High-precision reconstruction of a heat flux boundary via a programmable scanning electron beam controlled by the voltage waveform design method

A scanning electron beam can be used to construct heat flux boundaries (HFBs). However, the long current response time in the deflection coil using a current control method (CCM) cause the deviation of the current waveform, potentially reducing the accuracy of the reconstructed HFB relative to the t...

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Main Authors: Minfeng Dou, Xiyao Wang, Hongxin Yao, Linshuang Long, Guozhu Zhao, Hong Ye
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-12-01
Series:Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X24014862
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author Minfeng Dou
Xiyao Wang
Hongxin Yao
Linshuang Long
Guozhu Zhao
Hong Ye
author_facet Minfeng Dou
Xiyao Wang
Hongxin Yao
Linshuang Long
Guozhu Zhao
Hong Ye
author_sort Minfeng Dou
collection DOAJ
description A scanning electron beam can be used to construct heat flux boundaries (HFBs). However, the long current response time in the deflection coil using a current control method (CCM) cause the deviation of the current waveform, potentially reducing the accuracy of the reconstructed HFB relative to the target HFB. The impact of the current response time on the reconstruction accuracy increases as the field frequency increases, and the accuracy can be reduced from 0.89 to 0.69. To shorten the current response time and improve the reconstruction accuracy, a voltage waveform design method (VWDM) is introduced as a replacement for the CCM. The result indicates that the accuracy of the HFB reconstructed by a scanning electron beam controlled by the VWDM can reach 0.91. Additionally, increasing the maximum output voltage of the power amplifier used to generate the voltage can further improve the reconstruction accuracy of the HFB with the VWDM. This study provides a new approach for the accurate construction of HFBs for rapid thermal processing, additive manufacturing and thermal assessment of hypersonic vehicles.
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issn 2214-157X
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
spelling doaj-art-eda55c3bf48c4d0aa7d656aa7791c0752025-08-20T02:37:32ZengElsevierCase Studies in Thermal Engineering2214-157X2024-12-016410545510.1016/j.csite.2024.105455High-precision reconstruction of a heat flux boundary via a programmable scanning electron beam controlled by the voltage waveform design methodMinfeng Dou0Xiyao Wang1Hongxin Yao2Linshuang Long3Guozhu Zhao4Hong Ye5Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, ChinaChina Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang, 621000, ChinaDepartment of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, ChinaDepartment of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; Corresponding author.China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang, 621000, China; Corresponding author.Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; Corresponding author.A scanning electron beam can be used to construct heat flux boundaries (HFBs). However, the long current response time in the deflection coil using a current control method (CCM) cause the deviation of the current waveform, potentially reducing the accuracy of the reconstructed HFB relative to the target HFB. The impact of the current response time on the reconstruction accuracy increases as the field frequency increases, and the accuracy can be reduced from 0.89 to 0.69. To shorten the current response time and improve the reconstruction accuracy, a voltage waveform design method (VWDM) is introduced as a replacement for the CCM. The result indicates that the accuracy of the HFB reconstructed by a scanning electron beam controlled by the VWDM can reach 0.91. Additionally, increasing the maximum output voltage of the power amplifier used to generate the voltage can further improve the reconstruction accuracy of the HFB with the VWDM. This study provides a new approach for the accurate construction of HFBs for rapid thermal processing, additive manufacturing and thermal assessment of hypersonic vehicles.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X24014862Scanning electron beamHigh-precision reconstructionHeat flux boundaryCurrent response timeEnergy absorption
spellingShingle Minfeng Dou
Xiyao Wang
Hongxin Yao
Linshuang Long
Guozhu Zhao
Hong Ye
High-precision reconstruction of a heat flux boundary via a programmable scanning electron beam controlled by the voltage waveform design method
Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
Scanning electron beam
High-precision reconstruction
Heat flux boundary
Current response time
Energy absorption
title High-precision reconstruction of a heat flux boundary via a programmable scanning electron beam controlled by the voltage waveform design method
title_full High-precision reconstruction of a heat flux boundary via a programmable scanning electron beam controlled by the voltage waveform design method
title_fullStr High-precision reconstruction of a heat flux boundary via a programmable scanning electron beam controlled by the voltage waveform design method
title_full_unstemmed High-precision reconstruction of a heat flux boundary via a programmable scanning electron beam controlled by the voltage waveform design method
title_short High-precision reconstruction of a heat flux boundary via a programmable scanning electron beam controlled by the voltage waveform design method
title_sort high precision reconstruction of a heat flux boundary via a programmable scanning electron beam controlled by the voltage waveform design method
topic Scanning electron beam
High-precision reconstruction
Heat flux boundary
Current response time
Energy absorption
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X24014862
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