A Comparison of Static Aeration and Conventional Turning Windrow Techniques: Physicochemical and Microbial Dynamics in Wine Residue Composting
Chile, one of the top global wine producers, produces a significant quantity of grape pomace waste, composed primarily of peels and seeds, of which their management includes many environmental challenges. Composting offers a sustainable waste management solution, converting organic waste into a rich...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-04-01
|
| Series: | Fermentation |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/11/4/197 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850183321610354688 |
|---|---|
| author | Rodrigo Morales-Vera Alex Echeverría-Vega Hernán Ríos-Rozas Francisca Barrera-Valenzuela Denisse Mellado-Quintanilla Matthias Piesche Rosa Roa-Roco Sebastian Tramon |
| author_facet | Rodrigo Morales-Vera Alex Echeverría-Vega Hernán Ríos-Rozas Francisca Barrera-Valenzuela Denisse Mellado-Quintanilla Matthias Piesche Rosa Roa-Roco Sebastian Tramon |
| author_sort | Rodrigo Morales-Vera |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chile, one of the top global wine producers, produces a significant quantity of grape pomace waste, composed primarily of peels and seeds, of which their management includes many environmental challenges. Composting offers a sustainable waste management solution, converting organic waste into a rich nutrient and beneficial microorganisms for soil amendment. This study compared traditional turning and static forced aeration composting systems using a mix of grape pomace (70 m<sup>3</sup>), wheat straw (15 m<sup>3</sup>), and manure (15 m<sup>3</sup>). The results show no significant differences in the final compost chemical quality between the two systems. Nevertheless, forced aeration (T1) influenced the bacterial community, particularly during the thermophilic stage, leading to a major differentiation compared to traditional composting (T0). Similar Shannon index values for bacterial diversity across stages suggest that both composting methods support comparable levels of bacterial diversity. However, the fungal communities exhibited more variability, likely due to the differences in temperature and aeration conditions between the windrows, which are known to affect fungal growth and activity. While both composting methods met the Chilean regulatory standards and achieved high-quality compost, the forced aeration system demonstrated advantages in temperature control, microbial diversity, and pathogen suppression, suggesting its potential for more efficient composting in similar agricultural contexts. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-edafadbea24944cfbce7571cce3caf44 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2311-5637 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fermentation |
| spelling | doaj-art-edafadbea24944cfbce7571cce3caf442025-08-20T02:17:24ZengMDPI AGFermentation2311-56372025-04-0111419710.3390/fermentation11040197A Comparison of Static Aeration and Conventional Turning Windrow Techniques: Physicochemical and Microbial Dynamics in Wine Residue CompostingRodrigo Morales-Vera0Alex Echeverría-Vega1Hernán Ríos-Rozas2Francisca Barrera-Valenzuela3Denisse Mellado-Quintanilla4Matthias Piesche5Rosa Roa-Roco6Sebastian Tramon7Centro de Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Católica del Maule, Avda, San Miguel 3605, Talca 3480112, ChileCentro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule (CIEAM), Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Avda, San Miguel 3605, Talca 3480112, ChileCentro de Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Católica del Maule, Avda, San Miguel 3605, Talca 3480112, ChileCentro de Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Católica del Maule, Avda, San Miguel 3605, Talca 3480112, ChilePrograma de Doctorado Biotecnología Traslacional, Centro de Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Católica del Maule, Avda, San Miguel 3605, Talca 3480112, ChileBiomedical Research Laboratories, Medicine Faculty, Universidad Católica del Maule, Avda, San Miguel 3605, Talca 3480112, ChileCenter for Research and Innovation, Viña Concha y Toro S.A., Fundo Pocoa s/n, Km10 Ruta K-650, Región del Maule, Pencahue 3550000, ChileEmiliana Organic Vineyards, Research and Innovation, Nueva Tajamar 481, Las Condes 7550099, ChileChile, one of the top global wine producers, produces a significant quantity of grape pomace waste, composed primarily of peels and seeds, of which their management includes many environmental challenges. Composting offers a sustainable waste management solution, converting organic waste into a rich nutrient and beneficial microorganisms for soil amendment. This study compared traditional turning and static forced aeration composting systems using a mix of grape pomace (70 m<sup>3</sup>), wheat straw (15 m<sup>3</sup>), and manure (15 m<sup>3</sup>). The results show no significant differences in