Epigenetic factors in posttraumatic stress disorder resilience and susceptibility
Abstract Background Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) affects approximately 8% of the US population, with varying susceptibility among individuals exposed to trauma. While genetic factors contribute to PTSD risk, emerging evidence suggests that epigenetic mechanisms play a crucial role in transla...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43042-025-00684-w |
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| author | Tamer A. Addissouky Ibrahim El Tantawy El Sayed Yuliang Wang |
| author_facet | Tamer A. Addissouky Ibrahim El Tantawy El Sayed Yuliang Wang |
| author_sort | Tamer A. Addissouky |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) affects approximately 8% of the US population, with varying susceptibility among individuals exposed to trauma. While genetic factors contribute to PTSD risk, emerging evidence suggests that epigenetic mechanisms play a crucial role in translating environmental exposures into lasting neurobiological changes. Purpose This review provides a comprehensive analysis of cutting-edge research on epigenetic factors in PTSD, with particular emphasis on novel findings regarding resilience and susceptibility mechanisms. We explore recent technological advances in epigenetic research and their applications in understanding PTSD pathophysiology. Main body Advanced epigenomic approaches have revealed complex interactions between DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs in PTSD. Novel findings highlight cell type-specific epigenetic signatures and their temporal dynamics following trauma exposure. Single-cell epigenomic studies have identified previously unknown cellular heterogeneity in stress responses. Recent data suggests that epigenetic modifications not only influence individual susceptibility but may also contribute to transgenerational transmission of trauma effects. Integrative multi-omics approaches have revealed new insights into the molecular networks underlying PTSD resilience and vulnerability. Conclusion Recent technological advances in epigenetic research have revealed unprecedented complexity in the molecular mechanisms of PTSD. These findings open new avenues for personalized interventions based on individual epigenetic profiles and suggest novel therapeutic strategies targeting epigenetic modifications. This enhanced understanding of epigenetic factors in PTSD has significant implications for risk assessment, prevention, and treatment. Graphical abstract |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ef80657af9b14de99c3c34e4239bf0d2 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2090-2441 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics |
| spelling | doaj-art-ef80657af9b14de99c3c34e4239bf0d22025-08-20T02:41:34ZengSpringerOpenEgyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics2090-24412025-03-0126111710.1186/s43042-025-00684-wEpigenetic factors in posttraumatic stress disorder resilience and susceptibilityTamer A. Addissouky0Ibrahim El Tantawy El Sayed1Yuliang Wang2Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, College of Technology and Health Sciences, AL-Mustaqbal UniversityDepartment of Chemistry, Biochemistry Branch, Science Faculty, Menoufia UniversitySchool of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityAbstract Background Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) affects approximately 8% of the US population, with varying susceptibility among individuals exposed to trauma. While genetic factors contribute to PTSD risk, emerging evidence suggests that epigenetic mechanisms play a crucial role in translating environmental exposures into lasting neurobiological changes. Purpose This review provides a comprehensive analysis of cutting-edge research on epigenetic factors in PTSD, with particular emphasis on novel findings regarding resilience and susceptibility mechanisms. We explore recent technological advances in epigenetic research and their applications in understanding PTSD pathophysiology. Main body Advanced epigenomic approaches have revealed complex interactions between DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs in PTSD. Novel findings highlight cell type-specific epigenetic signatures and their temporal dynamics following trauma exposure. Single-cell epigenomic studies have identified previously unknown cellular heterogeneity in stress responses. Recent data suggests that epigenetic modifications not only influence individual susceptibility but may also contribute to transgenerational transmission of trauma effects. Integrative multi-omics approaches have revealed new insights into the molecular networks underlying PTSD resilience and vulnerability. Conclusion Recent technological advances in epigenetic research have revealed unprecedented complexity in the molecular mechanisms of PTSD. These findings open new avenues for personalized interventions based on individual epigenetic profiles and suggest novel therapeutic strategies targeting epigenetic modifications. This enhanced understanding of epigenetic factors in PTSD has significant implications for risk assessment, prevention, and treatment. Graphical abstracthttps://doi.org/10.1186/s43042-025-00684-wPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)EpigeneticsDNA MethylationHistone modificationsEnvironmental exposures |
| spellingShingle | Tamer A. Addissouky Ibrahim El Tantawy El Sayed Yuliang Wang Epigenetic factors in posttraumatic stress disorder resilience and susceptibility Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Epigenetics DNA Methylation Histone modifications Environmental exposures |
| title | Epigenetic factors in posttraumatic stress disorder resilience and susceptibility |
| title_full | Epigenetic factors in posttraumatic stress disorder resilience and susceptibility |
| title_fullStr | Epigenetic factors in posttraumatic stress disorder resilience and susceptibility |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epigenetic factors in posttraumatic stress disorder resilience and susceptibility |
| title_short | Epigenetic factors in posttraumatic stress disorder resilience and susceptibility |
| title_sort | epigenetic factors in posttraumatic stress disorder resilience and susceptibility |
| topic | Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Epigenetics DNA Methylation Histone modifications Environmental exposures |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43042-025-00684-w |
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