Stratigraphy and structure of the Altar basin of NW Sonora: Implications for the history of the Colorado River delta and the Salton trough

The Altar basin in northwestern Sonora, Mexico, is a subsidiary basin forming a now inactive part of the Colorado River delta. Its sedimentary record illustrates how the delta prograded in the last 4–5 Ma over a late Miocene, structurally distinct, marine basin at the northern end of the Gulf of Ca...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Martín Pacheco, Arturo Martín-Barajas, Wilfred Elders, Juan Manuel Espinosa-Cardeña, Javier Helenes, Alberto Segura
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México 2018-02-01
Series:Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas
Subjects:
Online Access:https://rmcg.unam.mx/index.php/rmcg/article/view/762
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849336831623036928
author Martín Pacheco
Arturo Martín-Barajas
Wilfred Elders
Juan Manuel Espinosa-Cardeña
Javier Helenes
Alberto Segura
author_facet Martín Pacheco
Arturo Martín-Barajas
Wilfred Elders
Juan Manuel Espinosa-Cardeña
Javier Helenes
Alberto Segura
author_sort Martín Pacheco
collection DOAJ
description The Altar basin in northwestern Sonora, Mexico, is a subsidiary basin forming a now inactive part of the Colorado River delta. Its sedimentary record illustrates how the delta prograded in the last 4–5 Ma over a late Miocene, structurally distinct, marine basin at the northern end of the Gulf of California. Our interpretation of outcrop data, and data from seven exploratory wells, six analog seismic lines    of Petróleos Mexicanos (PEMEX), and magnetic and gravity surveys from various sources indicates the existence of three sedimentary sequences, A, B, and C, which can be correlated at regional scale and have a thickness >5 km at the basin depocenter. The lower sedimentary sequence A is a shale unit representing open marine conditions (outer neritic). It grades into a thick sequence of interstratified mudstone, siltstone, and sandstone (sequence B), which grades in turn into poorly consolidated sand (sequence C). Extensive outcrops of a sandy, cut and fill succession exposed along the coast of Sonora are consistent with sequences B and C being the sub-aqueous and the sub-aereal parts of the delta, respectively. A contact at the base of the sequence A, where pre-marine continental deposits are missing, and where the marine sequence overlies crystalline basement, is interpreted as tectonic transport along a top-to-the-northwest detachment fault. The Altar basin became inactive as result of the westward shift in the locus of tectonic activity from the Altar fault to the Cerro Prieto fault, coupled with realignments in the course of the Colorado River during Pleistocene time.
format Article
id doaj-art-ef92dccfc1fe4bd1abbfcfc26ff39cf8
institution Kabale University
issn 1026-8774
2007-2902
language English
publishDate 2018-02-01
publisher Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
record_format Article
series Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas
spelling doaj-art-ef92dccfc1fe4bd1abbfcfc26ff39cf82025-08-20T03:44:53ZengUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoRevista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas1026-87742007-29022018-02-01231Stratigraphy and structure of the Altar basin of NW Sonora: Implications for the history of the Colorado River delta and the Salton troughMartín Pacheco0Arturo Martín-Barajas1Wilfred Elders2Juan Manuel Espinosa-Cardeña3Javier Helenes4Alberto Segura5División de Ciencias de la Tierra, CICESE, Km 107 Carr. Tijuana-Ensenada, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico.División de Ciencias de la Tierra, CICESE, Km 107 Carr. Tijuana-Ensenada, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico.Department of Earth Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USADivisión de Ciencias de la Tierra, CICESE, Km 107 Carr. Tijuana-Ensenada, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico.División de Ciencias de la Tierra, CICESE, Km 107 Carr. Tijuana-Ensenada, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico.Activo Regional de Exploración, Región Norte, PEMEX, Poza Rica, Veracruz, Mexico. The Altar basin