the final compost chemical quality between the two systems. Nevertheless, forced aeration (T1) influenced the bacterial community, particularly during the thermophilic stage, leading to a major differentiation compared to traditional composting (T0). Similar Shannon index values for bacterial diversity across stages suggest that both composting methods support comparable levels of bacterial diversity. However, the fungal communities exhibited more variability, likely due to the differences in temperature and aeration conditions between the windrows, which are known to affect fungal growth and activity. While both composting methods met the Chilean regulatory standards and achieved high-quality compost, the forced aeration system demonstrated advantages in temperature control, microbial diversity, and pathogen suppression, suggesting its potential for more efficient composting in similar agricultural contexts.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/11/4/197compostingforced aerationwine residuesmicrobial communitieswine industry |
| spellingShingle | Rodrigo Morales-Vera Alex Echeverría-Vega Hernán Ríos-Rozas Francisca Barrera-Valenzuela Denisse Mellado-Quintanilla Matthias Piesche Rosa Roa-Roco Sebastian Tramon A Comparison of Static Aeration and Conventional Turning Windrow Techniques: Physicochemical and Microbial Dynamics in Wine Residue Composting Fermentation composting forced aeration wine residues microbial communities wine industry |
| title | A Comparison of Static Aeration and Conventional Turning Windrow Techniques: Physicochemical and Microbial Dynamics in Wine Residue Composting |
| title_full | A Comparison of Static Aeration and Conventional Turning Windrow Techniques: Physicochemical and Microbial Dynamics in Wine Residue Composting |
| title_fullStr | A Comparison of Static Aeration and Conventional Turning Windrow Techniques: Physicochemical and Microbial Dynamics in Wine Residue Composting |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Comparison of Static Aeration and Conventional Turning Windrow Techniques: Physicochemical and Microbial Dynamics in Wine Residue Composting |
| title_short | A Comparison of Static Aeration and Conventional Turning Windrow Techniques: Physicochemical and Microbial Dynamics in Wine Residue Composting |
| title_sort | comparison of static aeration and conventional turning windrow techniques physicochemical and microbial dynamics in wine residue composting |
| topic | composting forced aeration wine residues microbial communities wine industry |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/11/4/197 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rodrigomoralesvera acomparisonofstaticaerationandconventionalturningwindrowtechniquesphysicochemicalandmicrobialdynamicsinwineresiduecomposting AT alexecheverriavega acomparisonofstaticaerationandconventionalturningwindrowtechniquesphysicochemicalandmicrobialdynamicsinwineresiduecomposting AT hernanriosrozas acomparisonofstaticaerationandconventionalturningwindrowtechniquesphysicochemicalandmicrobialdynamicsinwineresiduecomposting AT franciscabarreravalenzuela acomparisonofstaticaerationandconventionalturningwindrowtechniquesphysicochemicalandmicrobialdynamicsinwineresiduecomposting AT denissemelladoquintanilla acomparisonofstaticaerationandconventionalturningwindrowtechniquesphysicochemicalandmicrobialdynamicsinwineresiduecomposting AT matthiaspiesche acomparisonofstaticaerationandconventionalturningwindrowtechniquesphysicochemicalandmicrobialdynamicsinwineresiduecomposting AT rosaroaroco acomparisonofstaticaerationandconventionalturningwindrowtechniquesphysicochemicalandmicrobialdynamicsinwineresiduecomposting AT sebastiantramon acomparisonofstaticaerationandconventionalturningwindrowtechniquesphysicochemicalandmicrobialdynamicsinwineresiduecomposting AT rodrigomoralesvera comparisonofstaticaerationandconventionalturningwindrowtechniquesphysicochemicalandmicrobialdynamicsinwineresiduecomposting AT alexecheverriavega comparisonofstaticaerationandconventionalturningwindrowtechniquesphysicochemicalandmicrobialdynamicsinwineresiduecomposting AT hernanriosrozas comparisonofstaticaerationandconventionalturningwindrowtechniquesphysicochemicalandmicrobialdynamicsinwineresiduecomposting AT franciscabarreravalenzuela comparisonofstaticaerationandconventionalturningwindrowtechniquesphysicochemicalandmicrobialdynamicsinwineresiduecomposting AT denissemelladoquintanilla comparisonofstaticaerationandconventionalturningwindrowtechniquesphysicochemicalandmicrobialdynamicsinwineresiduecomposting AT matthiaspiesche comparisonofstaticaerationandconventionalturningwindrowtechniquesphysicochemicalandmicrobialdynamicsinwineresiduecomposting AT rosaroaroco comparisonofstaticaerationandconventionalturningwindrowtechniquesphysicochemicalandmicrobialdynamicsinwineresiduecomposting AT sebastiantramon comparisonofstaticaerationandconventionalturningwindrowtechniquesphysicochemicalandmicrobialdynamicsinwineresiduecomposting |