Assessing genetic redundancy and diversity in Colombian cacao germplasm banks using SNP fingerprinting

Cacao germplasm is the cornerstone of sustainable cacao production, underpinning efforts to develop high-yielding, quality-rich, and climate-resilient varieties. This study aimed to evaluate the mislabeling, the genetic redundancy, and diversity of two cacao germplasm banks maintained at the Palmira...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jaime A. Osorio-Guarín, Jhon A. Berdugo-Cely, Gina A. Garzón-Martínez, Deisy Lisseth Toloza-Moreno, Paola Delgadillo-Duran, Eliana Y. Báez-Daza, Lyndel W. Meinhardt, Sunchung Park, Dapeng Zhang, Roxana Yockteng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-07-01
Series:Frontiers in Plant Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2025.1632888/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849706558877859840
author Jaime A. Osorio-Guarín
Jhon A. Berdugo-Cely
Gina A. Garzón-Martínez
Deisy Lisseth Toloza-Moreno
Paola Delgadillo-Duran
Eliana Y. Báez-Daza
Lyndel W. Meinhardt
Sunchung Park
Dapeng Zhang
Roxana Yockteng
Roxana Yockteng
author_facet Jaime A. Osorio-Guarín
Jhon A. Berdugo-Cely
Gina A. Garzón-Martínez
Deisy Lisseth Toloza-Moreno
Paola Delgadillo-Duran
Eliana Y. Báez-Daza
Lyndel W. Meinhardt
Sunchung Park
Dapeng Zhang
Roxana Yockteng
Roxana Yockteng
author_sort Jaime A. Osorio-Guarín
collection DOAJ
description Cacao germplasm is the cornerstone of sustainable cacao production, underpinning efforts to develop high-yielding, quality-rich, and climate-resilient varieties. This study aimed to evaluate the mislabeling, the genetic redundancy, and diversity of two cacao germplasm banks maintained at the Palmira and La Suiza research centers of the Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), from Colombia. We genotyped 4,653 cacao trees from these collections, and after applying quality control filters, a final set of 77 SNP markers was used for all subsequent analyses. Our results revealed that both collections exhibit a similar pattern of genetic diversity. However, a medium rate of mislabeling (12.4%) and high genetic redundancy (53.1%) were detected, likely due to errors in collecting, introduction, pre-planting labeling, and the use of rootstocks. To optimize the evaluation conserved cacao germplasm, we defined core collections independently, which comprise 246 and 190 samples for Palmira and La Suiza, respectively. This research demonstrates the importance of maintaining a well-classified cacao collection with minimal genetic redundancy, thereby improving accuracy and reducing maintenance costs. This will not only enhance conservation efforts but also enrich the genetic diversity of the collection.
format Article
id doaj-art-ee3666e16e0d475fa98bb7afd8ab1c45
institution DOAJ
issn 1664-462X
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Plant Science
spelling doaj-art-ee3666e16e0d475fa98bb7afd8ab1c452025-08-20T03:16:10ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2025-07-011610.3389/fpls.2025.16328881632888Assessing genetic redundancy and diversity in Colombian cacao germplasm banks using SNP fingerprintingJaime A. Osorio-Guarín0Jhon A. Berdugo-Cely1Gina A. Garzón-Martínez2Deisy Lisseth Toloza-Moreno3Paola Delgadillo-Duran4Eliana Y. Báez-Daza5Lyndel W. Meinhardt6Sunchung Park7Dapeng Zhang8Roxana Yockteng9Roxana Yockteng10Centro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Mosquera, ColombiaCentro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Mosquera, ColombiaCentro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Mosquera, ColombiaCentro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Mosquera, ColombiaCentro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Mosquera, ColombiaCentro de Investigación La Suiza, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Rionegro, ColombiaDepartment of Agriculture, United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA ARS) Sustainable Perennial Crops Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, United StatesDepartment of Agriculture, United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA ARS) Sustainable Perennial Crops Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, United StatesDepartment of