The Role of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Endothelial Dysfunction
<i>Background and Objectives:</i> Metabolic syndrome (MS) represents several diseases encompassing a heterogeneous group of biochemical and physiological abnormalities characterized by structural and functional alterations in the myocardium, including the endothelium of the coronary arte...
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2024-12-01
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| author | Andrej Dzupina Dominik Pella Pavol Zenuch Zuzana Zenuchova Jaipaul Singh Monika Jankajova Jan Fedacko |
| author_facet | Andrej Dzupina Dominik Pella Pavol Zenuch Zuzana Zenuchova Jaipaul Singh Monika Jankajova Jan Fedacko |
| author_sort | Andrej Dzupina |
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| description | <i>Background and Objectives:</i> Metabolic syndrome (MS) represents several diseases encompassing a heterogeneous group of biochemical and physiological abnormalities characterized by structural and functional alterations in the myocardium, including the endothelium of the coronary arteries. MS also affects a substantial portion of the global population. Understanding the risk factors, the development and treatment associated with MS are of paramount importance for early identification, treatment and prevention. This study was designed to evaluate the role of the supplementation of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) on endothelial function in patients with MS. <i>Materials and Methods:</i> A total of 80 patients with MS were enrolled in two groups. The study evaluated endothelial function (EF) in subjects before and after a three-month treatment with n-3 PUFAs in a dose of 2.4 g daily (800 mg, three times a day) vs. placebo, using an Endo-PAT2000 device (Itamar Medical Ltd., Caesarea, Israel) measuring the reactive hyperemia index (a parameter of EF) and augmentation index (a parameter of arterial stiffness). Plasmatic levels of glutathione peroxidase, homocysteine, apolipoprotein B and lipoprotein were also evaluated for comparison. <i>Results:</i> The results showed that the average value of reactive hyperemia index before the treatment with n-3 PUFAs was 1.62 ± 0.42, compared to 1.96 ± 0.62 at the end of the study (<i>p</i> < 0.005). The augmentation index changed from 14.66 ± 19.55 to 9.21 ± 15.64 after the treatment (<i>p</i> = 0.003) with n-3 PUFA. The results also revealed a statistically significant decrease in apolipoprotein B (0.94 ± 0.36 vs. 1.13 ± 0.35, <i>p</i> = 0.001) and homocysteine (19.31 ± 5.29 vs. 13.78 ± 3.05, <i>p</i> = 0.001) and an increase in glutathione peroxidase plasma levels (41.65 ± 8.90 vs. 45.20 ± 8.01), <i>p</i> = 0.001. <i>Conclusions:</i> The results of this prospective study showed a significant improvement in EF in subjects with MS treated with n-3 PUFAs in a dose of 2.4 g daily. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-ee6a2c236036420c8d5638ad4b7dc2ba2025-01-24T13:40:21ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442024-12-016114310.3390/medicina61010043The Role of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Endothelial DysfunctionAndrej Dzupina0Dominik Pella1Pavol Zenuch2Zuzana Zenuchova3Jaipaul Singh4Monika Jankajova5Jan Fedacko6Department of Angiology, National Heart Institute, 040 11 Bratislava, SlovakiaCentre of Clnical and Preclinical Research, MEDIPARK–University Research Park, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Kosice, SlovakiaCentre of Clnical and Preclinical Research, MEDIPARK–University Research Park, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Kosice, SlovakiaCentre of Clnical and Preclinical Research, MEDIPARK–University Research Park, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Kosice, SlovakiaSchool of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UKKardiocentrum AGEL SACA, Lúčna 57/040 15, 040 15 Košice, SlovakiaCentre of Clnical and Preclinical Research, MEDIPARK–University Research Park, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia<i>Background and Objectives:</i> Metabolic syndrome (MS) represents several diseases encompassing a heterogeneous group of biochemical and physiological abnormalities characterized by structural and functional alterations in the myocardium, including the endothelium of the coronary arteries. MS also affects a substantial portion of the global population. Understanding the risk factors, the development and treatment associated with MS are of paramount importance for early identification, treatment and prevention. This study was designed to evaluate the role of the supplementation of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) on endothelial function in patients with MS. <i>Materials and Methods:</i> A total of 80 patients with MS were enrolled in two groups. The study evaluated endothelial function (EF) in subjects before and after a three-month treatment with n-3 PUFAs in a dose of 2.4 g daily (800 mg, three times a day) vs. placebo, using an Endo-PAT2000 device (Itamar Medical Ltd., Caesarea, Israel) measuring the reactive hyperemia index (a parameter of EF) and augmentation index (a parameter of arterial stiffness). Plasmatic levels of glutathione peroxidase, homocysteine, apolipoprotein B and lipoprotein were also evaluated for comparison. <i>Results:</i> The results showed that the average value of reactive hyperemia index before the treatment with n-3 PUFAs was 1.62 ± 0.42, compared to 1.96 ± 0.62 at the end of the study (<i>p</i> < 0.005). The augmentation index changed from 14.66 ± 19.55 to 9.21 ± 15.64 after the treatment (<i>p</i> = 0.003) with n-3 PUFA. The results also revealed a statistically significant decrease in apolipoprotein B (0.94 ± 0.36 vs. 1.13 ± 0.35, <i>p</i> = 0.001) and homocysteine (19.31 ± 5.29 vs. 13.78 ± 3.05, <i>p</i> = 0.001) and an increase in glutathione peroxidase plasma levels (41.65 ± 8.90 vs. 45.20 ± 8.01), <i>p</i> = 0.001. <i>Conclusions:</i> The results of this prospective study showed a significant improvement in EF in subjects with MS treated with n-3 PUFAs in a dose of 2.4 g daily.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/61/1/43metabolic syndromeendothelial dysfunctionheart diseasesomega-3 fatty acids |
| spellingShingle | Andrej Dzupina Dominik Pella Pavol Zenuch Zuzana Zenuchova Jaipaul Singh Monika Jankajova Jan Fedacko The Role of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Endothelial Dysfunction Medicina metabolic syndrome endothelial dysfunction heart diseases omega-3 fatty acids |
| title | The Role of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Endothelial Dysfunction |
| title_full | The Role of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Endothelial Dysfunction |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Endothelial Dysfunction |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Endothelial Dysfunction |
| title_short | The Role of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Endothelial Dysfunction |
| title_sort | role of omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in patients with metabolic syndrome and endothelial dysfunction |
| topic | metabolic syndrome endothelial dysfunction heart diseases omega-3 fatty acids |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/61/1/43 |
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