Aerosols produced during biomass conversion and their organic extracts – cytotoxic and oxidative response of a lung cell model system

Residual products from the rural economy are increasingly utilized in practice as biofuels. However, the safe application of the resulting combustion-generated ultrafine particles warrants toxicological studies, including cytotoxicity and oxidative stress, as well as alternative methodologies such a...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Krasimira Vasileva, Yordan Yordanov, Yordan Manasiev, Denitsa Stefanova, Magdalena Kondeva-Burdina, Virginia Tzankova, Teodor Panev, Iliyana Naydenova, Tzveta Georgieva
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Pensoft Publishers 2025-08-01
Series:Pharmacia
Online Access:https://pharmacia.pensoft.net/article/163328/download/pdf/
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849769819074723840
author Krasimira Vasileva
Yordan Yordanov
Yordan Manasiev
Denitsa Stefanova
Magdalena Kondeva-Burdina
Virginia Tzankova
Teodor Panev
Iliyana Naydenova
Tzveta Georgieva
author_facet Krasimira Vasileva
Yordan Yordanov
Yordan Manasiev
Denitsa Stefanova
Magdalena Kondeva-Burdina
Virginia Tzankova
Teodor Panev
Iliyana Naydenova
Tzveta Georgieva
author_sort Krasimira Vasileva
collection DOAJ
description Residual products from the rural economy are increasingly utilized in practice as biofuels. However, the safe application of the resulting combustion-generated ultrafine particles warrants toxicological studies, including cytotoxicity and oxidative stress, as well as alternative methodologies such as genetic methods. The aim of this work was to formulate a methodological workflow to study the cytotoxic and oxidative stress responses of human A549 cells, originating from human lung tissue, exposed to particulate matter (PM) in the submicron range (UPM). The study focused mostly on cherry stone and wheat straw combustion products, taking into consideration the influence of the sample collection approach. The assays for cell viability, protein carbonyls, and HMOX1 expression by RT-qPCR showed minimal cytotoxic effects and a concentration-dependent increase in oxidative stress markers. Notably, elevated HMOX1 expression indicated the presence of an antioxidant response, which was stronger with cherry stone UPM compared to UPM from wheat straw. The sample collection protocol only marginally influenced biological outcomes. This study represents an innovative and alternative animal-free workflow, well suited for the toxicological assessment of combustion-generated UPM. It showed weaker cellular responses to wheat straw UPM compared to cherry stone UPM. This approach could well be applied for assessing the health risks of exposure to other ambient air pollutants.
format Article
id doaj-art-ee71dfc0c24f480d97265d94615462cc
institution DOAJ
issn 2603-557X
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher Pensoft Publishers
record_format Article
series Pharmacia
spelling doaj-art-ee71dfc0c24f480d97265d94615462cc2025-08-20T03:03:16ZengPensoft PublishersPharmacia2603-557X2025-08-01721710.3897/pharmacia.72.e163328163328Aerosols produced during biomass conversion and their organic extracts – cytotoxic and oxidative response of a lung cell model systemKrasimira Vasileva0Yordan Yordanov1Yordan Manasiev2Denitsa Stefanova3Magdalena Kondeva-Burdina4Virginia Tzankova5Teodor Panev6Iliyana Naydenova7Tzveta Georgieva8National Center of Public Health and AnalysesMedical University of SofiaStephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS)Medical University of SofiaMedical University of SofiaMedical University of SofiaNational Center of Public Health and AnalysesTechnical University of SofiaNational Center of Public Health and AnalysesResidual products from the rural economy are increasingly utilized in practice as biofuels. However, the safe application of the resulting combustion-generated ultrafine particles warrants toxicological studies, including cytotoxicity and oxidative stress, as well as alternative methodologies such as genetic methods. The aim of this work was to formulate a methodological workflow to study the cytotoxic and oxidative stress responses of human A549 cells, originating from human lung tissue, exposed to particulate matter (PM) in the submicron range (UPM). The study focused mostly on cherry stone and wheat straw combustion products, taking into consideration the influence of the sample collection approach. The assays for cell viability, protein carbonyls, and HMOX1 expression by RT-qPCR showed minimal cytotoxic effects and a concentration-dependent increase in oxidative stress markers. Notably, elevated HMOX1 expression indicated the presence of an antioxidant response, which was stronger with cherry stone UPM compared to UPM from wheat straw. The sample collection protocol only marginally influenced biological outcomes. This study represents an innovative and alternative animal-free workflow, well suited for the toxicological assessment of combustion-generated UPM. It showed weaker cellular responses to wheat straw UPM compared to cherry stone UPM. This approach could well be applied for assessing the health risks of exposure to other ambient air pollutants.https://pharmacia.pensoft.net/article/163328/download/pdf/
spellingShingle Krasimira Vasileva
Yordan Yordanov
Yordan Manasiev
Denitsa Stefanova
Magdalena Kondeva-Burdina
Virginia Tzankova
Teodor Panev
Iliyana Naydenova
Tzveta Georgieva
Aerosols produced during biomass conversion and their organic extracts – cytotoxic and oxidative response of a lung cell model system
Pharmacia
title Aerosols produced during biomass conversion and their organic extracts – cytotoxic and oxidative response of a lung cell model system
title_full Aerosols produced during biomass conversion and their organic extracts – cytotoxic and oxidative response of a lung cell model system
title_fullStr Aerosols produced during biomass conversion and their organic extracts – cytotoxic and oxidative response of a lung cell model system
title_full_unstemmed Aerosols produced during biomass conversion and their organic extracts – cytotoxic and oxidative response of a lung cell model system
title_short Aerosols produced during biomass conversion and their organic extracts – cytotoxic and oxidative response of a lung cell model system
title_sort aerosols produced during biomass conversion and their organic extracts cytotoxic and oxidative response of a lung cell model system
url https://pharmacia.pensoft.net/article/163328/download/pdf/
work_keys_str_mv AT krasimiravasileva aerosolsproducedduringbiomassconversionandtheirorganicextractscytotoxicandoxidativeresponseofalungcellmodelsystem
AT yordanyordanov aerosolsproducedduringbiomassconversionandtheirorganicextractscytotoxicandoxidativeresponseofalungcellmodelsystem
AT yordanmanasiev aerosolsproducedduringbiomassconversionandtheirorganicextractscytotoxicandoxidativeresponseofalungcellmodelsystem
AT denitsastefanova aerosolsproducedduringbiomassconversionandtheirorganicextractscytotoxicandoxidativeresponseofalungcellmodelsystem
AT magdalenakondevaburdina aerosolsproducedduringbiomassconversionandtheirorganicextractscytotoxicandoxidativeresponseofalungcellmodelsystem
AT virginiatzankova aerosolsproducedduringbiomassconversionandtheirorganicextractscytotoxicandoxidativeresponseofalungcellmodelsystem
AT teodorpanev aerosolsproducedduringbiomassconversionandtheirorganicextractscytotoxicandoxidativeresponseofalungcellmodelsystem
AT iliyananaydenova aerosolsproducedduringbiomassconversionandtheirorganicextractscytotoxicandoxidativeresponseofalungcellmodelsystem
AT tzvetageorgieva aerosolsproducedduringbiomassconversionandtheirorganicextractscytotoxicandoxidativeresponseofalungcellmodelsystem