abiola Victor Adepoju Timothy Olukunle Aladelusi Idowu Thomas Aruleba Getnet Melaku Ayele Hameed Akande Bashiru Berecha Hundessa Demessa Isaac Oluwafemi Dipeolu Temitope Cyrus Ekundayo Adewale Oluwaseun Fadaka Miglas Welay Gebregergis Teferi Gebru Gebremeskel Urge Gerema Ebisa Zerihun Gindaba Teklehaimanot Gereziher Haile Demisu Zenbaba Heyi Chidozie Declan Iwu Assefa N Iyasu Rebuma Sorsa Jeben Alelign Tasew Jema Charity Ehimwenma Joshua Kehinde Kazeem Kanmodi Molla Asnake Kebede Emmanuel Manu Tesfahun Mekene Meto Mathewos M Mekonnen Hadush Negash Meles Tadesse Misgana Mustapha Mohammed Ogochukwu Janet Nzoputam Isaac Iyinoluwa Olufadewa Gideon Olamilekan Oluwatunase Verner N Orish Afeez Abolarinwa Salami Elvis Enowbeyang Tarkang Edosa Geta Tesfaye Gta Aniefiok John Udoakang Abate Dargie Wubetu Mathilde J Sengoelge |
| author_facet | Dan J Stein Berihun Assefa Dachew Manasi Kumar Shafiu Mohammed Andrew T Olagunju Jennifer Rickard Deborah Oyine Aluh Muktar Beshir Ahmed Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi Oluwafemi Atanda Adeagbo Soraya Seedat Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye Onome Bright Oghenetega Kedir Hussein Abegaz Lucie Laflamme Mathilde Sengoelge Michael Ekholuenetale Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe Richard Gyan Aboagye Migbar Mekonnen Sibhat Mustapha Immurana Jacques Lukenze Tamuzi Obasanjo Afolabi Bolarinwa Hubert Amu Robert Kokou Dowou Ashenafi Kibret Sendekie Gebisa Guyasa Kabito Sergio Nhassengo Malizgani Paul Chavula Yonatan Solomon Mesfin Gebrehiwot Ahmed Nuru Muhamed Amadou Barrow Mesfin Abebe Temesgen Mohammed Toma Osaretin Christabel Okonji Sergio Keita Nhassengo Yohannes Habtegiorgis Abate Olumide Abiodun Kenneth Setorwu Adde Abiola Victor Adepoju Timothy Olukunle Aladelusi Idowu Thomas Aruleba Getnet Melaku Ayele Hameed Akande Bashiru Berecha Hundessa Demessa Isaac Oluwafemi Dipeolu Temitope Cyrus Ekundayo Adewale Oluwaseun Fadaka Miglas Welay Gebregergis Teferi Gebru Gebremeskel Urge Gerema Ebisa Zerihun Gindaba Teklehaimanot Gereziher Haile Demisu Zenbaba Heyi Chidozie Declan Iwu Assefa N Iyasu Rebuma Sorsa Jeben Alelign Tasew Jema Charity Ehimwenma Joshua Kehinde Kazeem Kanmodi Molla Asnake Kebede Emmanuel Manu Tesfahun Mekene Meto Mathewos M Mekonnen Hadush Negash Meles Tadesse Misgana Mustapha Mohammed Ogochukwu Janet Nzoputam Isaac Iyinoluwa Olufadewa Gideon Olamilekan Oluwatunase Verner N Orish Afeez Abolarinwa Salami Elvis Enowbeyang Tarkang Edosa Geta Tesfaye Gta Aniefiok John Udoakang Abate Dargie Wubetu Mathilde J Sengoelge |
| author_sort | Dan J Stein |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives To analyse the past 30-year trends in mortality and morbidity of interpersonal violence against children, its demographic distribution and correlation with specific risk factors.Design Ecological study at the country and regional level.Setting 46 countries and 4 subregions of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA): Central, Eastern, Southern and Western.Participants Children aged 0–19 years old.Primary and secondary outcome measures Trends in mortality rates and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributed to interpersonal violence injuries in children; correlation between socio-demographic index (SDI)/alcohol consumption per capita and child interpersonal violence.Results Deaths and DALYs per 100 000 population from child violence-related injuries in SSA declined from 4.0 (95% uncertainty interval (UI): 3.3–4.9) to 3.1 (95% UI: 2.3 to 3.9) and 334.9 (95% UI: 276.4 to 407.7) to 260.3 (95% UI: 197.9 to 321.9) respectively from 1990 to 2019 (reductions of 22.5% and 22.3%). Southern SSA had the highest deaths/DALYs rates for each type of physical violence (sharp object/firearm/other) and Central SSA for sexual violence. Alcohol consumption correlated significantly with deaths and DALYs, but SDI showed a non-significant correlation.Conclusions Rates of child interpersonal violence deaths and DALYs decreased from 2009 to 2019 in SSA, driven by remarkable decreases in the Southern subregion. Understanding the determinants of these downward trends and implementation of policies targeting known risk factors like alcohol consumption may pave the way for enhanced child safety protection. Further curbing the disparities between countries and subregions necessitates long-term commitment to evidence-based action plans. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ef9e7e83c8164c87a94fe77de85e97b3 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2044-6055 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMJ Open |
