The Effect of Oral Care Product Ingredients on Oral Pathogenic Bacteria Transcriptomics Through RNA-Seq
Various ingredients are utilized to inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria associated with cavities, gum disease, and bad breath. However, the precise mechanisms by which these ingredients affect the oral microbiome have not been fully understood at the molecular level. To elucidate the molecular me...
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/12/2668 |
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| author | Ping Hu Sancai Xie Baochen Shi Cheryl S. Tansky Benjamin Circello Paul A. Sagel Eva Schneiderman Aaron R. Biesbrock |
| author_facet | Ping Hu Sancai Xie Baochen Shi Cheryl S. Tansky Benjamin Circello Paul A. Sagel Eva Schneiderman Aaron R. Biesbrock |
| author_sort | Ping Hu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Various ingredients are utilized to inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria associated with cavities, gum disease, and bad breath. However, the precise mechanisms by which these ingredients affect the oral microbiome have not been fully understood at the molecular level. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms, a high-throughput bacterial transcriptomics study was conducted, and the gene expression profiles of six common oral bacteria, including two Gram-positive bacteria (<i>Actinomyces viscosus</i>, <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>) and four Gram-negative bacteria (<i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>, <i>Tannerella forsythia</i>, <i>Fusobacterium nucleatum</i>, and <i>Prevotella pallens</i>), were analyzed. The bacteria were exposed to nine common ingredients in toothpaste and mouthwash at different concentrations (stannous fluoride, stannous chloride, arginine bicarbonate, cetylpyridinium chloride, sodium monofluorophosphate, sodium fluoride, potassium nitrate, zinc phosphate, and hydrogen peroxide). Across 78 ingredient–microorganism pairs with 360 treatment–control combinations, significant and reproducible ingredient-based transcriptional response profiles were observed, providing valuable insights into the effects of these ingredients on the oral microbiome at the molecular level. This research shows that oral care product ingredients applied at biologically relevant concentrations manifest differential effects on the transcriptomics of bacterial genes in a variety of oral periodontal pathogenic bacteria. Stannous fluoride, stannous chloride, and cetylpyridinium chloride showed the most robust efficacy in inhibiting the growth or gene expression of various bacteria and pathogenic pathways. Combining multiple ingredients targeting different mechanisms might be more efficient than single ingredients in complex oral microbiomes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ef2f801d6ef54f6bb046ac4893e30ed0 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj-art-ef2f801d6ef54f6bb046ac4893e30ed02025-08-20T02:01:06ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072024-12-011212266810.3390/microorganisms12122668The Effect of Oral Care Product Ingredients on Oral Pathogenic Bacteria Transcriptomics Through RNA-SeqPing Hu0Sancai Xie1Baochen Shi2Cheryl S. Tansky3Benjamin Circello4Paul A. Sagel5Eva Schneiderman6Aaron R. Biesbrock7Discovery & Innovation Platforms, The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH 45202, USADiscovery & Innovation Platforms, The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH 45202, USADiscovery & Innovation Platforms, The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH 45202, USABaby Care Clinical Group, The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH 45202, USADiscovery & Innovation Platforms, The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH 45202, USAOral Care Product Development, The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH 45202, USAOral Care Product Development, The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH 45202, USAOral Care Product Development, The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH 45202, USAVarious ingredients are utilized to inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria associated with cavities, gum disease, and bad breath. However, the precise mechanisms by which these ingredients affect the oral microbiome have not been fully understood at the molecular level. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms, a high-throughput bacterial transcriptomics study was conducted, and the gene expression profiles of six common oral bacteria, including two Gram-positive bacteria (<i>Actinomyces viscosus</i>, <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>) and four Gram-negative bacteria (<i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>, <i>Tannerella forsythia</i>, <i>Fusobacterium nucleatum</i>, and <i>Prevotella pallens</i>), were analyzed. The bacteria were exposed to nine common ingredients in toothpaste and mouthwash at different concentrations (stannous fluoride, stannous chloride, arginine bicarbonate, cetylpyridinium chloride, sodium monofluorophosphate, sodium fluoride, potassium nitrate, zinc phosphate, and hydrogen peroxide). Across 78 ingredient–microorganism pairs with 360 treatment–control combinations, significant and reproducible ingredient-based transcriptional response profiles were observed, providing valuable insights into the effects of these ingredients on the oral microbiome at the molecular level. This research shows that oral care product ingredients applied at biologically relevant concentrations manifest differential effects on the transcriptomics of bacterial genes in a variety of oral periodontal pathogenic bacteria. Stannous fluoride, stannous chloride, and cetylpyridinium chloride showed the most robust efficacy in inhibiting the growth or gene expression of various bacteria and pathogenic pathways. Combining multiple ingredients targeting different mechanisms might be more efficient than single ingredients in complex oral microbiomes.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/12/2668oral caretranscriptomicspathogenbacteriaRNA-Seqstannous fluoride |
| spellingShingle | Ping Hu Sancai Xie Baochen Shi Cheryl S. Tansky Benjamin Circello Paul A. Sagel Eva Schneiderman Aaron R. Biesbrock The Effect of Oral Care Product Ingredients on Oral Pathogenic Bacteria Transcriptomics Through RNA-Seq Microorganisms oral care transcriptomics pathogen bacteria RNA-Seq stannous fluoride |
| title | The Effect of Oral Care Product Ingredients on Oral Pathogenic Bacteria Transcriptomics Through RNA-Seq |
| title_full | The Effect of Oral Care Product Ingredients on Oral Pathogenic Bacteria Transcriptomics Through RNA-Seq |
| title_fullStr | The Effect of Oral Care Product Ingredients on Oral Pathogenic Bacteria Transcriptomics Through RNA-Seq |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of Oral Care Product Ingredients on Oral Pathogenic Bacteria Transcriptomics Through RNA-Seq |
| title_short | The Effect of Oral Care Product Ingredients on Oral Pathogenic Bacteria Transcriptomics Through RNA-Seq |
| title_sort | effect of oral care product ingredients on oral pathogenic bacteria transcriptomics through rna seq |
| topic | oral care transcriptomics pathogen bacteria RNA-Seq stannous fluoride |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/12/2668 |
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