The Good, the Bad, and the Fungus: Insights into the Relationship Between Plants, Fungi, and Oomycetes in Hydroponics
Hydroponic systems are examples of controlled environment agriculture (CEA) and present a promising alternative to traditional farming methods by increasing productivity, profitability, and sustainability. In hydroponic systems, crops are grown in the absence of soil and thus lack the native soil mi...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-12-01
|
| Series: | Biology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/13/12/1014 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850041628716171264 |
|---|---|
| author | Grace C. S. Laevens William C. Dolson Michelle M. Drapeau Soufiane Telhig Sarah E. Ruffell Danielle M. Rose Bernard R. Glick Ashley A. Stegelmeier |
| author_facet | Grace C. S. Laevens William C. Dolson Michelle M. Drapeau Soufiane Telhig Sarah E. Ruffell Danielle M. Rose Bernard R. Glick Ashley A. Stegelmeier |
| author_sort | Grace C. S. Laevens |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hydroponic systems are examples of controlled environment agriculture (CEA) and present a promising alternative to traditional farming methods by increasing productivity, profitability, and sustainability. In hydroponic systems, crops are grown in the absence of soil and thus lack the native soil microbial community. This review focuses on fungi and oomycetes, both beneficial and pathogenic, that can colonize crops and persist in hydroponic systems. The symptomatology and mechanisms of pathogenesis for <i>Botrytis</i>, <i>Colletotrichum</i>, <i>Fulvia</i>, <i>Fusarium</i>, <i>Phytophthora</i>, <i>Pythium</i>, and <i>Sclerotinia</i> are explored for phytopathogenic fungi that target floral organs, leaves, roots, and vasculature of economically important hydroponic crops. Additionally, this review thoroughly explores the use of plant growth-promoting fungi (PGPF) to combat phytopathogens and increase hydroponic crop productivity; details of PGP strategies and mechanisms are discussed. The benefits of <i>Aspergillus</i>, <i>Penicillium</i>, <i>Taloromyces</i>, and <i>Trichoderma</i> to hydroponics systems are explored in detail. The culmination of these areas of research serves to improve the current understanding of the role of beneficial and pathogenic fungi, specifically in the hydroponic microbiome. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ef2fa6e85cdd40b0ba0346e927bc9c96 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj-art-ef2fa6e85cdd40b0ba0346e927bc9c962025-08-20T02:55:44ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372024-12-011312101410.3390/biology13121014The Good, the Bad, and the Fungus: Insights into the Relationship Between Plants, Fungi, and Oomycetes in HydroponicsGrace C. S. Laevens0William C. Dolson1Michelle M. Drapeau2Soufiane Telhig3Sarah E. Ruffell4Danielle M. Rose5Bernard R. Glick6Ashley A. Stegelmeier7Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, CanadaDepartment of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, CanadaDepartment of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, CanadaCeragen Inc., 151 Charles St W, Suite 199, Kitchener, ON N2G 1H6, CanadaDepartment of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, CanadaCeragen Inc., 151 Charles St W, Suite 199, Kitchener, ON N2G 1H6, CanadaDepartment of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, CanadaCeragen Inc., 151 Charles St W, Suite 199, Kitchener, ON N2G 1H6, CanadaHydroponic systems are examples of controlled environment agriculture (CEA) and present a promising alternative to traditional farming methods by increasing productivity, profitability, and sustainability. In hydroponic systems, crops are grown in the absence of soil and thus lack the native soil microbial community. This review focuses on fungi and oomycetes, both beneficial and pathogenic, that can colonize crops and persist in hydroponic systems. The symptomatology and mechanisms of pathogenesis for <i>Botrytis</i>, <i>Colletotrichum</i>, <i>Fulvia</i>, <i>Fusarium</i>, <i>Phytophthora</i>, <i>Pythium</i>, and <i>Sclerotinia</i> are explored for phytopathogenic fungi that target floral organs, leaves, roots, and vasculature of economically important hydroponic crops. Additionally, this review thoroughly explores the use of plant growth-promoting fungi (PGPF) to combat phytopathogens and increase hydroponic crop productivity; details of PGP strategies and mechanisms are discussed. The benefits of <i>Aspergillus</i>, <i>Penicillium</i>, <i>Taloromyces</i>, and <i>Trichoderma</i> to hydroponics systems are explored in detail. The culmination of these areas of research serves to improve the current understanding of the role of beneficial and pathogenic fungi, specifically in the hydroponic microbiome.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/13/12/1014hydroponicsfungifungal microbiomefood productionoomycetescontrolled environment agriculture |
| spellingShingle | Grace C. S. Laevens William C. Dolson Michelle M. Drapeau Soufiane Telhig Sarah E. Ruffell Danielle M. Rose Bernard R. Glick Ashley A. Stegelmeier The Good, the Bad, and the Fungus: Insights into the Relationship Between Plants, Fungi, and Oomycetes in Hydroponics Biology hydroponics fungi fungal microbiome food production oomycetes controlled environment agriculture |
| title | The Good, the Bad, and the Fungus: Insights into the Relationship Between Plants, Fungi, and Oomycetes in Hydroponics |
| title_full | The Good, the Bad, and the Fungus: Insights into the Relationship Between Plants, Fungi, and Oomycetes in Hydroponics |
| title_fullStr | The Good, the Bad, and the Fungus: Insights into the Relationship Between Plants, Fungi, and Oomycetes in Hydroponics |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Good, the Bad, and the Fungus: Insights into the Relationship Between Plants, Fungi, and Oomycetes in Hydroponics |
| title_short | The Good, the Bad, and the Fungus: Insights into the Relationship Between Plants, Fungi, and Oomycetes in Hydroponics |
| title_sort | good the bad and the fungus insights into the relationship between plants fungi and oomycetes in hydroponics |
| topic | hydroponics fungi fungal microbiome food production oomycetes controlled environment agriculture |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/13/12/1014 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT gracecslaevens thegoodthebadandthefungusinsightsintotherelationshipbetweenplantsfungiandoomycetesinhydroponics AT williamcdolson thegoodthebadandthefungusinsightsintotherelationshipbetweenplantsfungiandoomycetesinhydroponics AT michellemdrapeau thegoodthebadandthefungusinsightsintotherelationshipbetweenplantsfungiandoomycetesinhydroponics AT soufianetelhig thegoodthebadandthefungusinsightsintotherelationshipbetweenplantsfungiandoomycetesinhydroponics AT saraheruffell thegoodthebadandthefungusinsightsintotherelationshipbetweenplantsfungiandoomycetesinhydroponics AT daniellemrose thegoodthebadandthefungusinsightsintotherelationshipbetweenplantsfungiandoomycetesinhydroponics AT bernardrglick thegoodthebadandthefungusinsightsintotherelationshipbetweenplantsfungiandoomycetesinhydroponics AT ashleyastegelmeier thegoodthebadandthefungusinsightsintotherelationshipbetweenplantsfungiandoomycetesinhydroponics AT gracecslaevens goodthebadandthefungusinsightsintotherelationshipbetweenplantsfungiandoomycetesinhydroponics AT williamcdolson goodthebadandthefungusinsightsintotherelationshipbetweenplantsfungiandoomycetesinhydroponics AT michellemdrapeau goodthebadandthefungusinsightsintotherelationshipbetweenplantsfungiandoomycetesinhydroponics AT soufianetelhig goodthebadandthefungusinsightsintotherelationshipbetweenplantsfungiandoomycetesinhydroponics AT saraheruffell goodthebadandthefungusinsightsintotherelationshipbetweenplantsfungiandoomycetesinhydroponics AT daniellemrose goodthebadandthefungusinsightsintotherelationshipbetweenplantsfungiandoomycetesinhydroponics AT bernardrglick goodthebadandthefungusinsightsintotherelationshipbetweenplantsfungiandoomycetesinhydroponics AT ashleyastegelmeier goodthebadandthefungusinsightsintotherelationshipbetweenplantsfungiandoomycetesinhydroponics |