Quantifying Methane Emissions Using Satellite Data: Application of the Integrated Methane Inversion (IMI) Model to Assess Danish Emissions

Quantifying Methane Emissions Using Satellite Data: Application of the Integrated Methane Inversion (IMI) Model to Assess Danish Emissions

After stabilizing in the mid-2000s, atmospheric methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) levels have accelerated over the past decade. In response, satellite-based inversion techniques have been employed to meet the increasing demands of the climate community. In this study, the Integrated Methane Inver...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Angel Liduvino Vara-Vela, Noelia Rojas Benavente, Ole-Kenneth Nielsen, Janaina Pinto Nascimento, Rafaela Alves, Mario Gavidia-Calderon, Christoffer Karoff
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Remote Sensing
Subjects:
atmospheric methane
methane emissions
inverse modeling
TROPOMI observations
IMI model
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/23/4554
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Summary:After stabilizing in the mid-2000s, atmospheric methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) levels have accelerated over the past decade. In response, satellite-based inversion techniques have been employed to meet the increasing demands of the climate community. In this study, the Integrated Methane Inversion (IMI) model, a novel approach based on the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI), is used to quantify CH<sub>4</sub> emissions across Denmark. Over 900,000 TROPOMI observations from spring to early autumn of 2018–2022 were used to inform the inversions. Overall, TROPOMI CH<sub>4</sub> concentrations within the inversion domain showed an upward trend of approximately 12.71 ppb per year, reflecting the global trend. Excluding 2022, which included only four months of data, the inversions suggest an underestimation of emissions by 190(160–215) × 10<sup>3</sup> tonnes, or 66(56–75)% of prior estimates. Northern and southern Jutland, along with the Copenhagen metropolitan area, were identified as key sources of CH<sub>4</sub> emissions. Additionally, the inversions indicated a decline in emissions during the COVID-19 pandemic, despite stable activity data. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using the IMI model to monitor CH<sub>4</sub> emissions in small countries like Denmark, offering a satellite-based perspective to better identify and mitigate these emissions.
ISSN:2072-4292

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