Post-Translational Modifications of Proteins Orchestrate All Hallmarks of Cancer
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins dynamically build the buffering and adapting interface between oncogenic mutations and environmental stressors, on the one hand, and cancer cell structure, functioning, and behavior. Aberrant PTMs can be considered as enabling characteristics of ca...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Pathea Shawnae Bruno Aneeta Arshad Maria-Raluca Gogu Natalie Waterman Rylie Flack Kimberly Dunn Costel C. Darie Anca-Narcisa Neagu |
| author_facet | Pathea Shawnae Bruno Aneeta Arshad Maria-Raluca Gogu Natalie Waterman Rylie Flack Kimberly Dunn Costel C. Darie Anca-Narcisa Neagu |
| author_sort | Pathea Shawnae Bruno |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins dynamically build the buffering and adapting interface between oncogenic mutations and environmental stressors, on the one hand, and cancer cell structure, functioning, and behavior. Aberrant PTMs can be considered as enabling characteristics of cancer as long as they orchestrate all malignant modifications and variability in the proteome of cancer cells, cancer-associated cells, and tumor microenvironment (TME). On the other hand, PTMs of proteins can enhance anticancer mechanisms in the tumoral ecosystem or sustain the beneficial effects of oncologic therapies through degradation or inactivation of carcinogenic proteins or/and activation of tumor-suppressor proteins. In this review, we summarized and analyzed a wide spectrum of PTMs of proteins involved in all regulatory mechanisms that drive tumorigenesis, genetic instability, epigenetic reprogramming, all events of the metastatic cascade, cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, angiogenesis, immune response, tumor-associated microbiome, and metabolism rewiring as the most important hallmarks of cancer. All cancer hallmarks develop due to PTMs of proteins, which modulate gene transcription, intracellular and extracellular signaling, protein size, activity, stability and localization, trafficking, secretion, intracellular protein degradation or half-life, and protein–protein interactions (PPIs). PTMs associated with cancer can be exploited to better understand the underlying molecular mechanisms of this heterogeneous and chameleonic disease, find new biomarkers of cancer progression and prognosis, personalize oncotherapies, and discover new targets for drug development. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-eede717966c64fa3bc86aea159aeaa9d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2075-1729 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Life |
| spelling | doaj-art-eede717966c64fa3bc86aea159aeaa9d2025-01-24T13:38:53ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292025-01-0115112610.3390/life15010126Post-Translational Modifications of Proteins Orchestrate All Hallmarks of CancerPathea Shawnae Bruno0Aneeta Arshad1Maria-Raluca Gogu2Natalie Waterman3Rylie Flack4Kimberly Dunn5Costel C. Darie6Anca-Narcisa Neagu7Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USABiochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USAAdvanced Research and Development Center for Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street No. 16, 700115 Iasi, RomaniaBiochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USABiochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USABiochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USABiochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USALaboratory of Animal Histology, Faculty of Biology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iași, Carol I bvd. 20A, 700505 Iasi, RomaniaPost-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins dynamically build the buffering and adapting interface between oncogenic mutations and environmental stressors, on the one hand, and cancer cell structure, functioning, and behavior. Aberrant PTMs can be considered as enabling characteristics of cancer as long as they orchestrate all malignant modifications and variability in the proteome of cancer cells, cancer-associated cells, and tumor microenvironment (TME). On the other hand, PTMs of proteins can enhance anticancer mechanisms in the tumoral ecosystem or sustain the beneficial effects of oncologic therapies through degradation or inactivation of carcinogenic proteins or/and activation of tumor-suppressor proteins. In this review, we summarized and analyzed a wide spectrum of PTMs of proteins involved in all regulatory mechanisms that drive tumorigenesis, genetic instability, epigenetic reprogramming, all events of the metastatic cascade, cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, angiogenesis, immune response, tumor-associated microbiome, and metabolism rewiring as the most important hallmarks of cancer. All cancer hallmarks develop due to PTMs of proteins, which modulate gene transcription, intracellular and extracellular signaling, protein size, activity, stability and localization, trafficking, secretion, intracellular protein degradation or half-life, and protein–protein interactions (PPIs). PTMs associated with cancer can be exploited to better understand the underlying molecular mechanisms of this heterogeneous and chameleonic disease, find new biomarkers of cancer progression and prognosis, personalize oncotherapies, and discover new targets for drug development.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15/1/126cancerhallmarksenabling characteristicspost-translational modifications of proteins (PTMs)protein subcellular localizationprotein activity |
| spellingShingle | Pathea Shawnae Bruno Aneeta Arshad Maria-Raluca Gogu Natalie Waterman Rylie Flack Kimberly Dunn Costel C. Darie Anca-Narcisa Neagu Post-Translational Modifications of Proteins Orchestrate All Hallmarks of Cancer Life cancer hallmarks enabling characteristics post-translational modifications of proteins (PTMs) protein subcellular localization protein activity |
| title | Post-Translational Modifications of Proteins Orchestrate All Hallmarks of Cancer |
| title_full | Post-Translational Modifications of Proteins Orchestrate All Hallmarks of Cancer |
| title_fullStr | Post-Translational Modifications of Proteins Orchestrate All Hallmarks of Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Post-Translational Modifications of Proteins Orchestrate All Hallmarks of Cancer |
| title_short | Post-Translational Modifications of Proteins Orchestrate All Hallmarks of Cancer |
| title_sort | post translational modifications of proteins orchestrate all hallmarks of cancer |
| topic | cancer hallmarks enabling characteristics post-translational modifications of proteins (PTMs) protein subcellular localization protein activity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15/1/126 |
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