Nutritional Composition and Sensory Acceptability of Stinging Nettle (Urtica simensis) Flour-Supplemented Unleavened Maize (Zea mays L.) Flatbread (Kitta)

In Ethiopia, a few studies had been conducted to improve the nutritional values and sensory acceptability of maize-based flatbread. These studies did not address indigenous edible wild green vegetables like stinging nettle (Urtica simensis). Consequently, there was a scientific report gap on the eff...

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Main Authors: Tona Zema Diddana, Gezahegn Nigusse Kelkay, Endale Elisho Tescha
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2021-01-01
Series:International Journal of Food Science
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6666358
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author Tona Zema Diddana
Gezahegn Nigusse Kelkay
Endale Elisho Tescha
author_facet Tona Zema Diddana
Gezahegn Nigusse Kelkay
Endale Elisho Tescha
author_sort Tona Zema Diddana
collection DOAJ
description In Ethiopia, a few studies had been conducted to improve the nutritional values and sensory acceptability of maize-based flatbread. These studies did not address indigenous edible wild green vegetables like stinging nettle (Urtica simensis). Consequently, there was a scientific report gap on the effect of incorporating stinging nettle leaf flour into local staple foods like flatbread. Therefore, this study was intended to investigate the nutritional composition and sensory acceptability of unleavened maize (Zea mays L.) flatbread (Kitta) supplemented with stinging nettle (Urtica simensis) flour. The flatbread was developed from composite flour of germinated maize and nettle leaf in a ratio of 90 : 10, 85 : 15, 80 : 20, and 75 : 25, respectively. Hundred percent (100%) nongerminated maize flour flatbread was used as control. Proximate composition, minerals (Fe, Zn, and Ca), and vitamin C contents were analyzed. The sensory acceptability test was rated by a nine-point hedonic scale. The result revealed that crude protein and fat decreased from 11.02 g to 7.21 g and 1.12 g to 0.48 g, respectively, when the amount of nettle flour supplementation increased from 0% to 25%. On the contrary, total ash, crude fiber, and total carbohydrate slightly increased from 1.84 to 3.81 g, 2.19 to 3.05, and 75.53 to 80.05 g, respectively. The calcium, zinc, and iron content significantly (p<0.05) increased from 60.51 to 283.74 mg, 5.09 to 9.24 mg, and 1.72 to 3.59 mg when the amount of nettle flour increased from 0% to 25%, respectively. All sensory acceptability tests showed decrement with increasing the amount of nettle flour, but the control group has the highest acceptability.
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publishDate 2021-01-01
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spelling doaj-art-ecc693fe8dc8486489843482875394882025-08-20T02:22:06ZengWileyInternational Journal of Food Science2356-70152314-57652021-01-01202110.1155/2021/66663586666358Nutritional Composition and Sensory Acceptability of Stinging Nettle (Urtica simensis) Flour-Supplemented Unleavened Maize (Zea mays L.) Flatbread (Kitta)Tona Zema Diddana0Gezahegn Nigusse Kelkay1Endale Elisho Tescha2School of Nutrition, Food Science and Technology, Hawassa University, Hawassa, EthiopiaSchool of Nutrition, Food Science and Technology, Hawassa University, Hawassa, EthiopiaSchool of Nutrition, Food Science and Technology, Hawassa University, Hawassa, EthiopiaIn Ethiopia, a few studies had been conducted to improve the nutritional values and sensory acceptability of maize-based flatbread. These studies did not address indigenous edible wild green vegetables like stinging nettle (Urtica simensis). Consequently, there was a scientific report gap on the effect of incorporating stinging nettle leaf flour into local staple foods like flatbread. Therefore, this study was intended to investigate the nutritional composition and sensory acceptability of unleavened maize (Zea mays L.) flatbread (Kitta) supplemented with stinging nettle (Urtica simensis) flour. The flatbread was developed from composite flour of germinated maize and nettle leaf in a ratio of 90 : 10, 85 : 15, 80 : 20, and 75 : 25, respectively. Hundred percent (100%) nongerminated maize flour flatbread was used as control. Proximate composition, minerals (Fe, Zn, and Ca), and vitamin C contents were analyzed. The sensory acceptability test was rated by a nine-point hedonic scale. The result revealed that crude protein and fat decreased from 11.02 g to 7.21 g and 1.12 g to 0.48 g, respectively, when the amount of nettle flour supplementation increased from 0% to 25%. On the contrary, total ash, crude fiber, and total carbohydrate slightly increased from 1.84 to 3.81 g, 2.19 to 3.05, and 75.53 to 80.05 g, respectively. The calcium, zinc, and iron content significantly (p<0.05) increased from 60.51 to 283.74 mg, 5.09 to 9.24 mg, and 1.72 to 3.59 mg when the amount of nettle flour increased from 0% to 25%, respectively. All sensory acceptability tests showed decrement with increasing the amount of nettle flour, but the control group has the highest acceptability.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6666358
spellingShingle Tona Zema Diddana
Gezahegn Nigusse Kelkay
Endale Elisho Tescha
Nutritional Composition and Sensory Acceptability of Stinging Nettle (Urtica simensis) Flour-Supplemented Unleavened Maize (Zea mays L.) Flatbread (Kitta)
International Journal of Food Science
title Nutritional Composition and Sensory Acceptability of Stinging Nettle (Urtica simensis) Flour-Supplemented Unleavened Maize (Zea mays L.) Flatbread (Kitta)
title_full Nutritional Composition and Sensory Acceptability of Stinging Nettle (Urtica simensis) Flour-Supplemented Unleavened Maize (Zea mays L.) Flatbread (Kitta)
title_fullStr Nutritional Composition and Sensory Acceptability of Stinging Nettle (Urtica simensis) Flour-Supplemented Unleavened Maize (Zea mays L.) Flatbread (Kitta)
title_full_unstemmed Nutritional Composition and Sensory Acceptability of Stinging Nettle (Urtica simensis) Flour-Supplemented Unleavened Maize (Zea mays L.) Flatbread (Kitta)
title_short Nutritional Composition and Sensory Acceptability of Stinging Nettle (Urtica simensis) Flour-Supplemented Unleavened Maize (Zea mays L.) Flatbread (Kitta)
title_sort nutritional composition and sensory acceptability of stinging nettle urtica simensis flour supplemented unleavened maize zea mays l flatbread kitta
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6666358
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