Evaluation of anesthetic, locomotor, and sedative scores for lumbosacral epidural analgesia using bupivacaine and bupivacaine-dexmedetomidine in sheep
Background: Lumbosacral epidural analgesia is one of the most important techniques for sheep anesthesia and is frequently used for surgery in caudal body regions. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the antinociceptive, locomotor, and sedative effects of lumbosacral epidural injection of bupivacai...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Tripoli University
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Open Veterinary Journal |
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| Online Access: | http://www.ejmanager.com/fulltextpdf.php?mno=247698 |
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| author | Sultan Fadel Al-Haid Sayed Fathi El-Hawari Adel Ibrahim Almubarak Zakriya Ali Al Mohamad Sherief Mohamed Abdel-Raheem Hazem Assem Youssef Ahmed Mohamed Abdallah |
| author_facet | Sultan Fadel Al-Haid Sayed Fathi El-Hawari Adel Ibrahim Almubarak Zakriya Ali Al Mohamad Sherief Mohamed Abdel-Raheem Hazem Assem Youssef Ahmed Mohamed Abdallah |
| author_sort | Sultan Fadel Al-Haid |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background:
Lumbosacral epidural analgesia is one of the most important techniques for sheep anesthesia and is frequently used for surgery in caudal body regions.
Aim:
This study aimed to evaluate the antinociceptive, locomotor, and sedative effects of lumbosacral epidural injection of bupivacaine alone or in conjunction with dexmetatomidine in sheep.
Methods:
Nine clinically healthy mixed-breed sheep were used. Each sheep received either bupivacaine (BUP) alone or bupivacaine in combination with dexmetatomidine (BUP-DEX). The heart rate, heart rhythm, respiratory rate, and rectal temperature were monitored. Anesthetic onset, recumbency duration, and unassisted standing time were recorded. Analgesic, sedative, and locomotor scores were assessed using established numeric scales.
Results:
Analgesia onset was noted after 6.50 ± 2.75 min in the BUP group and after 4.33 ± 0.67 min in the BUP-DEX group. Sheep showed tendency for recumbency in BUP group at 3.33 ± 1.28 min after epidural injection and at 3.00 ± 0.68 min after epidural injection in the BUP-DEX group. Animals tended to stand earlier in the BUP group (199.83 ± 23.55 min) than in the BUP-DEX group (496.00 ± 82.97 min) (p = 0.014). Marked sedation was noted in the BUP-DEX group. Motor block was detected in both groups. The analgesic score was more intense and had a longer duration in BUP-DEX than in BUP. Minimal cardiorespiratory changes were observed in BUP-DEX.
Conclusion:
Briefly, using of bupivacaine-dexmedetomidine mixture for epidural anesthesia is an important technique in sheep subjected to long-term surgical operations in the tail, perineal, inguinal, hind limb, flank, and umbilical regions with sufficient sedation, long-term recumbency, and minimal side effects. [Open Vet J 2025; 15(4.000): 1803-1811] |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ed2e45e598e04f07a9b6985c5830992f |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2226-4485 2218-6050 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Tripoli University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Open Veterinary Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-ed2e45e598e04f07a9b6985c5830992f2025-08-20T03:09:38ZengTripoli UniversityOpen Veterinary Journal2226-44852218-60502025-04-011541803181110.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i4.33247698Evaluation of anesthetic, locomotor, and sedative scores for lumbosacral epidural analgesia using bupivacaine and bupivacaine-dexmedetomidine in sheepSultan Fadel Al-Haid0Sayed Fathi El-Hawari1Adel Ibrahim Almubarak2Zakriya Ali Al Mohamad3Sherief Mohamed Abdel-Raheem4Hazem Assem Youssef5Ahmed Mohamed Abdallah6Department of Clinical Sciences, Collage of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Hofuf 31982, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia Department of Clinical Sciences, Collage of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Hofuf 31982, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. Department of Clinical Sciences, Collage of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Hofuf 31982, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. Department of Clinical Sciences, Collage of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Hofuf 31982, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia Department of Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Hofuf 31982, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia Department of Surgery, Anaesthesiology and Radiology. