The Development of a Forage Harvester Ensuring Two-Level Mowing of Tall Stalk Forage

Currently, in countries with warm climatic conditions, the average height of corn stalks during silage harvesting reaches 2.5 m. However, trailed forage harvesters are designed for mowing stalks not more than 1.5 m. That is why there is a demand to develop a compact forage harvester that can mow and...

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Main Authors: Tokhtar Abilzhanuly, Daniyar Abilzhanov, Nurakhmet Khamitov, Olzhas Seipataliyev, Dimitar Karaivanov, Dauren Kosherbay
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Applied Sciences
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/10/5559
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author Tokhtar Abilzhanuly
Daniyar Abilzhanov
Nurakhmet Khamitov
Olzhas Seipataliyev
Dimitar Karaivanov
Dauren Kosherbay
author_facet Tokhtar Abilzhanuly
Daniyar Abilzhanov
Nurakhmet Khamitov
Olzhas Seipataliyev
Dimitar Karaivanov
Dauren Kosherbay
author_sort Tokhtar Abilzhanuly
collection DOAJ
description Currently, in countries with warm climatic conditions, the average height of corn stalks during silage harvesting reaches 2.5 m. However, trailed forage harvesters are designed for mowing stalks not more than 1.5 m. That is why there is a demand to develop a compact forage harvester that can mow and shred tall stalks. This research proposes a two-level mowing method for tall stalks. According to the obtained analytical expressions, the technological distance between the vertical axes of the mowing rotors is determined to be 700 mm. A forage harvester is developed, equipped with a device that orientates itself by the length of stalks at the entrance to the shredding chamber and two mowing rotors designed for mowing tall stalks. Analytical expressions are obtained, which determine the required power for the mass transportation processes by the screw working device and the mass supply by the orienting drum into the chamber of the radial-knife blade shredding rotor. The required powers of the screw conveyor and the orienting drum are determined based on the obtained expressions; they are, respectively, equal to 0.42 kW and 0.11 kW. As a result of the conducted laboratory field tests, the required powers for mowing and for the general processes of mowing, shredding, and transporting the mass through the deflector are determined. The power balance of the harvester units is compiled. It is established that 75% of the consumed power is used for effective work, while 25% is for used for idling the harvester. During the mowing and shredding of corn stalks with a height of 2.9 m, the harvester’s productivity reaches 16.3 tons per hour, with a required power of 12.5 kW. During the tests, the harvester functioned without losses and without any violation of the technological process. The test proves the performance of the design and technological scheme and the accuracy of the obtained analytical expression determining the technological distance between the vertical axes of mowing rotors.
format Article
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issn 2076-3417
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher MDPI AG
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series Applied Sciences
spelling doaj-art-ed66ca7a828047e294129c8d78b9940f2025-08-20T03:14:38ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-05-011510555910.3390/app15105559The Development of a Forage Harvester Ensuring Two-Level Mowing of Tall Stalk ForageTokhtar Abilzhanuly0Daniyar Abilzhanov1Nurakhmet Khamitov2Olzhas Seipataliyev3Dimitar Karaivanov4Dauren Kosherbay5Department of Animal Husbandry Mechanization, Scientific Production Center of Agricultural Engineering, Almaty 050005, KazakhstanDepartment of Animal Husbandry Mechanization, Scientific Production Center of Agricultural Engineering, Almaty 050005, KazakhstanDepartment of Animal Husbandry Mechanization, Scientific Production Center of Agricultural Engineering, Almaty 050005, KazakhstanDepartment of Animal Husbandry Mechanization, Scientific Production Center of Agricultural Engineering, Almaty 050005, KazakhstanFaculty of Fire Safety and Civil Protection, Academy of the Ministry of Interior, 1 A. Malinov Blvd., 1715 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Animal Husbandry Mechanization, Scientific Production Center of Agricultural Engineering, Almaty 050005, KazakhstanCurrently, in countries with warm climatic conditions, the average height of corn stalks during silage harvesting reaches 2.5 m. However, trailed forage harvesters are designed for mowing stalks not more than 1.5 m. That is why there is a demand to develop a compact forage harvester that can mow and shred tall stalks. This research proposes a two-level mowing method for tall stalks. According to the obtained analytical expressions, the technological distance between the vertical axes of the mowing rotors is determined to be 700 mm. A forage harvester is developed, equipped with a device that orientates itself by the length of stalks at the entrance to the shredding chamber and two mowing rotors designed for mowing tall stalks. Analytical expressions are obtained, which determine the required power for the mass transportation processes by the screw working device and the mass supply by the orienting drum into the chamber of the radial-knife blade shredding rotor. The required powers of the screw conveyor and the orienting drum are determined based on the obtained expressions; they are, respectively, equal to 0.42 kW and 0.11 kW. As a result of the conducted laboratory field tests, the required powers for mowing and for the general processes of mowing, shredding, and transporting the mass through the deflector are determined. The power balance of the harvester units is compiled. It is established that 75% of the consumed power is used for effective work, while 25% is for used for idling the harvester. During the mowing and shredding of corn stalks with a height of 2.9 m, the harvester’s productivity reaches 16.3 tons per hour, with a required power of 12.5 kW. During the tests, the harvester functioned without losses and without any violation of the technological process. The test proves the performance of the design and technological scheme and the accuracy of the obtained analytical expression determining the technological distance between the vertical axes of mowing rotors.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/10/5559forage harvesterorientation devicemowing rotortwo-level mowingtechnological distancevertical axes of the rotors
spellingShingle Tokhtar Abilzhanuly
Daniyar Abilzhanov
Nurakhmet Khamitov
Olzhas Seipataliyev
Dimitar Karaivanov
Dauren Kosherbay
The Development of a Forage Harvester Ensuring Two-Level Mowing of Tall Stalk Forage
Applied Sciences
forage harvester
orientation device
mowing rotor
two-level mowing
technological distance
vertical axes of the rotors
title The Development of a Forage Harvester Ensuring Two-Level Mowing of Tall Stalk Forage
title_full The Development of a Forage Harvester Ensuring Two-Level Mowing of Tall Stalk Forage
title_fullStr The Development of a Forage Harvester Ensuring Two-Level Mowing of Tall Stalk Forage
title_full_unstemmed The Development of a Forage Harvester Ensuring Two-Level Mowing of Tall Stalk Forage
title_short The Development of a Forage Harvester Ensuring Two-Level Mowing of Tall Stalk Forage
title_sort development of a forage harvester ensuring two level mowing of tall stalk forage
topic forage harvester
orientation device
mowing rotor
two-level mowing
technological distance
vertical axes of the rotors
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/10/5559
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