Acute Phase Effect of Memantine Hydrochloride in Experimental Peripheral Nerve Injury

Aim In this experimental study, we aimed to investigate possible healing effects of memantine hydrochloride, an N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist, with clinical, biochemical, and histopathologic methods on acute peripheral nerve injury (PNI). Material and Method Forty-eight adult Wistar albino...

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Main Authors: Hakan AK, Iskender Samet Daltaban, Sevilay Vural
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd. 2019-08-01
Series:Indian Journal of Neurosurgery
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Online Access:http://www.thieme-connect.de/DOI/DOI?10.1055/s-0039-1695668
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author Hakan AK
Iskender Samet Daltaban
Sevilay Vural
author_facet Hakan AK
Iskender Samet Daltaban
Sevilay Vural
author_sort Hakan AK
collection DOAJ
description Aim In this experimental study, we aimed to investigate possible healing effects of memantine hydrochloride, an N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist, with clinical, biochemical, and histopathologic methods on acute peripheral nerve injury (PNI). Material and Method Forty-eight adult Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups (n = 12). The groups were arranged as sham-operated group (group 1), acute compression model group (group 2), trauma + low-dose memantine group (group 3), and trauma + high-dose memantine group (group 4). Memantine was administered intraperitoneally for 7 days. Subjects were sacrificed after the measurement of the sciatic nerve function index (SNFI) on the eighth day. Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were measured in nerve tissues. Histopathologic evaluation was performed by electron microscopy. Results The mean sciatic function index (SFI) scores of groups 1 to 4 were +3.27 (standard deviation [SD] ±4.66),–18.2 (SD = ±11.7),–8.5 (SD = ±7.5), and–2.5 (SD = ±9), respectively. The mean COX-2 values were 0.98 ng/mL (SD = ±0.51), 1.89 ng/mL (SD = ±0.22), 1.39 ng/mL (SD = ±0.36), and 1.35 ng/mL (SD = ±0.59), respectively. TNF-α values were 0.09 pg/mL (SD = ±0.23), 1 pg/mL (SD = ±0.96), 0.46 pg/mL (SD = ±0.55), and 0.48 pg/mL (SD = ±0.78), respectively. Group 1 showed normal histologic findings. Group 2 showed marked edema particularly in large-diameter myelins. Myelin configurations were detected in large myelinated axons in group 3. The number of mast cells in endoneurium was high in group 4. Conclusion The efficacy of memantine in the acute phase of PNI appears to be significant according to the SNFI and biochemical tests. However, histologic findings suggest that high doses of memantine have a negative effect on PNI.
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spelling doaj-art-ecfb0d74e8f143d6bfa5262f687317d12025-08-20T02:04:54ZengThieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.Indian Journal of Neurosurgery2277-954X2277-91672019-08-01080211311810.1055/s-0039-1695668Acute Phase Effect of Memantine Hydrochloride in Experimental Peripheral Nerve InjuryHakan AK0Iskender Samet Daltaban1Sevilay Vural2Department of Neurosurgery, Bozok University Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat, TurkeyDepartment of Neurosurgery, Bozok University Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat, TurkeyDepartment of Emergency, Bozok University Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat, TurkeyAim In this experimental study, we aimed to investigate possible healing effects of memantine hydrochloride, an N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist, with clinical, biochemical, and histopathologic methods on acute peripheral nerve injury (PNI). Material and Method Forty-eight adult Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups (n = 12). The groups were arranged as sham-operated group (group 1), acute compression model group (group 2), trauma + low-dose memantine group (group 3), and trauma + high-dose memantine group (group 4). Memantine was administered intraperitoneally for 7 days. Subjects were sacrificed after the measurement of the sciatic nerve function index (SNFI) on the eighth day. Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were measured in nerve tissues. Histopathologic evaluation was performed by electron microscopy. Results The mean sciatic function index (SFI) scores of groups 1 to 4 were +3.27 (standard deviation [SD] ±4.66),–18.2 (SD = ±11.7),–8.5 (SD = ±7.5), and–2.5 (SD = ±9), respectively. The mean COX-2 values were 0.98 ng/mL (SD = ±0.51), 1.89 ng/mL (SD = ±0.22), 1.39 ng/mL (SD = ±0.36), and 1.35 ng/mL (SD = ±0.59), respectively. TNF-α values were 0.09 pg/mL (SD = ±0.23), 1 pg/mL (SD = ±0.96), 0.46 pg/mL (SD = ±0.55), and 0.48 pg/mL (SD = ±0.78), respectively. Group 1 showed normal histologic findings. Group 2 showed marked edema particularly in large-diameter myelins. Myelin configurations were detected in large myelinated axons in group 3. The number of mast cells in endoneurium was high in group 4. Conclusion The efficacy of memantine in the acute phase of PNI appears to be significant according to the SNFI and biochemical tests. However, histologic findings suggest that high doses of memantine have a negative effect on PNI.http://www.thieme-connect.de/DOI/DOI?10.1055/s-0039-1695668peripheral nerve injurymemantinecyclooxygenase-2
spellingShingle Hakan AK
Iskender Samet Daltaban
Sevilay Vural
Acute Phase Effect of Memantine Hydrochloride in Experimental Peripheral Nerve Injury
Indian Journal of Neurosurgery
peripheral nerve injury
memantine
cyclooxygenase-2
title Acute Phase Effect of Memantine Hydrochloride in Experimental Peripheral Nerve Injury
title_full Acute Phase Effect of Memantine Hydrochloride in Experimental Peripheral Nerve Injury
title_fullStr Acute Phase Effect of Memantine Hydrochloride in Experimental Peripheral Nerve Injury
title_full_unstemmed Acute Phase Effect of Memantine Hydrochloride in Experimental Peripheral Nerve Injury
title_short Acute Phase Effect of Memantine Hydrochloride in Experimental Peripheral Nerve Injury
title_sort acute phase effect of memantine hydrochloride in experimental peripheral nerve injury
topic peripheral nerve injury
memantine
cyclooxygenase-2
url http://www.thieme-connect.de/DOI/DOI?10.1055/s-0039-1695668
work_keys_str_mv AT hakanak acutephaseeffectofmemantinehydrochlorideinexperimentalperipheralnerveinjury
AT iskendersametdaltaban acutephaseeffectofmemantinehydrochlorideinexperimentalperipheralnerveinjury
AT sevilayvural acutephaseeffectofmemantinehydrochlorideinexperimentalperipheralnerveinjury