A Novel Algorithm for Adaptive Detection and Tracking of Extended Targets Using Millimeter-Wave Imaging Radar

A high-resolution imaging radar is exceptionally well-suited for the detection and perception of extended targets (ETs), as it provides a comprehensive representation of the spatial distribution of target scattering characteristics. In this work, we propose an adaptive detection and tracking framewo...

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Main Authors: Ge Zhang, Weimin Shi, Xiaofeng Shen, Qilong Miao, Chenfei Xie, Lu Chen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Sensors
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/10/3029
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author Ge Zhang
Weimin Shi
Xiaofeng Shen
Qilong Miao
Chenfei Xie
Lu Chen
author_facet Ge Zhang
Weimin Shi
Xiaofeng Shen
Qilong Miao
Chenfei Xie
Lu Chen
author_sort Ge Zhang
collection DOAJ
description A high-resolution imaging radar is exceptionally well-suited for the detection and perception of extended targets (ETs), as it provides a comprehensive representation of the spatial distribution of target scattering characteristics. In this work, we propose an adaptive detection and tracking framework for non-cooperative ETs based on radar imaging. The framework leverages the statistical properties of ETs in radar imaging to construct a target distribution model and introduces an adaptive ET detection and tracking algorithm based on Scattering Point Shift (SPS). This algorithm is designed to track ETs with internal motion characterized by multiple scattering points. The initial target distribution is estimated using two-dimensional kernel density estimation (2D-KDE). Compared to existing ET tracking algorithms, the proposed SPS method demonstrates superior universality in accommodating diverse scattering point distributions and integrates detection and tracking into a unified process, thereby significantly improving information utilization efficiency. The effectiveness of the algorithm is validated through extensive simulations and real-world data collected using a millimeter-wave (mmWave) imaging radar operating in the Linear Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (LFMCW) mode.
format Article
id doaj-art-ef337fca0e7848968ba496bd35cc5ce2
institution Kabale University
issn 1424-8220
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Sensors
spelling doaj-art-ef337fca0e7848968ba496bd35cc5ce22025-08-20T03:47:57ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202025-05-012510302910.3390/s25103029A Novel Algorithm for Adaptive Detection and Tracking of Extended Targets Using Millimeter-Wave Imaging RadarGe Zhang0Weimin Shi1Xiaofeng Shen2Qilong Miao3Chenfei Xie4Lu Chen5School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, ChinaSchool of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, ChinaSchool of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, ChinaSchool of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, ChinaSchool of Aeronautics and Astronautics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, ChinaA high-resolution imaging radar is exceptionally well-suited for the detection and perception of extended targets (ETs), as it provides a comprehensive representation of the spatial distribution of target scattering characteristics. In this work, we propose an adaptive detection and tracking framework for non-cooperative ETs based on radar imaging. The framework leverages the statistical properties of ETs in radar imaging to construct a target distribution model and introduces an adaptive ET detection and tracking algorithm based on Scattering Point Shift (SPS). This algorithm is designed to track ETs with internal motion characterized by multiple scattering points. The initial target distribution is estimated using two-dimensional kernel density estimation (2D-KDE). Compared to existing ET tracking algorithms, the proposed SPS method demonstrates superior universality in accommodating diverse scattering point distributions and integrates detection and tracking into a unified process, thereby significantly improving information utilization efficiency. The effectiveness of the algorithm is validated through extensive simulations and real-world data collected using a millimeter-wave (mmWave) imaging radar operating in the Linear Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (LFMCW) mode.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/10/3029high-resolution imaging radarextended targetscattering point shiftadaptive detection and tracking
spellingShingle Ge Zhang
Weimin Shi
Xiaofeng Shen
Qilong Miao
Chenfei Xie
Lu Chen
A Novel Algorithm for Adaptive Detection and Tracking of Extended Targets Using Millimeter-Wave Imaging Radar
Sensors
high-resolution imaging radar
extended target
scattering point shift
adaptive detection and tracking
title A Novel Algorithm for Adaptive Detection and Tracking of Extended Targets Using Millimeter-Wave Imaging Radar
title_full A Novel Algorithm for Adaptive Detection and Tracking of Extended Targets Using Millimeter-Wave Imaging Radar
title_fullStr A Novel Algorithm for Adaptive Detection and Tracking of Extended Targets Using Millimeter-Wave Imaging Radar
title_full_unstemmed A Novel Algorithm for Adaptive Detection and Tracking of Extended Targets Using Millimeter-Wave Imaging Radar
title_short A Novel Algorithm for Adaptive Detection and Tracking of Extended Targets Using Millimeter-Wave Imaging Radar
title_sort novel algorithm for adaptive detection and tracking of extended targets using millimeter wave imaging radar
topic high-resolution imaging radar
extended target
scattering point shift
adaptive detection and tracking
url https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/10/3029
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