Clinical Correlation Between Antihypercholesterolemic and Antihypertensive Drugs with Oral Lichenoid Lesions: Literature Review and Preliminary Retrospective Analysis

Despite extensive research, the exact cause of oral lichenoid lesions remains unknown. The chronic inflammatory tissue reaction mediated by T cells is the basis of the etiological process. However, oral lichenoid lesions often occur in the presence of certain drugs. Our aim was to conduct a prelimin...

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Main Authors: Daniele Pergolini, Mohamed Mohsen, Federica Basile, Flaminia Marini Grassetti, Gaspare Palaia, Gianluca Tenore, Umberto Romeo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Applied Sciences
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/7/3750
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author Daniele Pergolini
Mohamed Mohsen
Federica Basile
Flaminia Marini Grassetti
Gaspare Palaia
Gianluca Tenore
Umberto Romeo
author_facet Daniele Pergolini
Mohamed Mohsen
Federica Basile
Flaminia Marini Grassetti
Gaspare Palaia
Gianluca Tenore
Umberto Romeo
author_sort Daniele Pergolini
collection DOAJ
description Despite extensive research, the exact cause of oral lichenoid lesions remains unknown. The chronic inflammatory tissue reaction mediated by T cells is the basis of the etiological process. However, oral lichenoid lesions often occur in the presence of certain drugs. Our aim was to conduct a preliminary retrospective study to assess the correlation between the administration of statins or HMG-inhibitor CoA reductase, which are commonly used for treating hypercholesterolemia, and the sartans or blockers of the angiotensin II receptor, which are used for treating hypertension, in relation to the occurrence of oral lichenoid lesions. This preliminary retrospective study included 2158 patients who attended the Oral Medicine and Maxillofacial Surgery (Mo-Max) Department of Oral Science and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, from 2019 to 2022. A significant association was found between the presence of oral lichenoid lesions and the simultaneous administration of sartans and statins (χ<sup>2</sup> = 46.49; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Of the 2158 patients, 118 (5.5%) were diagnosed with oral lichenoid lesions. In the analysis of standardized residues, we found that pathology developed in 16.3% of patients taking statins and 15.9% of those taking sartans. Oral lichenoid lesions only developed in 4.4% of those not taking these drugs.
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spelling doaj-art-ef0087d9a2a9443fb0f282efc1f121a32025-08-20T03:08:44ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-03-01157375010.3390/app15073750Clinical Correlation Between Antihypercholesterolemic and Antihypertensive Drugs with Oral Lichenoid Lesions: Literature Review and Preliminary Retrospective AnalysisDaniele Pergolini0Mohamed Mohsen1Federica Basile2Flaminia Marini Grassetti3Gaspare Palaia4Gianluca Tenore5Umberto Romeo6Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyDespite extensive research, the exact cause of oral lichenoid lesions remains unknown. The chronic inflammatory tissue reaction mediated by T cells is the basis of the etiological process. However, oral lichenoid lesions often occur in the presence of certain drugs. Our aim was to conduct a preliminary retrospective study to assess the correlation between the administration of statins or HMG-inhibitor CoA reductase, which are commonly used for treating hypercholesterolemia, and the sartans or blockers of the angiotensin II receptor, which are used for treating hypertension, in relation to the occurrence of oral lichenoid lesions. This preliminary retrospective study included 2158 patients who attended the Oral Medicine and Maxillofacial Surgery (Mo-Max) Department of Oral Science and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, from 2019 to 2022. A significant association was found between the presence of oral lichenoid lesions and the simultaneous administration of sartans and statins (χ<sup>2</sup> = 46.49; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Of the 2158 patients, 118 (5.5%) were diagnosed with oral lichenoid lesions. In the analysis of standardized residues, we found that pathology developed in 16.3% of patients taking statins and 15.9% of those taking sartans. Oral lichenoid lesions only developed in 4.4% of those not taking these drugs.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/7/3750oral lichenoid lesionsdrugsstatinssartansantihypertensive drugsantihypercholesterolemia drugs
spellingShingle Daniele Pergolini
Mohamed Mohsen
Federica Basile
Flaminia Marini Grassetti
Gaspare Palaia
Gianluca Tenore
Umberto Romeo
Clinical Correlation Between Antihypercholesterolemic and Antihypertensive Drugs with Oral Lichenoid Lesions: Literature Review and Preliminary Retrospective Analysis
Applied Sciences
oral lichenoid lesions
drugs
statins
sartans
antihypertensive drugs
antihypercholesterolemia drugs
title Clinical Correlation Between Antihypercholesterolemic and Antihypertensive Drugs with Oral Lichenoid Lesions: Literature Review and Preliminary Retrospective Analysis
title_full Clinical Correlation Between Antihypercholesterolemic and Antihypertensive Drugs with Oral Lichenoid Lesions: Literature Review and Preliminary Retrospective Analysis
title_fullStr Clinical Correlation Between Antihypercholesterolemic and Antihypertensive Drugs with Oral Lichenoid Lesions: Literature Review and Preliminary Retrospective Analysis
title_full_unstemmed Clinical Correlation Between Antihypercholesterolemic and Antihypertensive Drugs with Oral Lichenoid Lesions: Literature Review and Preliminary Retrospective Analysis
title_short Clinical Correlation Between Antihypercholesterolemic and Antihypertensive Drugs with Oral Lichenoid Lesions: Literature Review and Preliminary Retrospective Analysis
title_sort clinical correlation between antihypercholesterolemic and antihypertensive drugs with oral lichenoid lesions literature review and preliminary retrospective analysis
topic oral lichenoid lesions
drugs
statins
sartans
antihypertensive drugs
antihypercholesterolemia drugs
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/7/3750
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