An optimized Langendorff-free isolating method and electrophysiology studies for adult mouse atrioventricular node cells

Abstract Background The atrioventricular node (AVN) plays a critical role in coordinating the sequential activation and contraction of the heart’s chambers by transmitting electrical impulses from the sinoatrial node (SAN) to the ventricles via the His-Purkinje system. Besides its primary function,...

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Main Authors: Yuan Chen, Jiaming Zhang, Jiu Pu, Ting Li, Jinfang Yu, Bifang Mai, Shuanglun Xie, Jingdong Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:BMC Cardiovascular Disorders
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-025-04888-1
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author Yuan Chen
Jiaming Zhang
Jiu Pu
Ting Li
Jinfang Yu
Bifang Mai
Shuanglun Xie
Jingdong Li
author_facet Yuan Chen
Jiaming Zhang
Jiu Pu
Ting Li
Jinfang Yu
Bifang Mai
Shuanglun Xie
Jingdong Li
author_sort Yuan Chen
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background The atrioventricular node (AVN) plays a critical role in coordinating the sequential activation and contraction of the heart’s chambers by transmitting electrical impulses from the sinoatrial node (SAN) to the ventricles via the His-Purkinje system. Besides its primary function, the AVN can generate intrinsic pacemaker activity when the SAN fails, and it serves as an important pharmacological target for controlling ventricular rate in the case of atrial arrhythmias. Despite its clinical significance, detailed electrophysiological studies of the AVN have been challenging due to difficulties in isolating viable AVN cells. The dense cellular network and complex structure of the AVN hinder enzymatic digestion, often leading to low yield and poor cell viability. Traditional isolation methods—such as adapting SAN cell protocols or employing the Langendorff perfusion technique—are limited by inadequate enzymatic penetration and preferential perfusion of the ventricular region, which significantly hampers the yield and viability of AVN cells for electrophysiological studies. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an optimized method to isolate high-quality AVN cells. Methods A refined method that does not rely on the Langendorff technique was used to isolate AVN cells from adult mice. Immunofluorescent imaging was used to confirm the presence of HCN4-positive cells. Patch clamp techniques were employed to record action potentials and ionic currents in AVN cells. Intracellular Ca2+ transients and sarcomere length measurements were obtained using the IonOptix system. Results We have developed an improved non-Langendorff perfusion technique that combines targeted enzymatic digestion with enhanced perfusion of the AVN region. By cannulating and ligating the aorta and packing the perfusion cannula tip with gauze, we achieved uniform enzyme distribution throughout the AVN area. This innovation results in a high yield of viable AVN cells that maintain their electrophysiological properties, making them suitable for advanced analyses such as patch-clamp recordings and calcium transient measurements. Conclusions Our method provides a strong platform for investigating the physiological and pathological roles of the AVN. This approach has the potential to aid in the development of novel therapeutic strategies for atrioventricular conduction disorders.
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institution Kabale University
issn 1471-2261
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spelling doaj-art-ee5ce7303ee542b68ad9372ebd23a4792025-08-20T03:37:23ZengBMCBMC Cardiovascular Disorders1471-22612025-07-0125111310.1186/s12872-025-04888-1An optimized Langendorff-free isolating method and electrophysiology studies for adult mouse atrioventricular node cellsYuan Chen0Jiaming Zhang1Jiu Pu2Ting Li3Jinfang Yu4Bifang Mai5Shuanglun Xie6Jingdong Li7Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityDepartment of Cardiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityDepartment of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Cardiology, Wuhan Central HospitalDepartment of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Cardiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityDepartment of Cardiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityDepartment of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyAbstract Background The atrioventricular node (AVN) plays a critical role in coordinating the sequential activation and contraction of the heart’s chambers by transmitting electrical impulses from the sinoatrial node (SAN) to the ventricles via the His-Purkinje system. Besides its primary function, the AVN can generate intrinsic pacemaker activity when the SAN fails, and it serves as an important pharmacological target for controlling ventricular rate in the case of atrial arrhythmias. Despite its clinical significance, detailed electrophysiological studies of the AVN have been challenging due to difficulties in isolating viable AVN cells. The dense cellular network and complex structure of the AVN hinder enzymatic digestion, often leading to low yield and poor cell viability. Traditional isolation methods—such as adapting SAN cell protocols or employing the Langendorff perfusion technique—are limited by inadequate enzymatic penetration and preferential perfusion of the ventricular region, which significantly hampers the yield and viability of AVN cells for electrophysiological studies. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an optimized method to isolate high-quality AVN cells. Methods A refined method that does not rely on the Langendorff technique was used to isolate AVN cells from adult mice. Immunofluorescent imaging was used to confirm the presence of HCN4-positive cells. Patch clamp techniques were employed to record action potentials and ionic currents in AVN cells. Intracellular Ca2+ transients and sarcomere length measurements were obtained using the IonOptix system. Results We have developed an improved non-Langendorff perfusion technique that combines targeted enzymatic digestion with enhanced perfusion of the AVN region. By cannulating and ligating the aorta and packing the perfusion cannula tip with gauze, we achieved uniform enzyme distribution throughout the AVN area. This innovation results in a high yield of viable AVN cells that maintain their electrophysiological properties, making them suitable for advanced analyses such as patch-clamp recordings and calcium transient measurements. Conclusions Our method provides a strong platform for investigating the physiological and pathological roles of the AVN. This approach has the potential to aid in the development of novel therapeutic strategies for atrioventricular conduction disorders.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-025-04888-1Mouse atrioventricular node cell isolationAtrioventricular conduction ElectrophysiologyPatch clampCalcium transient
spellingShingle Yuan Chen
Jiaming Zhang
Jiu Pu
Ting Li
Jinfang Yu
Bifang Mai
Shuanglun Xie
Jingdong Li
An optimized Langendorff-free isolating method and electrophysiology studies for adult mouse atrioventricular node cells
BMC Cardiovascular Disorders
Mouse atrioventricular node cell isolation
Atrioventricular conduction Electrophysiology
Patch clamp
Calcium transient
title An optimized Langendorff-free isolating method and electrophysiology studies for adult mouse atrioventricular node cells
title_full An optimized Langendorff-free isolating method and electrophysiology studies for adult mouse atrioventricular node cells
title_fullStr An optimized Langendorff-free isolating method and electrophysiology studies for adult mouse atrioventricular node cells
title_full_unstemmed An optimized Langendorff-free isolating method and electrophysiology studies for adult mouse atrioventricular node cells
title_short An optimized Langendorff-free isolating method and electrophysiology studies for adult mouse atrioventricular node cells
title_sort optimized langendorff free isolating method and electrophysiology studies for adult mouse atrioventricular node cells
topic Mouse atrioventricular node cell isolation
Atrioventricular conduction Electrophysiology
Patch clamp
Calcium transient
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-025-04888-1
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