Open-Label Phase 1/2 Study of Daratumumab-Based Desensitization Before Kidney Transplantation

Introduction: The safety and benefit of the anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody daratumumab, which induces lysis of antibody-producing plasma cells in sensitized patients prior to kidney transplantation, remain to be determined. Methods: A 2-phase (1 and 2), monocentric open-label study was conducted to e...

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Main Authors: Caroline Pilon, Nizar Joher, Cédric Usureau, Emmanuelle Boutin, Anna Boueilh, Jean-Luc Taupin, Allan Thiolat, José L. Cohen, Vissal David Kheav, Florence Canoui-Poitrine, Maryvonnick Carmagnat, Philippe Grimbert, Marie Matignon
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Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-11-01
Series:Kidney International Reports
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468024924019053
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author Caroline Pilon
Nizar Joher
Cédric Usureau
Emmanuelle Boutin
Anna Boueilh
Jean-Luc Taupin
Allan Thiolat
José L. Cohen
Vissal David Kheav
Florence Canoui-Poitrine
Maryvonnick Carmagnat
Philippe Grimbert
Marie Matignon
author_facet Caroline Pilon
Nizar Joher
Cédric Usureau
Emmanuelle Boutin
Anna Boueilh
Jean-Luc Taupin
Allan Thiolat
José L. Cohen
Vissal David Kheav
Florence Canoui-Poitrine
Maryvonnick Carmagnat
Philippe Grimbert
Marie Matignon
author_sort Caroline Pilon
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: The safety and benefit of the anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody daratumumab, which induces lysis of antibody-producing plasma cells in sensitized patients prior to kidney transplantation, remain to be determined. Methods: A 2-phase (1 and 2), monocentric open-label study was conducted to evaluate the month 6 (M6) safety and efficacy of daratumumab in kidney transplant candidates with calculated panel reactive antibody (cPRA) > 95%. In the first (safety) phase, we used 4-weekly escalating doses of daratumumab. Phase 2 tested desensitization with 8 weekly infusions of 16 mg/kg daratumumab. cPRA 10,000 was calculated considering only human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies with mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of > 10,000. Results: Nine patients were enrolled in phase 1 and 14 in phase 2. Safety analysis showed 4 serious non-treatment-emergent adverse events (non-TEAEs), 36 mild TEAEs, mostly infusion-related reactions, grade 1 and 2 (causing 2 temporary drug discontinuations), but no serious TEAEs. Significant reductions in anti-HLA antibodies were observed at month 3 (M3), with cPRA 10,000 (P = 0.003), number of anti-HLA (P < 0.001), maximum MFI (MFI max) (P = 0.053), and the sum of MFI (MFI sum) (P < 0.001), with complete return to baseline levels at month 12 (M12). At M6, 46.15% (19.22%–74.87%) and 76.92% (46.19%–94.96%) of patients showed sustained response (1% decrease in cPRA) for cPRA 2000 and 10,000, respectively. At month 1 (M1), immune cells (T-reg, CD8 + TEMRA, CD19 + CD138 + B cells, and NK cells) significantly decreased. At M3, other antibodies decreased significantly, but returned to baseline levels at M12, except for gamma globulins, without any infectious complications. Conclusion: The first use of daratumumab in desensitization demonstrated infusion-related adverse (AEs) events and rapid, albeit transient, reductions in anti-HLA antibodies, with less than 40% of durable responders, limiting its potential clinical use.