| spelling | doaj-art-ef9e7e83c8164c87a94fe77de85e97b32025-08-20T02:57:44ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552025-04-0115410.1136/bmjopen-2023-083070Trends and demographic differences in interpersonal violence against children in sub-Saharan Africa: findings from the 1990–2019 Global Burden of Disease StudyDan J Stein0Berihun Assefa DachewManasi Kumar1Shafiu MohammedAndrew T Olagunju2Jennifer Rickard3Deborah Oyine Aluh4Muktar Beshir Ahmed5Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi6Oluwafemi Atanda Adeagbo7Soraya Seedat8Segun Emmanuel IbitoyeOnome Bright Oghenetega9Kedir Hussein Abegaz10Lucie Laflamme11Mathilde Sengoelge12Michael Ekholuenetale13Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe14Richard Gyan Aboagye15Migbar Mekonnen Sibhat16Mustapha Immurana17Jacques Lukenze Tamuzi18Obasanjo Afolabi Bolarinwa19Hubert Amu20Robert Kokou Dowou21Ashenafi Kibret Sendekie22Gebisa Guyasa Kabito23Sergio Nhassengo24Malizgani Paul Chavula25Yonatan Solomon26Mesfin Gebrehiwot27Ahmed Nuru Muhamed28Amadou Barrow29Mesfin Abebe30Temesgen Mohammed Toma31Osaretin Christabel Okonji32Sergio Keita NhassengoYohannes Habtegiorgis AbateOlumide AbiodunKenneth Setorwu AddeAbiola Victor AdepojuTimothy Olukunle AladelusiIdowu Thomas ArulebaGetnet Melaku AyeleHameed Akande BashiruBerecha Hundessa DemessaIsaac Oluwafemi DipeoluTemitope Cyrus EkundayoAdewale Oluwaseun FadakaMiglas Welay GebregergisTeferi Gebru GebremeskelUrge GeremaEbisa Zerihun GindabaTeklehaimanot Gereziher HaileDemisu Zenbaba HeyiChidozie Declan IwuAssefa N IyasuRebuma Sorsa JebenAlelign Tasew JemaCharity Ehimwenma JoshuaKehinde Kazeem KanmodiMolla Asnake KebedeEmmanuel ManuTesfahun Mekene MetoMathewos M MekonnenHadush Negash MelesTadesse MisganaMustapha MohammedOgochukwu Janet NzoputamIsaac Iyinoluwa OlufadewaGideon Olamilekan OluwatunaseVerner N OrishAfeez Abolarinwa SalamiElvis Enowbeyang TarkangEdosa Geta Tesfaye GtaAniefiok John UdoakangAbate Dargie WubetuMathilde J SengoelgeSAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaPsychiatry, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya108 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada120 Surgery Department, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA1 Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nsukka, NigeriaDepartment of Epidemiology, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia65 Department of Community Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, NigeriaCommunity and Behavioral Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USASouth Africa PTSD Research Programme of Excellence, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South AfricaReproductive Health Sciences, Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, NigeriaPublic Health, Frontieri Consult Plc, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia5 Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, SwedenKarolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden3 The Women’s Health and Action Research Centre (WHARC), Benin City, NigeriaDivision of Population and Behavioural Sciences, University of St Andrews School of Medicine, St Andrews, UKSchool of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaPediatrics and Child Health Nursing, Dilla University College of Health Sciences, Dilla, Ethiopia2 Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Volta Region, GhanaDivision of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa1 Department of Public Health Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South AfricaPopulation and Behavioural Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, GhanaDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Fred N. Binka School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, GhanaDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaEnvironmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, EthiopiaKarolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenSchool of Public Health, University of Zambia, Lusaka, ZambiaDire Dawa University, Dire Dawa, EthiopiaDepartment of Environmental Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, EthiopiaDepartment of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, SNNPR, EthiopiaSchool of Public Health, Gambia College, Brikama campus, Brikama, West Coast Region, GambiaDepartment of Midwifery, Dilla University College of Health Sciences, Dilla, Ethiopia2 Public Health, Arba Minch College of Health Sciences, Arba Minch, EthiopiaUniversity of the Western Cape, Bellville, South AfricaObjectives To analyse the past 30-year trends in mortality and morbidity of interpersonal violence against children, its demographic distribution and correlation with specific risk factors.Design Ecological study at the country and regional level.Setting 46 