Precision agriculture technologies for soil site-specific nutrient management: A comprehensive review

Amidst the growing food demands of an increasing population, agricultural intensification frequently depends on excessive chemical and fertilizer applications. While this approach initially boosts crop yields, it effects long-term sustainability through soil degradation and compromised food quality....

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Main Authors: Niharika Vullaganti, Billy G. Ram, Xin Sun
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. 2025-06-01
Series:Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589721725000200
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author Niharika Vullaganti
Billy G. Ram
Xin Sun
author_facet Niharika Vullaganti
Billy G. Ram
Xin Sun
author_sort Niharika Vullaganti
collection DOAJ
description Amidst the growing food demands of an increasing population, agricultural intensification frequently depends on excessive chemical and fertilizer applications. While this approach initially boosts crop yields, it effects long-term sustainability through soil degradation and compromised food quality. Thus, prioritizing soil health while enhancing crop production is essential for sustainable food production. Site-Specific Nutrient Management (SSNM) emerges as a critical strategy to increase crop production, maintain soil health, and reduce environmental pollution. Despite its potential, the application of SSNM technologies remain limited in farmers' fields due to existing research gaps. This review critically analyzes and presents research conducted in SSNM in the past 11 years (2013–2024), identifying gaps and future research directions. A comprehensive study of 97 relevant research publications reveals several key findings: a) Electrochemical sensing and spectroscopy are the two widely explored areas in SSNM research, b) Despite numerous technologies in SSNM, each has its own limitation, preventing any single technology from being ideal, c) The selection of models and preprocessing techniques significantly impacts nutrient prediction accuracy, d) No single sensor or sensor combination can predict all soil properties, as suitability is highly attribute-specific. This review provides researchers, and technical personnel in precision agriculture, and farmers with detailed insights into SSNM research, its implementation, limitations, challenges, and future research directions.
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spelling doaj-art-eeced85ca7a9493288221caba5c4e9182025-08-20T02:54:11ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture2589-72172025-06-0115214716110.1016/j.aiia.2025.02.001Precision agriculture technologies for soil site-specific nutrient management: A comprehensive reviewNiharika Vullaganti0Billy G. Ram1Xin Sun2Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USADepartment of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USACorresponding author.; Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USAAmidst the growing food demands of an increasing population, agricultural intensification frequently depends on excessive chemical and fertilizer applications. While this approach initially boosts crop yields, it effects long-term sustainability through soil degradation and compromised food quality. Thus, prioritizing soil health while enhancing crop production is essential for sustainable food production. Site-Specific Nutrient Management (SSNM) emerges as a critical strategy to increase crop production, maintain soil health, and reduce environmental pollution. Despite its potential, the application of SSNM technologies remain limited in farmers' fields due to existing research gaps. This review critically analyzes and presents research conducted in SSNM in the past 11 years (2013–2024), identifying gaps and future research directions. A comprehensive study of 97 relevant research publications reveals several key findings: a) Electrochemical sensing and spectroscopy are the two widely explored areas in SSNM research, b) Despite numerous technologies in SSNM, each has its own limitation, preventing any single technology from being ideal, c) The selection of models and preprocessing techniques significantly impacts nutrient prediction accuracy, d) No single sensor or sensor combination can predict all soil properties, as suitability is highly attribute-specific. This review provides researchers, and technical personnel in precision agriculture, and farmers with detailed insights into SSNM research, its implementation, limitations, challenges, and future research directions.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589721725000200ModelingOn-the go sensingSite-specific nutrient managementSoil nutrientsSpectroscopy
spellingShingle Niharika Vullaganti
Billy G. Ram
Xin Sun
Precision agriculture technologies for soil site-specific nutrient management: A comprehensive review
Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture
Modeling
On-the go sensing
Site-specific nutrient management
Soil nutrients
Spectroscopy
title Precision agriculture technologies for soil site-specific nutrient management: A comprehensive review
title_full Precision agriculture technologies for soil site-specific nutrient management: A comprehensive review
title_fullStr Precision agriculture technologies for soil site-specific nutrient management: A comprehensive review
title_full_unstemmed Precision agriculture technologies for soil site-specific nutrient management: A comprehensive review
title_short Precision agriculture technologies for soil site-specific nutrient management: A comprehensive review
title_sort precision agriculture technologies for soil site specific nutrient management a comprehensive review
topic Modeling
On-the go sensing
Site-specific nutrient management
Soil nutrients
Spectroscopy
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589721725000200
work_keys_str_mv AT niharikavullaganti precisionagriculturetechnologiesforsoilsitespecificnutrientmanagementacomprehensivereview
AT billygram precisionagriculturetechnologiesforsoilsitespecificnutrientmanagementacomprehensivereview
AT xinsun precisionagriculturetechnologiesforsoilsitespecificnutrientmanagementacomprehensivereview