Prevalence and risk factors for painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the prevalence and risk factors for painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy through meta-analysis, and to provide countermeasures for early intervention and active prevention of diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search of PubMed...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neurology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2025.1564867/full |
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| author | Peng Zhou Jin song Zhou Jin song Zhou Jin song Zhou Jin jie Li Jin jie Li Jin jie Li Lang Qin Wen feng Hu Xiao yi Zhang Jian xia Wang Jian xia Wang Jian xia Wang Zhen Shi Zhen Shi Zhen Shi |
| author_facet | Peng Zhou Jin song Zhou Jin song Zhou Jin song Zhou Jin jie Li Jin jie Li Jin jie Li Lang Qin Wen feng Hu Xiao yi Zhang Jian xia Wang Jian xia Wang Jian xia Wang Zhen Shi Zhen Shi Zhen Shi |
| author_sort | Peng Zhou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the prevalence and risk factors for painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy through meta-analysis, and to provide countermeasures for early intervention and active prevention of diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library for articles published from the establishment of the database to November 2024. A total of 14 studies (nine cross-sectional studies and five cohort studies) qualified for meta-analysis. We used a random-effects meta-analysis and assessed heterogeneity and publication bias.ResultsA total of 14 studies (nine cross-sectional, five cohort) were included. The prevalence of PDPN was estimated at 33.9% (95% CI [19.4%−48.5%]). Significant risk factors included female gender (OR = 1.29, P = 0.004), glycosylated hemoglobin levels (WMD = 0.14, P < 0.001), nephropathy (OR = 1.41, P < 0.001), retinopathy (OR = 1.32, P = 0.040), cardiovascular disease (OR = 1.46, P < 0.001), arterial hypertension (OR = 1.25, P = 0.047), triglycerides levels (WMD = −0.10, P < 0.001), low density lipoprotein levels (WMD = −0.20, 1. 0.001), smoking (OR = 0.90, P = 0.001), drinking alcohol (OR = 0.87, P = 0.001), glomerular filtration rate levels (WMD = −7.11, P < 0.001), obesity (OR = 2.00, P = 0.001). The multivariate analysis results showed that female gender (OR = 1.42, P = 0.032), age of onset (OR = 1.19, P < 0.001), duration of diabetes (OR = 1.29, P < 0.001), and retinopathy (OR = 1.90, P = 0.032) were indicated as risk factors for painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy.ConclusionThis meta-analysis suggests that female gender, glycosylated hemoglobin levels, nephropathy, retinopathy, cardiovascular disease, arterial hypertension, smoking, drinking alcohol, glomerular filtration rate levels, obesity, age of onset and duration of diabetes are indicated as risk factors for painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy in diabetic patients.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42025629060. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ef8b8c0d7a7d4830937c4b3a32d39ca5 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1664-2295 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Neurology |
| spelling | doaj-art-ef8b8c0d7a7d4830937c4b3a32d39ca52025-08-20T02:31:11ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neurology1664-22952025-05-011610.3389/fneur.2025.15648671564867Prevalence and risk factors for painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysisPeng Zhou0Jin song Zhou1Jin song Zhou2Jin song Zhou3Jin jie Li4Jin jie Li5Jin jie Li6Lang Qin7Wen feng Hu8Xiao yi Zhang9Jian xia Wang10Jian xia Wang11Jian xia Wang12Zhen Shi13Zhen Shi14Zhen Shi15The First Clinical Medical School, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, ChinaAffiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, ChinaHubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, ChinaHubei Provincial Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, ChinaAffiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, ChinaHubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, ChinaHubei Provincial Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, ChinaThe First Clinical Medical School, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, ChinaThe First Clinical Medical School, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, ChinaThe First Clinical Medical School, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, ChinaAffiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, ChinaHubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, ChinaHubei Provincial Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, ChinaAffiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, ChinaHubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, ChinaHubei Provincial Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, ChinaObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the prevalence and risk factors for painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy through meta-analysis, and to provide countermeasures for early intervention and active prevention of diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library for articles published from the establishment of the database to November 2024. A total of 14 studies (nine cross-sectional studies and five cohort studies) qualified for meta-analysis. We used a random-effects meta-analysis and assessed heterogeneity and publication bias.ResultsA total of 14 studies (nine cross-sectional, five cohort) were included. The prevalence of PDPN was estimated at 33.9% (95% CI [19.4%−48.5%]). Significant risk factors included female gender (OR = 1.29, P = 0.004), glycosylated hemoglobin levels (WMD = 0.14, P < 0.001), nephropathy (OR = 1.41, P < 0.001), retinopathy (OR = 1.32, P = 0.040), cardiovascular disease (OR = 1.46, P < 0.001), arterial hypertension (OR = 1.25, P = 0.047), triglycerides levels (WMD = −0.10, P < 0.001), low density lipoprotein levels (WMD = −0.20, 1. 0.001), smoking (OR = 0.90, P = 0.001), drinking alcohol (OR = 0.87, P = 0.001), glomerular filtration rate levels (WMD = −7.11, P < 0.001), obesity (OR = 2.00, P = 0.001). The multivariate analysis results showed that female gender (OR = 1.42, P = 0.032), age of onset (OR = 1.19, P < 0.001), duration of diabetes (OR = 1.29, P < 0.001), and retinopathy (OR = 1.90, P = 0.032) were indicated as risk factors for painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy.ConclusionThis meta-analysis suggests that female gender, glycosylated hemoglobin levels, nephropathy, retinopathy, cardiovascular disease, arterial hypertension, smoking, drinking alcohol, glomerular filtration rate levels, obesity, age of onset and duration of diabetes are indicated as risk factors for painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy in diabetic patients.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42025629060.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2025.1564867/fulldiabetes mellitus (DM)painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN)risk factorsystematic reviewmeta-analysis |
| spellingShingle | Peng Zhou Jin song Zhou Jin song Zhou Jin song Zhou Jin jie Li Jin jie Li Jin jie Li Lang Qin Wen feng Hu Xiao yi Zhang Jian xia Wang Jian xia Wang Jian xia Wang Zhen Shi Zhen Shi Zhen Shi Prevalence and risk factors for painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis Frontiers in Neurology diabetes mellitus (DM) painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN) risk factor systematic review meta-analysis |
| title | Prevalence and risk factors for painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | Prevalence and risk factors for painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence and risk factors for painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence and risk factors for painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | Prevalence and risk factors for painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | prevalence and risk factors for painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | diabetes mellitus (DM) painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN) risk factor systematic review meta-analysis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2025.1564867/full |
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