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spelling doaj-art-eeca4a74c5794623a771fd56fe7dbc142025-08-20T03:47:09ZengElsevierKidney International Reports2468-02492024-11-019113250326410.1016/j.ekir.2024.08.020Open-Label Phase 1/2 Study of Daratumumab-Based Desensitization Before Kidney TransplantationCaroline Pilon0Nizar Joher1Cédric Usureau2Emmanuelle Boutin3Anna Boueilh4Jean-Luc Taupin5Allan Thiolat6José L. Cohen7Vissal David Kheav8Florence Canoui-Poitrine9Maryvonnick Carmagnat10Philippe Grimbert11Marie Matignon12Universite Paris Est Creteil, INSERM IMRB U955, Créteil, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe hospitalo-universitaire Chenevier Mondor, Centre d’Investigation Clinique Biotherapy, Fédération hospitalo-Universitaire, Innovative therapy for immune disorders, Créteil, FranceDepartment of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe hospitalo-universitaire Chenevier Mondor, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Innovative therapy for immune disorders, Créteil, FranceLaboratoire d'Immunologie et Histocompatibilité, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France; INSERM UMR976, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Université de Paris-Cité, Paris, FranceUniversite Paris Est Creteil, INSERM IMRB U955, Créteil, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier, Public Health Department and URC, Créteil, FranceDepartment of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe hospitalo-universitaire Chenevier Mondor, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Innovative therapy for immune disorders, Créteil, FranceINSERM UMR976, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Université de Paris-Cité, Paris, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier, Public Health Department and URC, Créteil, FranceUniversite Paris Est Creteil, INSERM IMRB U955, Créteil, FranceUniversite Paris Est Creteil, INSERM IMRB U955, Créteil, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe hospitalo-universitaire Chenevier Mondor, Centre d’Investigation Clinique Biotherapy, Fédération hospitalo-Universitaire, Innovative therapy for immune disorders, Créteil, FranceINSERM UMR976, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Université de Paris-Cité, Paris, FranceUniversite Paris Est Creteil, INSERM IMRB U955, Créteil, France; Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Histocompatibilité, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, FranceINSERM UMR976, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Université de Paris-Cité, Paris, FranceUniversite Paris Est Creteil, INSERM IMRB U955, Créteil, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe hospitalo-universitaire Chenevier Mondor, Centre d’Investigation Clinique Biotherapy, Fédération hospitalo-Universitaire, Innovative therapy for immune disorders, Créteil, France; Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe hospitalo-universitaire Chenevier Mondor, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Innovative therapy for immune disorders, Créteil, FranceUniversite Paris Est Creteil, INSERM IMRB U955, Créteil, France; Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe hospitalo-universitaire Chenevier Mondor, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Innovative therapy for immune disorders, Créteil, France; Correspondence: Marie Matignon, Service de néphrologie transplantation, Hôpital Henri Mondor, 94000 Créteil, France.Introduction: The safety and benefit of the anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody daratumumab, which induces lysis of antibody-producing plasma cells in sensitized patients prior to kidney transplantation, remain to be determined. Methods: A 2-phase (1 and 2), monocentric open-label study was conducted to evaluate the month 6 (M6) safety and efficacy of daratumumab in kidney transplant candidates with calculated panel reactive antibody (cPRA) > 95%. In the first (safety) phase, we used 4-weekly escalating doses of daratumumab. Phase 2 tested desensitization with 8 weekly infusions of 16 mg/kg daratumumab. cPRA 10,000 was calculated considering only human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies with mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of > 10,000. Results: Nine patients were enrolled in phase 1 and 14 in phase 2. Safety analysis showed 4 serious non-treatment-emergent adverse events (non-TEAEs), 36 mild TEAEs, mostly infusion-related reactions, grade 1 and 2 (causing 2 temporary drug discontinuations), but no serious TEAEs. Significant reductions in anti-HLA antibodies were observed at month 3 (M3), with cPRA 10,000 (P = 0.003), number of anti-HLA (P < 0.001), maximum MFI (MFI max) (P = 0.053), and the sum of MFI (MFI sum) (P < 0.001), with complete return to baseline levels at month 12 (M12). At M6, 46.15% (19.22%–74.87%) and 76.92% (46.19%–94.96%) of patients showed sustained response (1% decrease in cPRA) for cPRA 2000 and 10,000, respectively. At month 1 (M1), immune cells (T-reg, CD8 + TEMRA, CD19 + CD138 + B cells, and NK cells) significantly decreased. At M3, other antibodies decreased significantly, but returned to baseline levels at M12, except for gamma globulins, without any infectious complications. Conclusion: The first use of daratumumab in desensitization demonstrated infusion-related adverse (AEs) events and rapid, albeit transient, reductions in anti-HLA antibodies, with less than 40% of durable responders, limiting its potential clinical use.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468024924019053lymphocytespharmacokineticstranslationaltransplantation
spellingShingle Caroline Pilon
Nizar Joher
Cédric Usureau
Emmanuelle Boutin
Anna Boueilh
Jean-Luc Taupin
Allan Thiolat
José L. Cohen
Vissal David Kheav
Florence Canoui-Poitrine
Maryvonnick Carmagnat
Philippe Grimbert
Marie Matignon
Open-Label Phase 1/2 Study of Daratumumab-Based Desensitization Before Kidney Transplantation
Kidney International Reports
lymphocytes
pharmacokinetics
translational
transplantation
title Open-Label Phase 1/2 Study of Daratumumab-Based Desensitization Before Kidney Transplantation
title_full Open-Label Phase 1/2 Study of Daratumumab-Based Desensitization Before Kidney Transplantation
title_fullStr Open-Label Phase 1/2 Study of Daratumumab-Based Desensitization Before Kidney Transplantation
title_full_unstemmed Open-Label Phase 1/2 Study of Daratumumab-Based Desensitization Before Kidney Transplantation
title_short Open-Label Phase 1/2 Study of Daratumumab-Based Desensitization Before Kidney Transplantation
title_sort open label phase 1 2 study of daratumumab based desensitization before kidney transplantation
topic lymphocytes
pharmacokinetics
translational
transplantation
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468024924019053
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