Superior cardiovascular protection with GLP-1 RAs over SGLT2 inhibitors in DM and HFpEF: A propensity score matching study.

<h4>Background</h4>Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are interrelated conditions associated with high morbidity and mortality. This study compared the cardiovascular protective effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs...

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Main Authors: Allen Cheng-Wei Li, Yang-Chi Lin, Jing-Yang Huang, Lung-Ching Chen, Su-Kiat Chua
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2025-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0326534
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author Allen Cheng-Wei Li
Yang-Chi Lin
Jing-Yang Huang
Lung-Ching Chen
Su-Kiat Chua
author_facet Allen Cheng-Wei Li
Yang-Chi Lin
Jing-Yang Huang
Lung-Ching Chen
Su-Kiat Chua
author_sort Allen Cheng-Wei Li
collection DOAJ
description <h4>Background</h4>Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are interrelated conditions associated with high morbidity and mortality. This study compared the cardiovascular protective effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) versus sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in this population.<h4>Methods</h4>This retrospective cohort study used data from the TriNetX database. It included 2,177 matched pairs of patients with HFpEF and DM treated with either GLP-1 RAs or SGLT2 inhibitors. Outcomes assessed over three years were a composite of all-cause mortality and progression to systolic heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, or stroke.<h4>Results</h4>GLP-1 RAs significantly reduced the risk of composite outcomes at one year (Hazard Ratio, HR 0.784; 95% CI, 0.658-0.934), two years (HR 0.813; 95% CI, 0.702-0.941), and three years (HR 0.825; 95% CI, 0.717-0.950). Specifically, GLP-1 RAs showed significantly reduced risks of progression to systolic heart failure (HR 0.60) and stroke (HR 0.75) compared to SGLT2 inhibitors. These protective effects were most pronounced in the first year and showed a slightly diminishing trend. While not statistically significant, GLP-1 RAs also exhibited a trend towards fewer myocardial infarctions (HR 0.83) and lower mortality rates (HR 0.83) than SGLT2 inhibitors. Subgroup analyses revealed more significant benefits in patients aged ≥60, women, Caucasians, those without moderate-to-severe chronic kidney disease or chronic ischemic heart disease, and those with better-controlled DM.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Among HFpEF patients with DM, GLP-1 RAs demonstrated superior cardiovascular protective effects compared with SGLT2 inhibitors over a 3-year follow-up period. Further randomized trials are required to confirm these findings.
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spelling doaj-art-ef7a250985b94ea7a87647faca035b002025-08-20T03:27:36ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032025-01-01206e032653410.1371/journal.pone.0326534Superior cardiovascular protection with GLP-1 RAs over SGLT2 inhibitors in DM and HFpEF: A propensity score matching study.Allen Cheng-Wei LiYang-Chi LinJing-Yang HuangLung-Ching ChenSu-Kiat Chua<h4>Background</h4>Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are interrelated conditions associated with high morbidity and mortality. This study compared the cardiovascular protective effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) versus sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in this population.<h4>Methods</h4>This retrospective cohort study used data from the TriNetX database. It included 2,177 matched pairs of patients with HFpEF and DM treated with either GLP-1 RAs or SGLT2 inhibitors. Outcomes assessed over three years were a composite of all-cause mortality and progression to systolic heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, or stroke.<h4>Results</h4>GLP-1 RAs significantly reduced the risk of composite outcomes at one year (Hazard Ratio, HR 0.784; 95% CI, 0.658-0.934), two years (HR 0.813; 95% CI, 0.702-0.941), and three years (HR 0.825; 95% CI, 0.717-0.950). Specifically, GLP-1 RAs showed significantly reduced risks of progression to systolic heart failure (HR 0.60) and stroke (HR 0.75) compared to SGLT2 inhibitors. These protective effects were most pronounced in the first year and showed a slightly diminishing trend. While not statistically significant, GLP-1 RAs also exhibited a trend towards fewer myocardial infarctions (HR 0.83) and lower mortality rates (HR 0.83) than SGLT2 inhibitors. Subgroup analyses revealed more significant benefits in patients aged ≥60, women, Caucasians, those without moderate-to-severe chronic kidney disease or chronic ischemic heart disease, and those with better-controlled DM.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Among HFpEF patients with DM, GLP-1 RAs demonstrated superior cardiovascular protective effects compared with SGLT2 inhibitors over a 3-year follow-up period. Further randomized trials are required to confirm these findings.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0326534
spellingShingle Allen Cheng-Wei Li
Yang-Chi Lin
Jing-Yang Huang
Lung-Ching Chen
Su-Kiat Chua
Superior cardiovascular protection with GLP-1 RAs over SGLT2 inhibitors in DM and HFpEF: A propensity score matching study.
PLoS ONE
title Superior cardiovascular protection with GLP-1 RAs over SGLT2 inhibitors in DM and HFpEF: A propensity score matching study.
title_full Superior cardiovascular protection with GLP-1 RAs over SGLT2 inhibitors in DM and HFpEF: A propensity score matching study.
title_fullStr Superior cardiovascular protection with GLP-1 RAs over SGLT2 inhibitors in DM and HFpEF: A propensity score matching study.
title_full_unstemmed Superior cardiovascular protection with GLP-1 RAs over SGLT2 inhibitors in DM and HFpEF: A propensity score matching study.
title_short Superior cardiovascular protection with GLP-1 RAs over SGLT2 inhibitors in DM and HFpEF: A propensity score matching study.
title_sort superior cardiovascular protection with glp 1 ras over sglt2 inhibitors in dm and hfpef a propensity score matching study
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0326534
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