Enhancing Indian onion (Allium Cepa L. var. aggregatum) extraction by microwave hydrodiffusion and gravity (MHG) method: Parametric study and optimization using FCCD design
The aim of this study is to extract essential oil from Indian onion bulbs (Allium Cepa L. var. aggregatum) using the microwave hydrodiffusion-gravity (MHG) method. The operating parameters considered include drying pre-treatment, material size (1-3 cm), microwave power (300-600 W), and extraction ti...
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Elsevier
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Results in Engineering |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123024015482 |
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| author | Yeni Variyana Murni Fitria Raka Selaksa Charisma Muchammad Mahfud Mahfud |
| author_facet | Yeni Variyana Murni Fitria Raka Selaksa Charisma Muchammad Mahfud Mahfud |
| author_sort | Yeni Variyana |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this study is to extract essential oil from Indian onion bulbs (Allium Cepa L. var. aggregatum) using the microwave hydrodiffusion-gravity (MHG) method. The operating parameters considered include drying pre-treatment, material size (1-3 cm), microwave power (300-600 W), and extraction time (15-75 min). Optimal extraction conditions were identified through a two-stage process: initially screening data using a full factorial design, followed by process optimization using a face-centred central composite design (FCCD). The oil yield increased with extraction time up to a certain point, after which it plateaued, indicating no further yield improvements. The size of the material had an impact on how well microwave energy transferred; smaller particles provided larger surface areas, which improved extraction efficiency. Furthermore, the reduction in moisture content due to drying directly affected essential oil production, leading to higher yields. Sudden temperature increases could negatively impact oil quality, making temperature control during extraction critical. The microwave power level also played a significant role in the extraction process. The highest oil yield, 2.78%, was obtained with an extraction time of 75 min, a microwave power of 600 W, and a material size of 1 cm. Additionally, the extracted onion oil contained cyclohexanol, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethenyl), and Z-citral. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ee184c7a91e24bf38ff01e52e1cb78f6 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2590-1230 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Results in Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-ee184c7a91e24bf38ff01e52e1cb78f62025-08-20T01:58:16ZengElsevierResults in Engineering2590-12302024-12-012410329410.1016/j.rineng.2024.103294Enhancing Indian onion (Allium Cepa L. var. aggregatum) extraction by microwave hydrodiffusion and gravity (MHG) method: Parametric study and optimization using FCCD designYeni Variyana0Murni Fitria1Raka Selaksa Charisma Muchammad2Mahfud Mahfud3Study Program of Industrial Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Lampung, Jl. Soekarno Hatta No.10, Bandar Lampung 35144, IndonesiaStudy Program of Industrial Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Lampung, Jl. Soekarno Hatta No.10, Bandar Lampung 35144, IndonesiaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional (UPN-Jatim), Jl. Rungkut Madya No.1, Surabaya 60294, IndonesiaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Jl. Arif Rahman Hakim, Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia; Corresponding author.The aim of this study is to extract essential oil from Indian onion bulbs (Allium Cepa L. var. aggregatum) using the microwave hydrodiffusion-gravity (MHG) method. The operating parameters considered include drying pre-treatment, material size (1-3 cm), microwave power (300-600 W), and extraction time (15-75 min). Optimal extraction conditions were identified through a two-stage process: initially screening data using a full factorial design, followed by process optimization using a face-centred central composite design (FCCD). The oil yield increased with extraction time up to a certain point, after which it plateaued, indicating no further yield improvements. The size of the material had an impact on how well microwave energy transferred; smaller particles provided larger surface areas, which improved extraction efficiency. Furthermore, the reduction in moisture content due to drying directly affected essential oil production, leading to higher yields. Sudden temperature increases could negatively impact oil quality, making temperature control during extraction critical. The microwave power level also played a significant role in the extraction process. The highest oil yield, 2.78%, was obtained with an extraction time of 75 min, a microwave power of 600 W, and a material size of 1 cm. Additionally, the extracted onion oil contained cyclohexanol, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethenyl), and Z-citral.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123024015482Allium cepa L.OnionEssential oilMicrowaveHydrodiffusion and gravityOptimization |
| spellingShingle | Yeni Variyana Murni Fitria Raka Selaksa Charisma Muchammad Mahfud Mahfud Enhancing Indian onion (Allium Cepa L. var. aggregatum) extraction by microwave hydrodiffusion and gravity (MHG) method: Parametric study and optimization using FCCD design Results in Engineering Allium cepa L. Onion Essential oil Microwave Hydrodiffusion and gravity Optimization |
| title | Enhancing Indian onion (Allium Cepa L. var. aggregatum) extraction by microwave hydrodiffusion and gravity (MHG) method: Parametric study and optimization using FCCD design |
| title_full | Enhancing Indian onion (Allium Cepa L. var. aggregatum) extraction by microwave hydrodiffusion and gravity (MHG) method: Parametric study and optimization using FCCD design |
| title_fullStr | Enhancing Indian onion (Allium Cepa L. var. aggregatum) extraction by microwave hydrodiffusion and gravity (MHG) method: Parametric study and optimization using FCCD design |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhancing Indian onion (Allium Cepa L. var. aggregatum) extraction by microwave hydrodiffusion and gravity (MHG) method: Parametric study and optimization using FCCD design |
| title_short | Enhancing Indian onion (Allium Cepa L. var. aggregatum) extraction by microwave hydrodiffusion and gravity (MHG) method: Parametric study and optimization using FCCD design |
| title_sort | enhancing indian onion allium cepa l var aggregatum extraction by microwave hydrodiffusion and gravity mhg method parametric study and optimization using fccd design |
| topic | Allium cepa L. Onion Essential oil Microwave Hydrodiffusion and gravity Optimization |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123024015482 |
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