Improved cancer detection through feature selection using the binary Al Biruni Earth radius algorithm

Abstract With the advancement of medical technology, a large amount of complex data on cancers is produced for diagnosing and treating cancers. However, not all this data is useful, as many features are redundant or irrelevant, which can reduce the accuracy of machine learning models. Metaheuristic...

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Main Authors: El-Sayed M. El-Kenawy, Nima Khodadadi, Marwa M. Eid, Ehsaneh Khodadadi, Ehsan Khodadadi, Doaa Sami Khafaga, Amel Ali Alhussan, Abdelhameed Ibrahim, Mohamed Saber
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-03-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-92187-2
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author El-Sayed M. El-Kenawy
Nima Khodadadi
Marwa M. Eid
Ehsaneh Khodadadi
Ehsan Khodadadi
Doaa Sami Khafaga
Amel Ali Alhussan
Abdelhameed Ibrahim
Mohamed Saber
author_facet El-Sayed M. El-Kenawy
Nima Khodadadi
Marwa M. Eid
Ehsaneh Khodadadi
Ehsan Khodadadi
Doaa Sami Khafaga
Amel Ali Alhussan
Abdelhameed Ibrahim
Mohamed Saber
author_sort El-Sayed M. El-Kenawy
collection DOAJ
description Abstract With the advancement of medical technology, a large amount of complex data on cancers is produced for diagnosing and treating cancers. However, not all this data is useful, as many features are redundant or irrelevant, which can reduce the accuracy of machine learning models. Metaheuristic algorithms have been employed to select features to address this issue. Although the efficacy of these algorithms has been demonstrated, challenges related to scalability and efficiency persist when handling large medical datasets. In this study, a binary version of the Advanced Al-Biruni Earth Radius (bABER) algorithm is proposed for the intelligent removal of unnecessary data and identifying the most essential features for cancer detection. Unlike traditional methods that rely on a single approach, bABER is evaluated using seven medical datasets and compared with eight widely used binary metaheuristic algorithms, including bSC, bPSO, bWAO, bGWO, bMVO, bSBO, bFA, and bGA. Statistical tests such as ANOVA and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test are conducted to ensure a thorough performance assessment. The results indicate that the bABER algorithm significantly outperforms other methods, making it a valuable tool for improving cancer diagnosis. By refining feature selection, this approach enhances existing machine learning models, leading to more accurate and reliable medical predictions. This study contributes to improved data-driven decision-making in healthcare, bringing the field closer to faster and more precise cancer detection.
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spelling doaj-art-ec86cebc25834b80af4a120cecb2067d2025-08-20T02:41:34ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-03-0115111910.1038/s41598-025-92187-2Improved cancer detection through feature selection using the binary Al Biruni Earth radius algorithmEl-Sayed M. El-Kenawy0Nima Khodadadi1Marwa M. Eid2Ehsaneh Khodadadi3Ehsan Khodadadi4Doaa Sami Khafaga5Amel Ali Alhussan6Abdelhameed Ibrahim7Mohamed Saber8School of ICT, Faculty of Engineering, Design and Information & Communications Technology (EDICT), Bahrain PolytechnicDepartment of Civil and Architectural Engineering, University of MiamiFaculty of Artificial Intelligence, Delta University for Science and TechnologyDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of ArkansasDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of ArkansasDepartment of Computer Sciences, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityDepartment of Computer Sciences, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversitySchool of ICT, Faculty of Engineering, Design and Information & Communications Technology (EDICT), Bahrain PolytechnicElectronics and Communications Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Delta University for Science and TechnologyAbstract With the advancement of medical technology, a large amount of complex data on cancers is produced for diagnosing and treating cancers. However, not all this data is useful, as many features are redundant or irrelevant, which can reduce the accuracy of machine learning models. Metaheuristic algorithms have been employed to select features to address this issue. Although the efficacy of these algorithms has been demonstrated, challenges related to scalability and efficiency persist when handling large medical datasets. In this study, a binary version of the Advanced Al-Biruni Earth Radius (bABER) algorithm is proposed for the intelligent removal of unnecessary data and identifying the most essential features for cancer detection. Unlike traditional methods that rely on a single approach, bABER is evaluated using seven medical datasets and compared with eight widely used binary metaheuristic algorithms, including bSC, bPSO, bWAO, bGWO, bMVO, bSBO, bFA, and bGA. Statistical tests such as ANOVA and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test are conducted to ensure a thorough performance assessment. The results indicate that the bABER algorithm significantly outperforms other methods, making it a valuable tool for improving cancer diagnosis. By refining feature selection, this approach enhances existing machine learning models, leading to more accurate and reliable medical predictions. This study contributes to improved data-driven decision-making in healthcare, bringing the field closer to faster and more precise cancer detection.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-92187-2Medical datasetFeature selectionAl-Biruni Earth radius optimization algorithmCancer treatment
spellingShingle El-Sayed M. El-Kenawy
Nima Khodadadi
Marwa M. Eid
Ehsaneh Khodadadi
Ehsan Khodadadi
Doaa Sami Khafaga
Amel Ali Alhussan
Abdelhameed Ibrahim
Mohamed Saber
Improved cancer detection through feature selection using the binary Al Biruni Earth radius algorithm
Scientific Reports
Medical dataset
Feature selection
Al-Biruni Earth radius optimization algorithm
Cancer treatment
title Improved cancer detection through feature selection using the binary Al Biruni Earth radius algorithm
title_full Improved cancer detection through feature selection using the binary Al Biruni Earth radius algorithm
title_fullStr Improved cancer detection through feature selection using the binary Al Biruni Earth radius algorithm
title_full_unstemmed Improved cancer detection through feature selection using the binary Al Biruni Earth radius algorithm
title_short Improved cancer detection through feature selection using the binary Al Biruni Earth radius algorithm
title_sort improved cancer detection through feature selection using the binary al biruni earth radius algorithm
topic Medical dataset
Feature selection
Al-Biruni Earth radius optimization algorithm
Cancer treatment
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-92187-2
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