Metabolic Impacts of Oral Contraceptives A Comprehensive Review of Current Evidence

Introduction and objective: Oral hormonal contraception (COC) is a highly popular, as well as extensive group of medications.  A significant impact of chronic COC therapy on parameters of lipid metabolism, carbohydrates, binding globulins, coagulation system and body weight of patients has been pro...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Karol Zagórski, Nina Skalska-Dziobek, Mateusz Kozik, Weronika Małagocka, Karolina Chybowska, Mateusz Orłowski, Maria Naruszewicz, Aleksandra Midro, Przemysław Cetnarowski
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń 2024-11-01
Series:Quality in Sport
Subjects:
Online Access:https://apcz.umk.pl/QS/article/view/55987
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850148276204994560
author Karol Zagórski
Nina Skalska-Dziobek
Mateusz Kozik
Weronika Małagocka
Karolina Chybowska
Mateusz Orłowski
Maria Naruszewicz
Aleksandra Midro
Przemysław Cetnarowski
author_facet Karol Zagórski
Nina Skalska-Dziobek
Mateusz Kozik
Weronika Małagocka
Karolina Chybowska
Mateusz Orłowski
Maria Naruszewicz
Aleksandra Midro
Przemysław Cetnarowski
author_sort Karol Zagórski
collection DOAJ
description Introduction and objective: Oral hormonal contraception (COC) is a highly popular, as well as extensive group of medications.  A significant impact of chronic COC therapy on parameters of lipid metabolism, carbohydrates, binding globulins, coagulation system and body weight of patients has been proven. Given the continuously increasing number of women using COC, initiating therapy at progressively younger ages it is reasonable to investigate the impact of individual medications on patients’ organisms completing knowledge with conclusions from newly conducted research, as well as the influence of new types of drugs on the studied indicators. Material and method: The literature was reviewed in the Pubmed database, GoogleScholar, the positions of the Polish gynecological society with the use of keywords. State of knowledge: The use of COC is widespread among women. According to the citied studies, over 80% of premenopausal women have declared using oral contraceptives. Typically, COCs consist of a combination of estrogen and progestin components, offering various possible combinations and dosing regimens. Despite their high efficacy in preventing pregnancy, their impact on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, as well as consequences remains incompletely understood. Older generations of progestins, due to their similarity to testosterone, can cause negative androgenic effects, while more recent progestins are expected to be neutral. Summary: Each type of therapy is characterized by individual impact on the patients’ organism, however, the majority of progestins affect the increase of triglycerides, HDL and have ambiguous effect on LDL. COC has a limited influence on BMI, carbohydrate metabolism, coagulation system and glycemia.
format Article
id doaj-art-ef1fd8a47b1c410b8e07fc06780f25fa
institution OA Journals
issn 2450-3118
language English
publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń
record_format Article
series Quality in Sport
spelling doaj-art-ef1fd8a47b1c410b8e07fc06780f25fa2025-08-20T02:27:18ZengNicolaus Copernicus University in ToruńQuality in Sport2450-31182024-11-013410.12775/QS.2024.34.55987Metabolic Impacts of Oral Contraceptives A Comprehensive Review of Current EvidenceKarol Zagórski0Nina Skalska-Dziobek1Mateusz Kozik2Weronika Małagocka3Karolina Chybowska4Mateusz Orłowski 5Maria Naruszewicz6Aleksandra Midro7Przemysław Cetnarowski8Edward Szczeklik Specialist Hospital in Tarnów, PolandEdward Szczeklik Specialist Hospital in Tarnów, PolandStefan Żeromski Specialist Hospital in Cracow, PolandStefan Żeromski Specialist Hospital in Cracow, PolandUniversity Clinical Hospital in Bialystok, PolandHospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration in Cracow, PolandUniversity Hospital in Cracow, PolandUniversity Hospital in Cracow, PolandGabriel Narutowicz Specialist Municipal Hospital in Cracow, Poland Introduction and objective: Oral hormonal contraception (COC) is a highly popular, as well as extensive group of medications.  A significant impact of chronic COC therapy on parameters of lipid metabolism, carbohydrates, binding globulins, coagulation system and body weight of patients has been proven. Given the continuously increasing number of women using COC, initiating therapy at progressively younger ages it is reasonable to investigate the impact of individual medications on patients’ organisms completing knowledge with conclusions from newly conducted research, as well as the influence of new types of drugs on the studied indicators. Material and method: The literature was reviewed in the Pubmed database, GoogleScholar, the positions of the Polish gynecological society with the use of keywords. State of knowledge: The use of COC is widespread among women. According to the citied studies, over 80% of premenopausal women have declared using oral contraceptives. Typically, COCs consist of a combination of estrogen and progestin components, offering various possible combinations and dosing regimens. Despite their high efficacy in preventing pregnancy, their impact on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, as well as consequences remains incompletely understood. Older generations of progestins, due to their similarity to testosterone, can cause negative androgenic effects, while more recent progestins are expected to be neutral. Summary: Each type of therapy is characterized by individual impact on the patients’ organism, however, the majority of progestins affect the increase of triglycerides, HDL and have ambiguous effect on LDL. COC has a limited influence on BMI, carbohydrate metabolism, coagulation system and glycemia. https://apcz.umk.pl/QS/article/view/55987carbohydrate metabolismlipoproteinslipidsOral contraceptive
spellingShingle Karol Zagórski
Nina Skalska-Dziobek
Mateusz Kozik
Weronika Małagocka
Karolina Chybowska
Mateusz Orłowski
Maria Naruszewicz
Aleksandra Midro
Przemysław Cetnarowski
Metabolic Impacts of Oral Contraceptives A Comprehensive Review of Current Evidence
Quality in Sport
carbohydrate metabolism
lipoproteins
lipids
Oral contraceptive
title Metabolic Impacts of Oral Contraceptives A Comprehensive Review of Current Evidence
title_full Metabolic Impacts of Oral Contraceptives A Comprehensive Review of Current Evidence
title_fullStr Metabolic Impacts of Oral Contraceptives A Comprehensive Review of Current Evidence
title_full_unstemmed Metabolic Impacts of Oral Contraceptives A Comprehensive Review of Current Evidence
title_short Metabolic Impacts of Oral Contraceptives A Comprehensive Review of Current Evidence
title_sort metabolic impacts of oral contraceptives a comprehensive review of current evidence
topic carbohydrate metabolism
lipoproteins
lipids
Oral contraceptive
url https://apcz.umk.pl/QS/article/view/55987
work_keys_str_mv AT karolzagorski metabolicimpactsoforalcontraceptivesacomprehensivereviewofcurrentevidence
AT ninaskalskadziobek metabolicimpactsoforalcontraceptivesacomprehensivereviewofcurrentevidence
AT mateuszkozik metabolicimpactsoforalcontraceptivesacomprehensivereviewofcurrentevidence
AT weronikamałagocka metabolicimpactsoforalcontraceptivesacomprehensivereviewofcurrentevidence
AT karolinachybowska metabolicimpactsoforalcontraceptivesacomprehensivereviewofcurrentevidence
AT mateuszorłowski metabolicimpactsoforalcontraceptivesacomprehensivereviewofcurrentevidence
AT marianaruszewicz metabolicimpactsoforalcontraceptivesacomprehensivereviewofcurrentevidence
AT aleksandramidro metabolicimpactsoforalcontraceptivesacomprehensivereviewofcurrentevidence
AT przemysławcetnarowski metabolicimpactsoforalcontraceptivesacomprehensivereviewofcurrentevidence