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt. Department of Surgery, Anaesthesiology and Radiology. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt.Background: Lumbosacral epidural analgesia is one of the most important techniques for sheep anesthesia and is frequently used for surgery in caudal body regions. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the antinociceptive, locomotor, and sedative effects of lumbosacral epidural injection of bupivacaine alone or in conjunction with dexmetatomidine in sheep. Methods: Nine clinically healthy mixed-breed sheep were used. Each sheep received either bupivacaine (BUP) alone or bupivacaine in combination with dexmetatomidine (BUP-DEX). The heart rate, heart rhythm, respiratory rate, and rectal temperature were monitored. Anesthetic onset, recumbency duration, and unassisted standing time were recorded. Analgesic, sedative, and locomotor scores were assessed using established numeric scales. Results: Analgesia onset was noted after 6.50 ± 2.75 min in the BUP group and after 4.33 ± 0.67 min in the BUP-DEX group. Sheep showed tendency for recumbency in BUP group at 3.33 ± 1.28 min after epidural injection and at 3.00 ± 0.68 min after epidural injection in the BUP-DEX group. Animals tended to stand earlier in the BUP group (199.83 ± 23.55 min) than in the BUP-DEX group (496.00 ± 82.97 min) (p = 0.014). Marked sedation was noted in the BUP-DEX group. Motor block was detected in both groups. The analgesic score was more intense and had a longer duration in BUP-DEX than in BUP. Minimal cardiorespiratory changes were observed in BUP-DEX. Conclusion: Briefly, using of bupivacaine-dexmedetomidine mixture for epidural anesthesia is an important technique in sheep subjected to long-term surgical operations in the tail, perineal, inguinal, hind limb, flank, and umbilical regions with sufficient sedation, long-term recumbency, and minimal side effects. [Open Vet J 2025; 15(4.000): 1803-1811]http://www.ejmanager.com/fulltextpdf.php?mno=247698bupivacainedexmedetomidineepidural anesthesiasheep |
| spellingShingle | Sultan Fadel Al-Haid Sayed Fathi El-Hawari Adel Ibrahim Almubarak Zakriya Ali Al Mohamad Sherief Mohamed Abdel-Raheem Hazem Assem Youssef Ahmed Mohamed Abdallah Evaluation of anesthetic, locomotor, and sedative scores for lumbosacral epidural analgesia using bupivacaine and bupivacaine-dexmedetomidine in sheep Open Veterinary Journal bupivacaine dexmedetomidine epidural anesthesia sheep |
| title | Evaluation of anesthetic, locomotor, and sedative scores for lumbosacral epidural analgesia using bupivacaine and bupivacaine-dexmedetomidine in sheep |
| title_full | Evaluation of anesthetic, locomotor, and sedative scores for lumbosacral epidural analgesia using bupivacaine and bupivacaine-dexmedetomidine in sheep |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of anesthetic, locomotor, and sedative scores for lumbosacral epidural analgesia using bupivacaine and bupivacaine-dexmedetomidine in sheep |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of anesthetic, locomotor, and sedative scores for lumbosacral epidural analgesia using bupivacaine and bupivacaine-dexmedetomidine in sheep |
| title_short | Evaluation of anesthetic, locomotor, and sedative scores for lumbosacral epidural analgesia using bupivacaine and bupivacaine-dexmedetomidine in sheep |
| title_sort | evaluation of anesthetic locomotor and sedative scores for lumbosacral epidural analgesia using bupivacaine and bupivacaine dexmedetomidine in sheep |
| topic | bupivacaine dexmedetomidine epidural anesthesia sheep |
| url | http://www.ejmanager.com/fulltextpdf.php?mno=247698 |
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