The Role of Chemotactic Cytokines in Tick-Borne Encephalitis
In tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), the central nervous system (CNS) is infiltrated by a mixed leukocyte population contributing both to the infection control and the immune-mediated pathology. To elucidate the roles of chemotactic cytokines in this process, we measured concentrations of 25 cytokines...
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MDPI AG
2025-03-01
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| author | Sambor Grygorczuk Piotr Czupryna Diana Martonik Anna Parfieniuk-Kowerda Justyna Adamczuk Justyna Dunaj-Małyszko Maciej Giecko Joanna Osada Miłosz Parczewski Robert Flisiak Anna Moniuszko-Malinowska |
| author_facet | Sambor Grygorczuk Piotr Czupryna Diana Martonik Anna Parfieniuk-Kowerda Justyna Adamczuk Justyna Dunaj-Małyszko Maciej Giecko Joanna Osada Miłosz Parczewski Robert Flisiak Anna Moniuszko-Malinowska |
| author_sort | Sambor Grygorczuk |
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| description | In tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), the central nervous system (CNS) is infiltrated by a mixed leukocyte population contributing both to the infection control and the immune-mediated pathology. To elucidate the roles of chemotactic cytokines in this process, we measured concentrations of 25 cytokines in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) simultaneously with total CSF leukocyte count (pleocytosis) and leukocyte subpopulation counts in 103 TBE patients. We created models describing the dependence of pleocytosis and clinical severity on cytokine concentrations. Ten polymorphisms in genes for cytokines or their receptors were studied with rtPCR in patients’ DNA samples. The strongest chemotactic gradients towards CSF were created by CXCL1, IL-8, CXCL10, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL7, CCL8, CCL19 and CCL20. Neutrophil counts in CSF correlated with concentrations of CXCL1 and IL-8 and lymphocyte counts with IL-16, CCL19, CCL20, CCL4, CXCL12, and CXCL13. The milder disease is associated with CCL11, CCL19, CXCL10 and CXCL13,-while the more severe with CXCL1 and CCL20. The polymorphisms in the genes <i>CCR2</i>, <i>CCL5</i>, <i>CXCR3</i> and <i>CX3CR1</i> are associated with the cytokine concentrations and pleocytosis, but not with clinical severity. Multiple chemotactic cytokines contribute to pleocytosis in TBE, with no straightforward relationship between their effects on pleocytosis and the clinical presentation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ece0d14a3fad4530bae3b0505b107ce0 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj-art-ece0d14a3fad4530bae3b0505b107ce02025-08-20T02:09:11ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092025-03-0114749010.3390/cells14070490The Role of Chemotactic Cytokines in Tick-Borne EncephalitisSambor Grygorczuk0Piotr Czupryna1Diana Martonik2Anna Parfieniuk-Kowerda3Justyna Adamczuk4Justyna Dunaj-Małyszko5Maciej Giecko6Joanna Osada7Miłosz Parczewski8Robert Flisiak9Anna Moniuszko-Malinowska10Department of the Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University in Białystok, 15-089 Białystok, PolandDepartment of the Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University in Białystok, 15-089 Białystok, PolandDepartment of the Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University in Białystok, 15-089 Białystok, PolandDepartment of the Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University in Białystok, 15-089 Białystok, PolandUniversity Hospital in Białystok, 15-276 Białystok, PolandDepartment of the Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University in Białystok, 15-089 Białystok, PolandDepartment of the Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University in Białystok, 15-089 Białystok, PolandDepartment of the Hematologic Diagnostics, Medical University in Białystok, 15-089 Białystok, PolandDepartment of the Infectious Diseases, Tropical Diseases and Acquired Immunodeficiencies, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, PolandDepartment of the Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University in Białystok, 15-089 Białystok, PolandDepartment of the Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University in Białystok, 15-089 Białystok, PolandIn tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), the central nervous system (CNS) is infiltrated by a mixed leukocyte population contributing both to the infection control and the immune-mediated pathology. To elucidate the roles of chemotactic cytokines in this process, we measured concentrations of 25 cytokines in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) simultaneously with total CSF leukocyte count (pleocytosis) and leukocyte subpopulation counts in 103 TBE patients. We created models describing the dependence of pleocytosis and clinical severity on cytokine concentrations. Ten polymorphisms in genes for cytokines or their receptors were studied with rtPCR in patients’ DNA samples. The strongest chemotactic gradients towards CSF were created by CXCL1, IL-8, CXCL10, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL7, CCL8, CCL19 and CCL20. Neutrophil counts in CSF correlated with concentrations of CXCL1 and IL-8 and lymphocyte counts with IL-16, CCL19, CCL20, CCL4, CXCL12, and CXCL13. The milder disease is associated with CCL11, CCL19, CXCL10 and CXCL13,-while the more severe with CXCL1 and CCL20. The polymorphisms in the genes <i>CCR2</i>, <i>CCL5</i>, <i>CXCR3</i> and <i>CX3CR1</i> are associated with the cytokine concentrations and pleocytosis, but not with clinical severity. Multiple chemotactic cytokines contribute to pleocytosis in TBE, with no straightforward relationship between their effects on pleocytosis and the clinical presentation.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/14/7/490tick-borne encephalitiscerebrospinal fluidintrathecal immunitypleocytosischemotaxischemokines |
| spellingShingle | Sambor Grygorczuk Piotr Czupryna Diana Martonik Anna Parfieniuk-Kowerda Justyna Adamczuk Justyna Dunaj-Małyszko Maciej Giecko Joanna Osada Miłosz Parczewski Robert Flisiak Anna Moniuszko-Malinowska The Role of Chemotactic Cytokines in Tick-Borne Encephalitis Cells tick-borne encephalitis cerebrospinal fluid intrathecal immunity pleocytosis chemotaxis chemokines |
| title | The Role of Chemotactic Cytokines in Tick-Borne Encephalitis |
| title_full | The Role of Chemotactic Cytokines in Tick-Borne Encephalitis |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Chemotactic Cytokines in Tick-Borne Encephalitis |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Chemotactic Cytokines in Tick-Borne Encephalitis |
| title_short | The Role of Chemotactic Cytokines in Tick-Borne Encephalitis |
| title_sort | role of chemotactic cytokines in tick borne encephalitis |
| topic | tick-borne encephalitis cerebrospinal fluid intrathecal immunity pleocytosis chemotaxis chemokines |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/14/7/490 |
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