Innovative Mycotoxin Detoxifying Agents Decrease the Absorption Rate of Aflatoxin B1 and Counteract the Oxidative Stress in Broiler Chickens Exposed to Low Dietary Levels of the Mycotoxin
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) can impair the growth of chickens and reduce the quality of eggs and meat, resulting in significant economic losses. The inclusion of mycotoxin detoxifying agents (MyDA) with binding properties in the diet is an efficient tool to reduce their absorption rate in the gastrointestin...
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MDPI AG
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| author | Matteo Cuccato Neenu Amminikutty Veronica Spalenza Vanessa Conte Stefano Bagatella Donato Greco Vito D’Ascanio Francesco Gai Achille Schiavone Giuseppina Avantaggiato Carlo Nebbia Flavia Girolami |
| author_facet | Matteo Cuccato Neenu Amminikutty Veronica Spalenza Vanessa Conte Stefano Bagatella Donato Greco Vito D’Ascanio Francesco Gai Achille Schiavone Giuseppina Avantaggiato Carlo Nebbia Flavia Girolami |
| author_sort | Matteo Cuccato |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) can impair the growth of chickens and reduce the quality of eggs and meat, resulting in significant economic losses. The inclusion of mycotoxin detoxifying agents (MyDA) with binding properties in the diet is an efficient tool to reduce their absorption rate in the gastrointestinal tract. Our aim was to investigate the ability of two innovative MyDA (SeOX, a feed additive featuring a tri-octahedral smectite mixed with lignocellulose, and CHS, a di-octahedral smectite functionalized with an organic non-toxic modifier) in both reducing the bio-accessibility and mitigating the adverse effects of AFB1 in broilers exposed for 10 days to concentrations approaching the European Union maximum limits in feed (0.02 mg/kg). The amount of AFB1 in the excreta of birds, collected over four consecutive days (starting on day 7), was significantly lower (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in the group exposed to AFB1 alone compared to the groups treated with either SeOX or CHS. The calculated bio-accessibility was decreased by nearly 30% with both MyDA. This positive effect was reflected by a significant reduction (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in the oxidative stress (measured as serum antioxidant capacity and hepatic lipid peroxidation) induced by AFB1. Although antioxidant enzyme activities and glutathione levels were unaffected by any treatment, AFB1 significantly induced (<i>p</i> < 0.001) the upregulation of CYP2A6 and the downregulation of Nrf2; the latter was reverted by each MyDA. Overall, these results demonstrate that the selected MyDA are effective in limiting the AFB1 absorption rate, thereby mitigating or even reverting the oxidative stress induced by AFB1 in broilers. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ef478602c55d41e78d2e39fbccac2b4e |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj-art-ef478602c55d41e78d2e39fbccac2b4e2025-08-20T02:04:05ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512025-02-011728210.3390/toxins17020082Innovative Mycotoxin Detoxifying Agents Decrease the Absorption Rate of Aflatoxin B1 and Counteract the Oxidative Stress in Broiler Chickens Exposed to Low Dietary Levels of the MycotoxinMatteo Cuccato0Neenu Amminikutty1Veronica Spalenza2Vanessa Conte3Stefano Bagatella4Donato Greco5Vito D’Ascanio6Francesco Gai7Achille Schiavone8Giuseppina Avantaggiato9Carlo Nebbia10Flavia Girolami11Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, ItalyInstitute of Sciences of Food Production, Italian National Research Council, 70126 Bari, ItalyInstitute of Sciences of Food Production, Italian National Research Council, 70126 Bari, ItalyInstitute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, 10095 Grugliasco, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, ItalyInstitute of Sciences of Food Production, Italian National Research Council, 70126 Bari, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, ItalyAflatoxin B1 (AFB1) can impair the growth of chickens and reduce the quality of eggs and meat, resulting in significant economic losses. The inclusion of mycotoxin detoxifying agents (MyDA) with binding properties in the diet is an efficient tool to reduce their absorption rate in the gastrointestinal tract. Our aim was to investigate the ability of two innovative MyDA (SeOX, a feed additive featuring a tri-octahedral smectite mixed with lignocellulose, and CHS, a di-octahedral smectite functionalized with an organic non-toxic modifier) in both reducing the bio-accessibility and mitigating the adverse effects of AFB1 in broilers exposed for 10 days to concentrations approaching the European Union maximum limits in feed (0.02 mg/kg). The amount of AFB1 in the excreta of birds, collected over four consecutive days (starting on day 7), was significantly lower (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in the group exposed to AFB1 alone compared to the groups treated with either SeOX or CHS. The calculated bio-accessibility was decreased by nearly 30% with both MyDA. This positive effect was reflected by a significant reduction (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in the oxidative stress (measured as serum antioxidant capacity and hepatic lipid peroxidation) induced by AFB1. Although antioxidant enzyme activities and glutathione levels were unaffected by any treatment, AFB1 significantly induced (<i>p</i> < 0.001) the upregulation of CYP2A6 and the downregulation of Nrf2; the latter was reverted by each MyDA. Overall, these results demonstrate that the selected MyDA are effective in limiting the AFB1 absorption rate, thereby mitigating or even reverting the oxidative stress induced by AFB1 in broilers.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/17/2/82aflatoxin B1mycotoxin detoxifying agentsoxidative stressliverchickendrug-metabolizing enzymes |
| spellingShingle | Matteo Cuccato Neenu Amminikutty Veronica Spalenza Vanessa Conte Stefano Bagatella Donato Greco Vito D’Ascanio Francesco Gai Achille Schiavone Giuseppina Avantaggiato Carlo Nebbia Flavia Girolami Innovative Mycotoxin Detoxifying Agents Decrease the Absorption Rate of Aflatoxin B1 and Counteract the Oxidative Stress in Broiler Chickens Exposed to Low Dietary Levels of the Mycotoxin Toxins aflatoxin B1 mycotoxin detoxifying agents oxidative stress liver chicken drug-metabolizing enzymes |
| title | Innovative Mycotoxin Detoxifying Agents Decrease the Absorption Rate of Aflatoxin B1 and Counteract the Oxidative Stress in Broiler Chickens Exposed to Low Dietary Levels of the Mycotoxin |
| title_full | Innovative Mycotoxin Detoxifying Agents Decrease the Absorption Rate of Aflatoxin B1 and Counteract the Oxidative Stress in Broiler Chickens Exposed to Low Dietary Levels of the Mycotoxin |
| title_fullStr | Innovative Mycotoxin Detoxifying Agents Decrease the Absorption Rate of Aflatoxin B1 and Counteract the Oxidative Stress in Broiler Chickens Exposed to Low Dietary Levels of the Mycotoxin |
| title_full_unstemmed | Innovative Mycotoxin Detoxifying Agents Decrease the Absorption Rate of Aflatoxin B1 and Counteract the Oxidative Stress in Broiler Chickens Exposed to Low Dietary Levels of the Mycotoxin |
| title_short | Innovative Mycotoxin Detoxifying Agents Decrease the Absorption Rate of Aflatoxin B1 and Counteract the Oxidative Stress in Broiler Chickens Exposed to Low Dietary Levels of the Mycotoxin |
| title_sort | innovative mycotoxin detoxifying agents decrease the absorption rate of aflatoxin b1 and counteract the oxidative stress in broiler chickens exposed to low dietary levels of the mycotoxin |
| topic | aflatoxin B1 mycotoxin detoxifying agents oxidative stress liver chicken drug-metabolizing enzymes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/17/2/82 |
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