Fermented Deproteinized Alfalfa Juice Modified with Fly Ash Filtrate as an Alternative Nutrient Source for Winter Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.)
An alternative method of plant nutrition involves the utilization of different by-products. In this study, a combination of two by-products was applied to investigate this method: fermented deproteinized alfalfa juice (FDAJ), a by-product of alfalfa leaf protein production, and fly ash filtrate from...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| author | Péter Makleit Andrea Kovács Balláné Nóra Bákonyi Éva Domokos-Szabolcsy Gábor Miklós Fári Szilvia Veres |
| author_facet | Péter Makleit Andrea Kovács Balláné Nóra Bákonyi Éva Domokos-Szabolcsy Gábor Miklós Fári Szilvia Veres |
| author_sort | Péter Makleit |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | An alternative method of plant nutrition involves the utilization of different by-products. In this study, a combination of two by-products was applied to investigate this method: fermented deproteinized alfalfa juice (FDAJ), a by-product of alfalfa leaf protein production, and fly ash filtrate from a wood-fired power plant. A pot experiment was conducted with winter wheat in an open-sided greenhouse in sandy soil. The aim was to evaluate the efficacy and usability of the combination of these by-products (SFDAJ) for enhanced plant nutrition via spraying or irrigation. Prior to overwintering, photosynthetic pigments, relative chlorophyll content, specific leaf area, and shoot dry weight were measured. At full maturity, we determined morphological parameters, yield, and the element content of the grain. Significant differences were observed between treatments at full maturity. The application of SFDAJ resulted in 73.2% of the yield having the optimal nutrient supply. Compared to the treatment with no nutrients added, the application of SFDAJ increased yields by 260%. Our results show that SFDAJ alone is suitable for providing enhanced nutrient supply in soils with good nutrient supply or in extensive cultivation technology. When supplemented with fertilizer, it can be used on soils with low nutrient supply or in intensive cultivation technology. Based on our results of field applications of SFDAJ, the addition of 10 v v<sup>−1%</sup> FDAJ via irrigation is recommended. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ec1c82d9b92d4d95b54144b96affc232 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj-art-ec1c82d9b92d4d95b54144b96affc2322025-08-20T02:44:36ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952025-01-0115233910.3390/agronomy15020339Fermented Deproteinized Alfalfa Juice Modified with Fly Ash Filtrate as an Alternative Nutrient Source for Winter Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.)Péter Makleit0Andrea Kovács Balláné1Nóra Bákonyi2Éva Domokos-Szabolcsy3Gábor Miklós Fári4Szilvia Veres5Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, Institute of Crop Science, Department of Applied Plant Biology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, HungaryFaculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, Institute of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, HungaryFaculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, Institute of Crop Science, Department of Applied Plant Biology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, HungaryFaculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, Institute of Crop Science, Department of Applied Plant Biology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, HungaryFaculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, Institute of Crop Science, Department of Applied Plant Biology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, HungaryFaculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, Institute of Crop Science, Department of Applied Plant Biology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, HungaryAn alternative method of plant nutrition involves the utilization of different by-products. In this study, a combination of two by-products was applied to investigate this method: fermented deproteinized alfalfa juice (FDAJ), a by-product of alfalfa leaf protein production, and fly ash filtrate from a wood-fired power plant. A pot experiment was conducted with winter wheat in an open-sided greenhouse in sandy soil. The aim was to evaluate the efficacy and usability of the combination of these by-products (SFDAJ) for enhanced plant nutrition via spraying or irrigation. Prior to overwintering, photosynthetic pigments, relative chlorophyll content, specific leaf area, and shoot dry weight were measured. At full maturity, we determined morphological parameters, yield, and the element content of the grain. Significant differences were observed between treatments at full maturity. The application of SFDAJ resulted in 73.2% of the yield having the optimal nutrient supply. Compared to the treatment with no nutrients added, the application of SFDAJ increased yields by 260%. Our results show that SFDAJ alone is suitable for providing enhanced nutrient supply in soils with good nutrient supply or in extensive cultivation technology. When supplemented with fertilizer, it can be used on soils with low nutrient supply or in intensive cultivation technology. Based on our results of field applications of SFDAJ, the addition of 10 v v<sup>−1%</sup> FDAJ via irrigation is recommended.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/2/339deproteinized plant juicebrown juicefly ashby-product utilizationplant nutrition |
| spellingShingle | Péter Makleit Andrea Kovács Balláné Nóra Bákonyi Éva Domokos-Szabolcsy Gábor Miklós Fári Szilvia Veres Fermented Deproteinized Alfalfa Juice Modified with Fly Ash Filtrate as an Alternative Nutrient Source for Winter Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) Agronomy deproteinized plant juice brown juice fly ash by-product utilization plant nutrition |
| title | Fermented Deproteinized Alfalfa Juice Modified with Fly Ash Filtrate as an Alternative Nutrient Source for Winter Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) |
| title_full | Fermented Deproteinized Alfalfa Juice Modified with Fly Ash Filtrate as an Alternative Nutrient Source for Winter Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) |
| title_fullStr | Fermented Deproteinized Alfalfa Juice Modified with Fly Ash Filtrate as an Alternative Nutrient Source for Winter Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fermented Deproteinized Alfalfa Juice Modified with Fly Ash Filtrate as an Alternative Nutrient Source for Winter Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) |
| title_short | Fermented Deproteinized Alfalfa Juice Modified with Fly Ash Filtrate as an Alternative Nutrient Source for Winter Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) |
| title_sort | fermented deproteinized alfalfa juice modified with fly ash filtrate as an alternative nutrient source for winter wheat i triticum aestivum i l |
| topic | deproteinized plant juice brown juice fly ash by-product utilization plant nutrition |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/2/339 |
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