Generating Rainfall IDF Curves Using IMD Reduction Formula and Choosing the Best Distribution for Babylon City, Iraq
ABSTRACT Intensity‐duration‐frequency (IDF) models are considered one of the most important tools used in water resources projects, as well as the design and planning of hydraulic structures such as sewerage channels, bridges, culverts, and road networks. This study aims to generate IDF curves for t...
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Wiley
2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13053 |
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| author | Sajad Khalil Al‐Jalili Haider M. Zwain Ali Mohsen Hayder |
| author_facet | Sajad Khalil Al‐Jalili Haider M. Zwain Ali Mohsen Hayder |
| author_sort | Sajad Khalil Al‐Jalili |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Intensity‐duration‐frequency (IDF) models are considered one of the most important tools used in water resources projects, as well as the design and planning of hydraulic structures such as sewerage channels, bridges, culverts, and road networks. This study aims to generate IDF curves for the Iraqi city of Babylon based on the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) empirical reduction formula and to choose the optimal distribution that gives the greatest rainfall intensity among the three distributions used in this research (generalized extreme value, Log‐Pearson type III, and Gumbel). This study examined daily rainfall data collected from the Iraqi Authority of Meteorology and Seismic Monitoring for a period of 32 years, from 1991 to 2022. The IMD reduction formula was used to calculate rainfall intensity for shorter durations (5, 10, 20, 30, 60, 120, 360, 720, and 1440 min) and custom return periods (2, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 years). To determine the goodness of fit for the data distributions, the Easy Fit 5.6 program was applied with three tests (the χ2 test, the Anderson–Darling test, and the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test). The results showed that all distributions were acceptable for both tests and all storm durations and that the rainfall intensity decreased with increasing duration of the rainstorm. It also showed that rainfall increases rainfall intensity during large return periods. Based on the criteria of AIC and BIC, the LP‐3 distribution was chosen as the best distribution to simulate rainfall in Babylon City using the IDM reduction formula. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ec70bc373f784a8d90d895c84b87d280 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2577-8196 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
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| spelling | doaj-art-ec70bc373f784a8d90d895c84b87d2802025-01-31T00:22:49ZengWileyEngineering Reports2577-81962025-01-0171n/an/a10.1002/eng2.13053Generating Rainfall IDF Curves Using IMD Reduction Formula and Choosing the Best Distribution for Babylon City, IraqSajad Khalil Al‐Jalili0Haider M. Zwain1Ali Mohsen Hayder2College of Engineering, Al‐Qasim Green University Babylon IraqWater Resources Management Engineering Department College of Engineering, Al‐Qasim Green University Babylon IraqDepartment of Structures and Water Resources, Faculty of Engineering University of Kufa Najaf IraqABSTRACT Intensity‐duration‐frequency (IDF) models are considered one of the most important tools used in water resources projects, as well as the design and planning of hydraulic structures such as sewerage channels, bridges, culverts, and road networks. This study aims to generate IDF curves for the Iraqi city of Babylon based on the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) empirical reduction formula and to choose the optimal distribution that gives the greatest rainfall intensity among the three distributions used in this research (generalized extreme value, Log‐Pearson type III, and Gumbel). This study examined daily rainfall data collected from the Iraqi Authority of Meteorology and Seismic Monitoring for a period of 32 years, from 1991 to 2022. The IMD reduction formula was used to calculate rainfall intensity for shorter durations (5, 10, 20, 30, 60, 120, 360, 720, and 1440 min) and custom return periods (2, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 years). To determine the goodness of fit for the data distributions, the Easy Fit 5.6 program was applied with three tests (the χ2 test, the Anderson–Darling test, and the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test). The results showed that all distributions were acceptable for both tests and all storm durations and that the rainfall intensity decreased with increasing duration of the rainstorm. It also showed that rainfall increases rainfall intensity during large return periods. Based on the criteria of AIC and BIC, the LP‐3 distribution was chosen as the best distribution to simulate rainfall in Babylon City using the IDM reduction formula.https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13053Babylon Citygoodness of fit testIndian meteorological department (IMD) empirical reduction formulaintensity‐duration‐frequency (IDF) curvesprobability distributionsrainfall |
| spellingShingle | Sajad Khalil Al‐Jalili Haider M. Zwain Ali Mohsen Hayder Generating Rainfall IDF Curves Using IMD Reduction Formula and Choosing the Best Distribution for Babylon City, Iraq Engineering Reports Babylon City goodness of fit test Indian meteorological department (IMD) empirical reduction formula intensity‐duration‐frequency (IDF) curves probability distributions rainfall |
| title | Generating Rainfall IDF Curves Using IMD Reduction Formula and Choosing the Best Distribution for Babylon City, Iraq |
| title_full | Generating Rainfall IDF Curves Using IMD Reduction Formula and Choosing the Best Distribution for Babylon City, Iraq |
| title_fullStr | Generating Rainfall IDF Curves Using IMD Reduction Formula and Choosing the Best Distribution for Babylon City, Iraq |
| title_full_unstemmed | Generating Rainfall IDF Curves Using IMD Reduction Formula and Choosing the Best Distribution for Babylon City, Iraq |
| title_short | Generating Rainfall IDF Curves Using IMD Reduction Formula and Choosing the Best Distribution for Babylon City, Iraq |
| title_sort | generating rainfall idf curves using imd reduction formula and choosing the best distribution for babylon city iraq |
| topic | Babylon City goodness of fit test Indian meteorological department (IMD) empirical reduction formula intensity‐duration‐frequency (IDF) curves probability distributions rainfall |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13053 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sajadkhalilaljalili generatingrainfallidfcurvesusingimdreductionformulaandchoosingthebestdistributionforbabyloncityiraq AT haidermzwain generatingrainfallidfcurvesusingimdreductionformulaandchoosingthebestdistributionforbabyloncityiraq AT alimohsenhayder generatingrainfallidfcurvesusingimdreductionformulaandchoosingthebestdistributionforbabyloncityiraq |