Impact of polycystic ovary syndrome on the atherogenic plasma index: A retrospective analysis

Abstract Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common metabolic disorder in women and is characterized by chronic oligomenorrhea and hyperandrogenism, often accompanied by insulin resistance. In women with PCOS, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, and impaired lipid metabolism co...

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Main Authors: Huseyin Demirci, Burak Menekse, Enes Ucgul, Yuksel Onaran, Seyit Murat Bayram, Erman Cakal
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:BMC Endocrine Disorders
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-025-02008-w
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author Huseyin Demirci
Burak Menekse
Enes Ucgul
Yuksel Onaran
Seyit Murat Bayram
Erman Cakal
author_facet Huseyin Demirci
Burak Menekse
Enes Ucgul
Yuksel Onaran
Seyit Murat Bayram
Erman Cakal
author_sort Huseyin Demirci
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common metabolic disorder in women and is characterized by chronic oligomenorrhea and hyperandrogenism, often accompanied by insulin resistance. In women with PCOS, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, and impaired lipid metabolism contribute to an increased risk of atherogenesis. Methods Our study was conducted retrospectively on 347 women with PCOS and 132 healthy women who presented at our clinic. The impact of PCOS on the atherogenic plasma index (AIP) was assessed using multivariable linear regression analysis. Results The AIP was significantly greater in women with PCOS than in controls (p-value < 0.001). A marked increase in AIP was observed when the body mass index (BMI) was ≥ 35 kg/m² (p-value < 0.001). AIP was positively correlated with BMI (r = 0.174, p-value = 0.001) and the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) score (r = 0.294, p-value < 0.001). In the multivariable linear regression model including all participants, PCOS diagnosis (B = 0.146, 95% CI = 0.082–0.210; p-value < 0.001) and HOMA-IR (B = 0.017, 95% CI = 0.011–0.022; p-value < 0.001) independently predicted higher AIP. These findings identify PCOS and insulin resistance as independent risk factors for increased atherogenicity. Conclusions PCOS diagnosis and HOMA-IR are independent risk factors for increased atherogenicity. The increased atherogenic burden in women with PCOS can be assessed by the AIP. A significant increase in atherogenicity was observed in patients with a BMI of 35 kg/m² or higher.
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spelling doaj-art-ec748871db3b4828a7b9ffbecd28fcac2025-08-20T03:46:04ZengBMCBMC Endocrine Disorders1472-68232025-07-012511910.1186/s12902-025-02008-wImpact of polycystic ovary syndrome on the atherogenic plasma index: A retrospective analysisHuseyin Demirci0Burak Menekse1Enes Ucgul2Yuksel Onaran3Seyit Murat Bayram4Erman Cakal5Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismAnkara Etlik City Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismAnkara Etlik City Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismAnkara Bilkent City Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyAnkara Etlik City Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismAnkara Etlik City Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismAbstract Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common metabolic disorder in women and is characterized by chronic oligomenorrhea and hyperandrogenism, often accompanied by insulin resistance. In women with PCOS, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, and impaired lipid metabolism contribute to an increased risk of atherogenesis. Methods Our study was conducted retrospectively on 347 women with PCOS and 132 healthy women who presented at our clinic. The impact of PCOS on the atherogenic plasma index (AIP) was assessed using multivariable linear regression analysis. Results The AIP was significantly greater in women with PCOS than in controls (p-value < 0.001). A marked increase in AIP was observed when the body mass index (BMI) was ≥ 35 kg/m² (p-value < 0.001). AIP was positively correlated with BMI (r = 0.174, p-value = 0.001) and the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) score (r = 0.294, p-value < 0.001). In the multivariable linear regression model including all participants, PCOS diagnosis (B = 0.146, 95% CI = 0.082–0.210; p-value < 0.001) and HOMA-IR (B = 0.017, 95% CI = 0.011–0.022; p-value < 0.001) independently predicted higher AIP. These findings identify PCOS and insulin resistance as independent risk factors for increased atherogenicity. Conclusions PCOS diagnosis and HOMA-IR are independent risk factors for increased atherogenicity. The increased atherogenic burden in women with PCOS can be assessed by the AIP. A significant increase in atherogenicity was observed in patients with a BMI of 35 kg/m² or higher.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-025-02008-wAtherosclerosisHyperandrogenismInsulin resistanceObesityPolycystic ovary syndrome
spellingShingle Huseyin Demirci
Burak Menekse
Enes Ucgul
Yuksel Onaran
Seyit Murat Bayram
Erman Cakal
Impact of polycystic ovary syndrome on the atherogenic plasma index: A retrospective analysis
BMC Endocrine Disorders
Atherosclerosis
Hyperandrogenism
Insulin resistance
Obesity
Polycystic ovary syndrome
title Impact of polycystic ovary syndrome on the atherogenic plasma index: A retrospective analysis
title_full Impact of polycystic ovary syndrome on the atherogenic plasma index: A retrospective analysis
title_fullStr Impact of polycystic ovary syndrome on the atherogenic plasma index: A retrospective analysis
title_full_unstemmed Impact of polycystic ovary syndrome on the atherogenic plasma index: A retrospective analysis
title_short Impact of polycystic ovary syndrome on the atherogenic plasma index: A retrospective analysis
title_sort impact of polycystic ovary syndrome on the atherogenic plasma index a retrospective analysis
topic Atherosclerosis
Hyperandrogenism
Insulin resistance
Obesity
Polycystic ovary syndrome
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-025-02008-w
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