Immunomodulatory effects of intratumoral cowpea mosaic virus and calreticulin nanoparticles in canine tumors: early results

Immunomodulatory effects of intratumoral cowpea mosaic virus and calreticulin nanoparticles in canine tumors: early results

IntroductionIntratumoral immunotherapy delivers immune-modifying therapeutic agents directly into the tumor microenvironment (TME), stimulating both local and systemic immune responses. In this pilot study, we evaluated the immunomodulatory effects of cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) particles, which prim...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Akansha Singh, Jessica Fernanda Affonso de Oliveira, Jessica Schrader, Deepan Kishore, Sri Vidhya Chandrasekar, Steven Fiering, Nicole F. Steinmetz, Ashish Ranjan
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-05-01
Series:	Frontiers in Immunology
Subjects:	cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) nanoparticles calreticulin nanoparticle intratumoral immunotherapy melanoma sarcoma immunomodulation
Online Access:	https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1566394/full
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