Strategies and Methods for Upscaling Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication from Lab-Scale to Commercial-Area Fabrication
Perovskite, as a promising candidate for the next generation of photovoltaic materials, has attracted extensive attention. To date, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has reached 26.7%, which is competitive with that of commercial silicon cells. However, high PCE...
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/10/2221 |
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| author | Mengna Sun Zhiqiang Jiao Peng Wang Xiaohu Li Guangcai Yuan |
| author_facet | Mengna Sun Zhiqiang Jiao Peng Wang Xiaohu Li Guangcai Yuan |
| author_sort | Mengna Sun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Perovskite, as a promising candidate for the next generation of photovoltaic materials, has attracted extensive attention. To date, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has reached 26.7%, which is competitive with that of commercial silicon cells. However, high PCE is usually achieved in devices with a small surface area fabricated by the spin-coating method. Perovskite thin films, as the most important layer, suffer from poor uniformity and crystallization caused by the large-area fabrication process, which leads to a dramatic drop in efficiency and exhibits poor reproducibility. Here, we summarize common architectures of PSC and perovskite solar modules (PSMs), as well as analyzing the reasons for efficiency loss on the modules. Subsequently, the review describes the mechanism of perovskite growth in detail, and then sums up recent research on small-to-large-area perovskite devices. Large-area fabrication methods mainly include blade coating, slot-die coating, spray-coating, inkjet printing, and screen printing. Moreover, we compare the advantages and disadvantages of each method and their corresponding mechanisms and research progress. The review aims to provide potential logical conclusions and directions for the commercial large-area perovskite fabrication process. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ecdaeb74d0d54fafa4c01959a7189e9b |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj-art-ecdaeb74d0d54fafa4c01959a7189e9b2025-08-20T03:14:32ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492025-05-013010222110.3390/molecules30102221Strategies and Methods for Upscaling Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication from Lab-Scale to Commercial-Area FabricationMengna Sun0Zhiqiang Jiao1Peng Wang2Xiaohu Li3Guangcai Yuan4BOE Technology Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, ChinaBOE Technology Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, ChinaBOE Technology Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, ChinaBOE Technology Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, ChinaBOE Technology Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, ChinaPerovskite, as a promising candidate for the next generation of photovoltaic materials, has attracted extensive attention. To date, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has reached 26.7%, which is competitive with that of commercial silicon cells. However, high PCE is usually achieved in devices with a small surface area fabricated by the spin-coating method. Perovskite thin films, as the most important layer, suffer from poor uniformity and crystallization caused by the large-area fabrication process, which leads to a dramatic drop in efficiency and exhibits poor reproducibility. Here, we summarize common architectures of PSC and perovskite solar modules (PSMs), as well as analyzing the reasons for efficiency loss on the modules. Subsequently, the review describes the mechanism of perovskite growth in detail, and then sums up recent research on small-to-large-area perovskite devices. Large-area fabrication methods mainly include blade coating, slot-die coating, spray-coating, inkjet printing, and screen printing. Moreover, we compare the advantages and disadvantages of each method and their corresponding mechanisms and research progress. The review aims to provide potential logical conclusions and directions for the commercial large-area perovskite fabrication process.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/10/2221perovskite solar celllarge-area fabricationpower conversion efficiencynucleation |
| spellingShingle | Mengna Sun Zhiqiang Jiao Peng Wang Xiaohu Li Guangcai Yuan Strategies and Methods for Upscaling Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication from Lab-Scale to Commercial-Area Fabrication Molecules perovskite solar cell large-area fabrication power conversion efficiency nucleation |
| title | Strategies and Methods for Upscaling Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication from Lab-Scale to Commercial-Area Fabrication |
| title_full | Strategies and Methods for Upscaling Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication from Lab-Scale to Commercial-Area Fabrication |
| title_fullStr | Strategies and Methods for Upscaling Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication from Lab-Scale to Commercial-Area Fabrication |
| title_full_unstemmed | Strategies and Methods for Upscaling Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication from Lab-Scale to Commercial-Area Fabrication |
| title_short | Strategies and Methods for Upscaling Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication from Lab-Scale to Commercial-Area Fabrication |
| title_sort | strategies and methods for upscaling perovskite solar cell fabrication from lab scale to commercial area fabrication |
| topic | perovskite solar cell large-area fabrication power conversion efficiency nucleation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/10/2221 |
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