Curvilinear relationship between life's crucial 9 and metabolic syndrome in U.S. adults: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundMetabolic Syndrome (MetS) is closely linked to cardiovascular disease. However, no studies have examined the relationship between Life’s Crucial 9 (LC9) and MetS. Our goal is to investigate the potential association between LC9 and MetS.MethodsWe employed a weighted multivariate logistic r...

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Main Authors: Bo Wang, Chunqi Jiang, Pingping Yu, Zhen Nie, Ning Wang, Xin Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-04-01
Series:Frontiers in Endocrinology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1559413/full
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author Bo Wang
Chunqi Jiang
Pingping Yu
Zhen Nie
Ning Wang
Xin Zhang
Xin Zhang
author_facet Bo Wang
Chunqi Jiang
Pingping Yu
Zhen Nie
Ning Wang
Xin Zhang
Xin Zhang
author_sort Bo Wang
collection DOAJ
description BackgroundMetabolic Syndrome (MetS) is closely linked to cardiovascular disease. However, no studies have examined the relationship between Life’s Crucial 9 (LC9) and MetS. Our goal is to investigate the potential association between LC9 and MetS.MethodsWe employed a weighted multivariate logistic regression model to evaluate the relationship between LC9, health behavior score, health factors score, and MetS. To assess the robustness of this association, we conducted sensitivity analyses. Furthermore, we utilized smooth curve fitting to investigate the potential curvilinear relationships between LC9, health behavior score, health factors score, and MetS. To pinpoint inflection points, we integrated recursive partitioning algorithms with a two-stage linear regression model. Additionally, we performed stratified analyses to explore heterogeneity across different population subgroups.ResultsOur study included a total of 28,555 participants. In the regression model that accounted for all covariates, the OR for LC9 and MetS was 0.941 (0.939, 0.944), indicating a significant negative correlation between the two. Smooth curve analysis confirmed a curvilinear relationship between LC9 and MetS, with an inflection point at 70.56. The negative correlation was evident both before and after the inflection point, with a more pronounced effect after the inflection point. Subgroup analyses of Health behavior score and Health factors score, as well as stratified analyses by age, sex, and BMI, showed that all groups exhibited curvilinear relationships consistent with the overall pattern.ConclusionThe curvilinear relationship between LC9 scores and metabolic syndrome indicates that higher LC9 scores act as a protective factor against MetS.
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spelling doaj-art-ed3beea06fc649a1bf38f8d0b5344f492025-08-20T03:10:36ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922025-04-011610.3389/fendo.2025.15594131559413Curvilinear relationship between life's crucial 9 and metabolic syndrome in U.S. adults: a cross-sectional studyBo Wang0Chunqi Jiang1Pingping Yu2Zhen Nie3Ning Wang4Xin Zhang5Xin Zhang6Central Hospital of Jinan City, Jinan, Shandong, ChinaAffiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, ChinaWendeng District People’s Hospital of Weihai City, Wendeng District, weihai, Shandong, ChinaWendeng District People’s Hospital of Weihai City, Wendeng District, weihai, Shandong, ChinaShandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, ChinaAffiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, ChinaShandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, ChinaBackgroundMetabolic Syndrome (MetS) is closely linked to cardiovascular disease. However, no studies have examined the relationship between Life’s Crucial 9 (LC9) and MetS. Our goal is to investigate the potential association between LC9 and MetS.MethodsWe employed a weighted multivariate logistic regression model to evaluate the relationship between LC9, health behavior score, health factors score, and MetS. To assess the robustness of this association, we conducted sensitivity analyses. Furthermore, we utilized smooth curve fitting to investigate the potential curvilinear relationships between LC9, health behavior score, health factors score, and MetS. To pinpoint inflection points, we integrated recursive partitioning algorithms with a two-stage linear regression model. Additionally, we performed stratified analyses to explore heterogeneity across different population subgroups.ResultsOur study included a total of 28,555 participants. In the regression model that accounted for all covariates, the OR for LC9 and MetS was 0.941 (0.939, 0.944), indicating a significant negative correlation between the two. Smooth curve analysis confirmed a curvilinear relationship between LC9 and MetS, with an inflection point at 70.56. The negative correlation was evident both before and after the inflection point, with a more pronounced effect after the inflection point. Subgroup analyses of Health behavior score and Health factors score, as well as stratified analyses by age, sex, and BMI, showed that all groups exhibited curvilinear relationships consistent with the overall pattern.ConclusionThe curvilinear relationship between LC9 scores and metabolic syndrome indicates that higher LC9 scores act as a protective factor against MetS.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1559413/fulllife’s crucial 9metabolic syndromecurvilinearNHANEScross-sectional study
spellingShingle Bo Wang
Chunqi Jiang
Pingping Yu
Zhen Nie
Ning Wang
Xin Zhang
Xin Zhang
Curvilinear relationship between life's crucial 9 and metabolic syndrome in U.S. adults: a cross-sectional study
Frontiers in Endocrinology
life’s crucial 9
metabolic syndrome
curvilinear
NHANES
cross-sectional study
title Curvilinear relationship between life's crucial 9 and metabolic syndrome in U.S. adults: a cross-sectional study
title_full Curvilinear relationship between life's crucial 9 and metabolic syndrome in U.S. adults: a cross-sectional study
title_fullStr Curvilinear relationship between life's crucial 9 and metabolic syndrome in U.S. adults: a cross-sectional study
title_full_unstemmed Curvilinear relationship between life's crucial 9 and metabolic syndrome in U.S. adults: a cross-sectional study
title_short Curvilinear relationship between life's crucial 9 and metabolic syndrome in U.S. adults: a cross-sectional study
title_sort curvilinear relationship between life s crucial 9 and metabolic syndrome in u s adults a cross sectional study
topic life’s crucial 9
metabolic syndrome
curvilinear
NHANES
cross-sectional study
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1559413/full
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