countries and 4 subregions of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA): Central, Eastern, Southern and Western.Participants Children aged 0–19 years old.Primary and secondary outcome measures Trends in mortality rates and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributed to interpersonal violence injuries in children; correlation between socio-demographic index (SDI)/alcohol consumption per capita and child interpersonal violence.Results Deaths and DALYs per 100 000 population from child violence-related injuries in SSA declined from 4.0 (95% uncertainty interval (UI): 3.3–4.9) to 3.1 (95% UI: 2.3 to 3.9) and 334.9 (95% UI: 276.4 to 407.7) to 260.3 (95% UI: 197.9 to 321.9) respectively from 1990 to 2019 (reductions of 22.5% and 22.3%). Southern SSA had the highest deaths/DALYs rates for each type of physical violence (sharp object/firearm/other) and Central SSA for sexual violence. Alcohol consumption correlated significantly with deaths and DALYs, but SDI showed a non-significant correlation.Conclusions Rates of child interpersonal violence deaths and DALYs decreased from 2009 to 2019 in SSA, driven by remarkable decreases in the Southern subregion. Understanding the determinants of these downward trends and implementation of policies targeting known risk factors like alcohol consumption may pave the way for enhanced child safety protection. Further curbing the disparities between countries and subregions necessitates long-term commitment to evidence-based action plans.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/15/4/e083070.full |
| spellingShingle | Dan J Stein Berihun Assefa Dachew Manasi Kumar Shafiu Mohammed Andrew T Olagunju Jennifer Rickard Deborah Oyine Aluh Muktar Beshir Ahmed Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi Oluwafemi Atanda Adeagbo Soraya Seedat Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye Onome Bright Oghenetega Kedir Hussein Abegaz Lucie Laflamme Mathilde Sengoelge Michael Ekholuenetale Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe Richard Gyan Aboagye Migbar Mekonnen Sibhat Mustapha Immurana Jacques Lukenze Tamuzi Obasanjo Afolabi Bolarinwa Hubert Amu Robert Kokou Dowou Ashenafi Kibret Sendekie Gebisa Guyasa Kabito Sergio Nhassengo Malizgani Paul Chavula Yonatan Solomon Mesfin Gebrehiwot Ahmed Nuru Muhamed Amadou Barrow Mesfin Abebe Temesgen Mohammed Toma Osaretin Christabel Okonji Sergio Keita Nhassengo Yohannes Habtegiorgis Abate Olumide Abiodun Kenneth Setorwu Adde Abiola Victor Adepoju Timothy Olukunle Aladelusi Idowu Thomas Aruleba Getnet Melaku Ayele Hameed Akande Bashiru Berecha Hundessa Demessa Isaac Oluwafemi Dipeolu Temitope Cyrus Ekundayo Adewale Oluwaseun Fadaka Miglas Welay Gebregergis Teferi Gebru Gebremeskel Urge Gerema Ebisa Zerihun Gindaba Teklehaimanot Gereziher Haile Demisu Zenbaba Heyi Chidozie Declan Iwu Assefa N Iyasu Rebuma Sorsa Jeben Alelign Tasew Jema Charity Ehimwenma Joshua Kehinde Kazeem Kanmodi Molla Asnake Kebede Emmanuel Manu Tesfahun Mekene Meto Mathewos M Mekonnen Hadush Negash Meles Tadesse Misgana Mustapha Mohammed Ogochukwu Janet Nzoputam Isaac Iyinoluwa Olufadewa Gideon Olamilekan Oluwatunase Verner N Orish Afeez Abolarinwa Salami Elvis Enowbeyang Tarkang Edosa Geta Tesfaye Gta Aniefiok John Udoakang Abate Dargie Wubetu Mathilde J Sengoelge Trends and demographic differences in interpersonal violence against children in sub-Saharan Africa: findings from the 1990–2019 Global Burden of Disease Study BMJ Open |
| title | Trends and demographic differences in interpersonal violence against children in sub-Saharan Africa: findings from the 1990–2019 Global Burden of Disease Study |
| title_full | Trends and demographic differences in interpersonal violence against children in sub-Saharan Africa: findings from the 1990–2019 Global Burden of Disease Study |
| title_fullStr | Trends and demographic differences in interpersonal violence against children in sub-Saharan Africa: findings from the 1990–2019 Global Burden of Disease Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Trends and demographic differences in interpersonal violence against children in sub-Saharan Africa: findings from the 1990–2019 Global Burden of Disease Study |
| title_short | Trends and demographic differences in interpersonal violence against children in sub-Saharan Africa: findings from the 1990–2019 Global Burden of Disease Study |
| title_sort | trends and demographic differences in interpersonal violence against children in sub saharan africa findings from the 1990 2019 global burden of disease study |
| url | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/15/4/e083070.full |
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