in northwestern Sonora, Mexico, is a subsidiary basin forming a now inactive part of the Colorado River delta. Its sedimentary record illustrates how the delta prograded in the last 4–5 Ma over a late Miocene, structurally distinct, marine basin at the northern end of the Gulf of California. Our interpretation of outcrop data, and data from seven exploratory wells, six analog seismic lines    of Petróleos Mexicanos (PEMEX), and magnetic and gravity surveys from various sources indicates the existence of three sedimentary sequences, A, B, and C, which can be correlated at regional scale and have a thickness >5 km at the basin depocenter. The lower sedimentary sequence A is a shale unit representing open marine conditions (outer neritic). It grades into a thick sequence of interstratified mudstone, siltstone, and sandstone (sequence B), which grades in turn into poorly consolidated sand (sequence C). Extensive outcrops of a sandy, cut and fill succession exposed along the coast of Sonora are consistent with sequences B and C being the sub-aqueous and the sub-aereal parts of the delta, respectively. A contact at the base of the sequence A, where pre-marine continental deposits are missing, and where the marine sequence overlies crystalline basement, is interpreted as tectonic transport along a top-to-the-northwest detachment fault. The Altar basin became inactive as result of the westward shift in the locus of tectonic activity from the Altar fault to the Cerro Prieto fault, coupled with realignments in the course of the Colorado River during Pleistocene time. https://rmcg.unam.mx/index.php/rmcg/article/view/762stratigraphy, rifting, Colorado River delta, Altar basin, Gulf of California.estratigrafía, rifting, delta del Río Colorado, Cuenca de Altar, Golfo de California.
spellingShingle Martín Pacheco
Arturo Martín-Barajas
Wilfred Elders
Juan Manuel Espinosa-Cardeña
Javier Helenes
Alberto Segura
Stratigraphy and structure of the Altar basin of NW Sonora: Implications for the history of the Colorado River delta and the Salton trough
Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas
stratigraphy, rifting, Colorado River delta, Altar basin, Gulf of California.
estratigrafía, rifting, delta del Río Colorado, Cuenca de Altar, Golfo de California.
title Stratigraphy and structure of the Altar basin of NW Sonora: Implications for the history of the Colorado River delta and the Salton trough
title_full Stratigraphy and structure of the Altar basin of NW Sonora: Implications for the history of the Colorado River delta and the Salton trough
title_fullStr Stratigraphy and structure of the Altar basin of NW Sonora: Implications for the history of the Colorado River delta and the Salton trough
title_full_unstemmed Stratigraphy and structure of the Altar basin of NW Sonora: Implications for the history of the Colorado River delta and the Salton trough
title_short Stratigraphy and structure of the Altar basin of NW Sonora: Implications for the history of the Colorado River delta and the Salton trough
title_sort stratigraphy and structure of the altar basin of nw sonora implications for the history of the colorado river delta and the salton trough
topic stratigraphy, rifting, Colorado River delta, Altar basin, Gulf of California.
estratigrafía, rifting, delta del Río Colorado, Cuenca de Altar, Golfo de California.
url https://rmcg.unam.mx/index.php/rmcg/article/view/762
work_keys_str_mv AT martinpacheco stratigraphyandstructureofthealtarbasinofnwsonoraimplicationsforthehistoryofthecoloradoriverdeltaandthesaltontrough
AT arturomartinbarajas stratigraphyandstructureofthealtarbasinofnwsonoraimplicationsforthehistoryofthecoloradoriverdeltaandthesaltontrough
AT wilfredelders stratigraphyandstructureofthealtarbasinofnwsonoraimplicationsforthehistoryofthecoloradoriverdeltaandthesaltontrough
AT juanmanuelespinosacardena stratigraphyandstructureofthealtarbasinofnwsonoraimplicationsforthehistoryofthecoloradoriverdeltaandthesaltontrough
AT javierhelenes stratigraphyandstructureofthealtarbasinofnwsonoraimplicationsforthehistoryofthecoloradoriverdeltaandthesaltontrough
AT albertosegura stratigraphyandstructureofthealtarbasinofnwsonoraimplicationsforthehistoryofthecoloradoriverdeltaandthesaltontrough