Adolescent and Young Adult Suicide and Self-harm: Exploring Changes in Risk Factors from 2016 to 2023

Introduction: From 2014 to 2022, the suicide rate among adolescents and young adults in Taiwan doubled. Self-harm is recognized as a significant risk factor for suicide. This study aimed to examine changes in the predisposing factors for suicide and self-harm in this population over time. Methods: W...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yu-Chin Chen, Po-Yu Chen, Che-Ming Chiang, Pin-Chien Sung, Ping-Yuan Chen, Ju-Hao Hsieh, Wei-Chun Tsai, Chung-Han Ho, Julie Chi Chow, Tu-Hsuan Chang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2025-07-01
Series:Asian Journal of Social Health and Behavior
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/shb.shb_368_24
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850225402260226048
author Yu-Chin Chen
Po-Yu Chen
Che-Ming Chiang
Pin-Chien Sung
Ping-Yuan Chen
Ju-Hao Hsieh
Wei-Chun Tsai
Chung-Han Ho
Julie Chi Chow
Tu-Hsuan Chang
author_facet Yu-Chin Chen
Po-Yu Chen
Che-Ming Chiang
Pin-Chien Sung
Ping-Yuan Chen
Ju-Hao Hsieh
Wei-Chun Tsai
Chung-Han Ho
Julie Chi Chow
Tu-Hsuan Chang
author_sort Yu-Chin Chen
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: From 2014 to 2022, the suicide rate among adolescents and young adults in Taiwan doubled. Self-harm is recognized as a significant risk factor for suicide. This study aimed to examine changes in the predisposing factors for suicide and self-harm in this population over time. Methods: We included individuals under 25 years of age who were reported to the National Suicide Surveillance System for suicidal or self-harm behaviors at a medical center in Tainan from 2016 to 2023. We conducted a retrospective review of comprehensive patient histories and outcomes. Results: The study included 648 individuals under 25 years of age, with a median age of 20 years and 75.6% of female participants. The cohort included 270 individuals from the early period (2016–2019) and 378 from the late period (2020–2023). Logistic regression analysis revealed significant changes in factors between the two periods. Compared with the early period, the late period was associated with increased rates of depressive disorder (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.23, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.54–3.23) and bipolar disorder (aOR: 3.77, 95% CI: 1.81–7.85). Taking a leave of absence (aOR: 3.63, 95% CI: 2.28–5.78, P < 0.001), child abuse (aOR: 3.52, 95% CI: 1.79–6.94, P < 0.001), and domestic violence (aOR: 2.37, 95% CI: 1.11–5.08, P = 0.03) also significantly increased. In contrast, suicide at home (aOR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.38–0.79, P = 0.001) decreased significantly. Conclusion: The social and psychological landscape of adolescents and young adults has shifted, requiring tailored strategies to address these evolving risks.
format Article
id doaj-art-eeb32cfbec2646558e69e9409696d224
institution OA Journals
issn 2772-4204
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
record_format Article
series Asian Journal of Social Health and Behavior
spelling doaj-art-eeb32cfbec2646558e69e9409696d2242025-08-20T02:05:21ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsAsian Journal of Social Health and Behavior2772-42042025-07-018313314010.4103/shb.shb_368_24Adolescent and Young Adult Suicide and Self-harm: Exploring Changes in Risk Factors from 2016 to 2023Yu-Chin ChenPo-Yu ChenChe-Ming ChiangPin-Chien SungPing-Yuan ChenJu-Hao HsiehWei-Chun TsaiChung-Han HoJulie Chi ChowTu-Hsuan ChangIntroduction: From 2014 to 2022, the suicide rate among adolescents and young adults in Taiwan doubled. Self-harm is recognized as a significant risk factor for suicide. This study aimed to examine changes in the predisposing factors for suicide and self-harm in this population over time. Methods: We included individuals under 25 years of age who were reported to the National Suicide Surveillance System for suicidal or self-harm behaviors at a medical center in Tainan from 2016 to 2023. We conducted a retrospective review of comprehensive patient histories and outcomes. Results: The study included 648 individuals under 25 years of age, with a median age of 20 years and 75.6% of female participants. The cohort included 270 individuals from the early period (2016–2019) and 378 from the late period (2020–2023). Logistic regression analysis revealed significant changes in factors between the two periods. Compared with the early period, the late period was associated with increased rates of depressive disorder (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.23, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.54–3.23) and bipolar disorder (aOR: 3.77, 95% CI: 1.81–7.85). Taking a leave of absence (aOR: 3.63, 95% CI: 2.28–5.78, P < 0.001), child abuse (aOR: 3.52, 95% CI: 1.79–6.94, P < 0.001), and domestic violence (aOR: 2.37, 95% CI: 1.11–5.08, P = 0.03) also significantly increased. In contrast, suicide at home (aOR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.38–0.79, P = 0.001) decreased significantly. Conclusion: The social and psychological landscape of adolescents and young adults has shifted, requiring tailored strategies to address these evolving risks.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/shb.shb_368_24adolescentself-harmsuicideyoung adult
spellingShingle Yu-Chin Chen
Po-Yu Chen
Che-Ming Chiang
Pin-Chien Sung
Ping-Yuan Chen
Ju-Hao Hsieh
Wei-Chun Tsai
Chung-Han Ho
Julie Chi Chow
Tu-Hsuan Chang
Adolescent and Young Adult Suicide and Self-harm: Exploring Changes in Risk Factors from 2016 to 2023
Asian Journal of Social Health and Behavior
adolescent
self-harm
suicide
young adult
title Adolescent and Young Adult Suicide and Self-harm: Exploring Changes in Risk Factors from 2016 to 2023
title_full Adolescent and Young Adult Suicide and Self-harm: Exploring Changes in Risk Factors from 2016 to 2023
title_fullStr Adolescent and Young Adult Suicide and Self-harm: Exploring Changes in Risk Factors from 2016 to 2023
title_full_unstemmed Adolescent and Young Adult Suicide and Self-harm: Exploring Changes in Risk Factors from 2016 to 2023
title_short Adolescent and Young Adult Suicide and Self-harm: Exploring Changes in Risk Factors from 2016 to 2023
title_sort adolescent and young adult suicide and self harm exploring changes in risk factors from 2016 to 2023
topic adolescent
self-harm
suicide
young adult
url https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/shb.shb_368_24
work_keys_str_mv AT yuchinchen adolescentandyoungadultsuicideandselfharmexploringchangesinriskfactorsfrom2016to2023
AT poyuchen adolescentandyoungadultsuicideandselfharmexploringchangesinriskfactorsfrom2016to2023
AT chemingchiang adolescentandyoungadultsuicideandselfharmexploringchangesinriskfactorsfrom2016to2023
AT pinchiensung adolescentandyoungadultsuicideandselfharmexploringchangesinriskfactorsfrom2016to2023
AT pingyuanchen adolescentandyoungadultsuicideandselfharmexploringchangesinriskfactorsfrom2016to2023
AT juhaohsieh adolescentandyoungadultsuicideandselfharmexploringchangesinriskfactorsfrom2016to2023
AT weichuntsai adolescentandyoungadultsuicideandselfharmexploringchangesinriskfactorsfrom2016to2023
AT chunghanho adolescentandyoungadultsuicideandselfharmexploringchangesinriskfactorsfrom2016to2023
AT juliechichow adolescentandyoungadultsuicideandselfharmexploringchangesinriskfactorsfrom2016to2023
AT tuhsuanchang adolescentandyoungadultsuicideandselfharmexploringchangesinriskfactorsfrom2016to2023