A real–time distributed optimization control for power sharing and voltage restoration in inverter–based microgrids
This paper presents a distributed control framework for grid–forming (GFM) distributed generations (DGs), considering the objectives of active/reactive power sharing and load feeder voltage regulation in inverter–based microgrids (MGs). Battery energy storage systems (BESSs) are controlled GFM sourc...
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Elsevier
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Ain Shams Engineering Journal |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2090447925000292 |
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| author | Asad Khan Muhammad Mansoor Khan Jiang Chuanwen Danish Khan |
| author_facet | Asad Khan Muhammad Mansoor Khan Jiang Chuanwen Danish Khan |
| author_sort | Asad Khan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper presents a distributed control framework for grid–forming (GFM) distributed generations (DGs), considering the objectives of active/reactive power sharing and load feeder voltage regulation in inverter–based microgrids (MGs). Battery energy storage systems (BESSs) are controlled GFM sources while solar–powered DGs are working in grid–following (GFL) mode to provide active power support. The proposed method simplifies the global optimization problem into multiple sub–optimal problems by virtually segregating each GFM source into two decoupled sources. Each sub–problem, containing at most two GFM sources and multiple GFL sources with a single distributed agent, is solvable independently using local and neighboring node information. This feature substantially minimizes computational and communication resources, allowing for solutions using low–cost digital signal processors (DSPs). Moreover, the highly distributed nature of the proposed search algorithm ensures fast solution convergence and real–time implementation in multi–agent systems (MAS). Compared to existing segregation methods like Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) and Augmented Lagrangian Alternating Direction Inexact Newton (ALADIN) schemes, which segregate the network into complex sub–networks involving several GFM sources, the proposed approach is more suitable for small–scale inverter–based MGs. The framework’s effectiveness is validated through analytical formulation, MATLAB simulations, and realistic experimental results within a multi–feeder test MG system, which includes numerous load feeders and sparsely available GFM DGs, a scenario that has received limited attention in existing literature. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ed54376fa32043ff976e36d4072ee68d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-4479 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ain Shams Engineering Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-ed54376fa32043ff976e36d4072ee68d2025-02-05T04:31:41ZengElsevierAin Shams Engineering Journal2090-44792025-02-01162103288A real–time distributed optimization control for power sharing and voltage restoration in inverter–based microgridsAsad Khan0Muhammad Mansoor Khan1Jiang Chuanwen2Danish Khan3School of Electronic, Information, and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240 China; Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Transformation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240 ChinaSchool of Electronic, Information, and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240 China; Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Transformation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240 China; Corresponding author.School of Electronic, Information, and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240 China; Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Transformation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240 ChinaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027 ChinaThis paper presents a distributed control framework for grid–forming (GFM) distributed generations (DGs), considering the objectives of active/reactive power sharing and load feeder voltage regulation in inverter–based microgrids (MGs). Battery energy storage systems (BESSs) are controlled GFM sources while solar–powered DGs are working in grid–following (GFL) mode to provide active power support. The proposed method simplifies the global optimization problem into multiple sub–optimal problems by virtually segregating each GFM source into two decoupled sources. Each sub–problem, containing at most two GFM sources and multiple GFL sources with a single distributed agent, is solvable independently using local and neighboring node information. This feature substantially minimizes computational and communication resources, allowing for solutions using low–cost digital signal processors (DSPs). Moreover, the highly distributed nature of the proposed search algorithm ensures fast solution convergence and real–time implementation in multi–agent systems (MAS). Compared to existing segregation methods like Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) and Augmented Lagrangian Alternating Direction Inexact Newton (ALADIN) schemes, which segregate the network into complex sub–networks involving several GFM sources, the proposed approach is more suitable for small–scale inverter–based MGs. The framework’s effectiveness is validated through analytical formulation, MATLAB simulations, and realistic experimental results within a multi–feeder test MG system, which includes numerous load feeders and sparsely available GFM DGs, a scenario that has received limited attention in existing literature.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2090447925000292Multi–feeder microgridsDistributed optimizationDecoupled spherical search methodbattery–powered grid–forming DGssolar–powered grid–following DGsPower sharing |
| spellingShingle | Asad Khan Muhammad Mansoor Khan Jiang Chuanwen Danish Khan A real–time distributed optimization control for power sharing and voltage restoration in inverter–based microgrids Ain Shams Engineering Journal Multi–feeder microgrids Distributed optimization Decoupled spherical search method battery–powered grid–forming DGs solar–powered grid–following DGs Power sharing |
| title | A real–time distributed optimization control for power sharing and voltage restoration in inverter–based microgrids |
| title_full | A real–time distributed optimization control for power sharing and voltage restoration in inverter–based microgrids |
| title_fullStr | A real–time distributed optimization control for power sharing and voltage restoration in inverter–based microgrids |
| title_full_unstemmed | A real–time distributed optimization control for power sharing and voltage restoration in inverter–based microgrids |
| title_short | A real–time distributed optimization control for power sharing and voltage restoration in inverter–based microgrids |
| title_sort | real time distributed optimization control for power sharing and voltage restoration in inverter based microgrids |
| topic | Multi–feeder microgrids Distributed optimization Decoupled spherical search method battery–powered grid–forming DGs solar–powered grid–following DGs Power sharing |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2090447925000292 |
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