Agriculture, United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA ARS) Sustainable Perennial Crops Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, United StatesCentro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Mosquera, ColombiaInstitut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité-UMR-CNRS 7205, Muséum National d´Histoire Naturelle, Paris, FranceCacao germplasm is the cornerstone of sustainable cacao production, underpinning efforts to develop high-yielding, quality-rich, and climate-resilient varieties. This study aimed to evaluate the mislabeling, the genetic redundancy, and diversity of two cacao germplasm banks maintained at the Palmira and La Suiza research centers of the Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), from Colombia. We genotyped 4,653 cacao trees from these collections, and after applying quality control filters, a final set of 77 SNP markers was used for all subsequent analyses. Our results revealed that both collections exhibit a similar pattern of genetic diversity. However, a medium rate of mislabeling (12.4%) and high genetic redundancy (53.1%) were detected, likely due to errors in collecting, introduction, pre-planting labeling, and the use of rootstocks. To optimize the evaluation conserved cacao germplasm, we defined core collections independently, which comprise 246 and 190 samples for Palmira and La Suiza, respectively. This research demonstrates the importance of maintaining a well-classified cacao collection with minimal genetic redundancy, thereby improving accuracy and reducing maintenance costs. This will not only enhance conservation efforts but also enrich the genetic diversity of the collection.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2025.1632888/fullbreedingcacaoduplicategermplasm banksKASPmislabeling
spellingShingle Jaime A. Osorio-Guarín
Jhon A. Berdugo-Cely
Gina A. Garzón-Martínez
Deisy Lisseth Toloza-Moreno
Paola Delgadillo-Duran
Eliana Y. Báez-Daza
Lyndel W. Meinhardt
Sunchung Park
Dapeng Zhang
Roxana Yockteng
Roxana Yockteng
Assessing genetic redundancy and diversity in Colombian cacao germplasm banks using SNP fingerprinting
Frontiers in Plant Science
breeding
cacao
duplicate
germplasm banks
KASP
mislabeling
title Assessing genetic redundancy and diversity in Colombian cacao germplasm banks using SNP fingerprinting
title_full Assessing genetic redundancy and diversity in Colombian cacao germplasm banks using SNP fingerprinting
title_fullStr Assessing genetic redundancy and diversity in Colombian cacao germplasm banks using SNP fingerprinting
title_full_unstemmed Assessing genetic redundancy and diversity in Colombian cacao germplasm banks using SNP fingerprinting
title_short Assessing genetic redundancy and diversity in Colombian cacao germplasm banks using SNP fingerprinting
title_sort assessing genetic redundancy and diversity in colombian cacao germplasm banks using snp fingerprinting
topic breeding
cacao
duplicate
germplasm banks
KASP
mislabeling
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2025.1632888/full
work_keys_str_mv AT jaimeaosorioguarin assessinggeneticredundancyanddiversityincolombiancacaogermplasmbanksusingsnpfingerprinting
AT jhonaberdugocely assessinggeneticredundancyanddiversityincolombiancacaogermplasmbanksusingsnpfingerprinting
AT ginaagarzonmartinez assessinggeneticredundancyanddiversityincolombiancacaogermplasmbanksusingsnpfingerprinting
AT deisylissethtolozamoreno assessinggeneticredundancyanddiversityincolombiancacaogermplasmbanksusingsnpfingerprinting
AT paoladelgadilloduran assessinggeneticredundancyanddiversityincolombiancacaogermplasmbanksusingsnpfingerprinting
AT elianaybaezdaza assessinggeneticredundancyanddiversityincolombiancacaogermplasmbanksusingsnpfingerprinting
AT lyndelwmeinhardt assessinggeneticredundancyanddiversityincolombiancacaogermplasmbanksusingsnpfingerprinting
AT sunchungpark assessinggeneticredundancyanddiversityincolombiancacaogermplasmbanksusingsnpfingerprinting
AT dapengzhang assessinggeneticredundancyanddiversityincolombiancacaogermplasmbanksusingsnpfingerprinting
AT roxanayockteng assessinggeneticredundancyanddiversityincolombiancacaogermplasmbanksusingsnpfingerprinting
AT roxanayockteng assessinggeneticredundancyanddiversityincolombiancacaogermplasmbanksusingsnpfingerprinting