Long-term survival of a SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated thoracic tumor with brain metastasis successfully treated with multimodal treatment: a case report and literature review

Abstract Background SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated thoracic tumor (SMARCA4-UT) is a rare and highly aggressive malignancy characterized by early distant metastasis and a poor prognosis, with a median overall survival (OS) of only 4–7 months. Traditional therapies offer limited benefit, while eme...

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Main Authors: Yu Gan, Qi Hu, Fangfang Hu, Shugui Wu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2025-08-01
Series:Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-025-06284-w
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author Yu Gan
Qi Hu
Fangfang Hu
Shugui Wu
author_facet Yu Gan
Qi Hu
Fangfang Hu
Shugui Wu
author_sort Yu Gan
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated thoracic tumor (SMARCA4-UT) is a rare and highly aggressive malignancy characterized by early distant metastasis and a poor prognosis, with a median overall survival (OS) of only 4–7 months. Traditional therapies offer limited benefit, while emerging data suggest the efficacy of combined immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and anti-angiogenic approaches. Case summary We report a case of a 52-year-old male with a heavy smoking history who presented with loss of consciousness and limb convulsions. Imaging revealed brain metastasis and a thoracic tumor. After surgical removal of the brain lesion and a lung biopsy, the patient was diagnosed with SMARCA4-UT, showing no targetable driver mutations and a programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) tumor proportion score (TPS) < 1%. The patient underwent first-line treatment with tislelizumab, bevacizumab, carboplatin, and paclitaxel. Despite discontinuation of bevacizumab due to a tumor cavity, the patient achieved partial remission (PR) after six cycles. Notably, consolidative thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) was administered following systemic disease control to enhance local control. After 5 months of maintenance therapy, oligoprogression of the primary lung lesion was detected and the progression-free survival (PFS) of first-line treatment reached 14 months. The patient then performed salvage surgery for local lesion and continued with maintenance treatment. As of May 2025, the patient has survived for 31 months since the initial diagnosis. Conclusion Multimodal therapy integrating chemoimmunotherapy, anti-angiogenesis, consolidative radiotherapy, and salvage surgery achieved durable survival in SMARCA4-UT with brain metastasis. It highlights the potential of combining systemic and local therapies, providing valuable insights for managing this challenging disease.
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spelling doaj-art-ef4d59a5280246f6869cf72b52852aae2025-08-24T11:06:19ZengSpringerJournal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology1432-13352025-08-01151811110.1007/s00432-025-06284-wLong-term survival of a SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated thoracic tumor with brain metastasis successfully treated with multimodal treatment: a case report and literature reviewYu Gan0Qi Hu1Fangfang Hu2Shugui Wu3Department of Medical Oncology, Ganzhou People’s HospitalDepartment of Pathology, Ganzhou People’s HospitalDepartment of Medical Oncology, Ganzhou Maternal and Child Health HospitalDepartment of Medical Oncology, Ganzhou People’s HospitalAbstract Background SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated thoracic tumor (SMARCA4-UT) is a rare and highly aggressive malignancy characterized by early distant metastasis and a poor prognosis, with a median overall survival (OS) of only 4–7 months. Traditional therapies offer limited benefit, while emerging data suggest the efficacy of combined immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and anti-angiogenic approaches. Case summary We report a case of a 52-year-old male with a heavy smoking history who presented with loss of consciousness and limb convulsions. Imaging revealed brain metastasis and a thoracic tumor. After surgical removal of the brain lesion and a lung biopsy, the patient was diagnosed with SMARCA4-UT, showing no targetable driver mutations and a programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) tumor proportion score (TPS) < 1%. The patient underwent first-line treatment with tislelizumab, bevacizumab, carboplatin, and paclitaxel. Despite discontinuation of bevacizumab due to a tumor cavity, the patient achieved partial remission (PR) after six cycles. Notably, consolidative thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) was administered following systemic disease control to enhance local control. After 5 months of maintenance therapy, oligoprogression of the primary lung lesion was detected and the progression-free survival (PFS) of first-line treatment reached 14 months. The patient then performed salvage surgery for local lesion and continued with maintenance treatment. As of May 2025, the patient has survived for 31 months since the initial diagnosis. Conclusion Multimodal therapy integrating chemoimmunotherapy, anti-angiogenesis, consolidative radiotherapy, and salvage surgery achieved durable survival in SMARCA4-UT with brain metastasis. It highlights the potential of combining systemic and local therapies, providing valuable insights for managing this challenging disease.https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-025-06284-wSMARCA4-UTBrain metastasisMultimodal treatmentConsolidative thoracic radiotherapySalvage surgeryCase report
spellingShingle Yu Gan
Qi Hu
Fangfang Hu
Shugui Wu
Long-term survival of a SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated thoracic tumor with brain metastasis successfully treated with multimodal treatment: a case report and literature review
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology
SMARCA4-UT
Brain metastasis
Multimodal treatment
Consolidative thoracic radiotherapy
Salvage surgery
Case report
title Long-term survival of a SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated thoracic tumor with brain metastasis successfully treated with multimodal treatment: a case report and literature review
title_full Long-term survival of a SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated thoracic tumor with brain metastasis successfully treated with multimodal treatment: a case report and literature review
title_fullStr Long-term survival of a SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated thoracic tumor with brain metastasis successfully treated with multimodal treatment: a case report and literature review
title_full_unstemmed Long-term survival of a SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated thoracic tumor with brain metastasis successfully treated with multimodal treatment: a case report and literature review
title_short Long-term survival of a SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated thoracic tumor with brain metastasis successfully treated with multimodal treatment: a case report and literature review
title_sort long term survival of a smarca4 deficient undifferentiated thoracic tumor with brain metastasis successfully treated with multimodal treatment a case report and literature review
topic SMARCA4-UT
Brain metastasis
Multimodal treatment
Consolidative thoracic radiotherapy
Salvage surgery
Case report
url https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-025-06284-w
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AT fangfanghu longtermsurvivalofasmarca4deficientundifferentiatedthoracictumorwithbrainmetastasissuccessfullytreatedwithmultimodaltreatmentacasereportandliteraturereview
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