Hyperendemicity and genotype diversity of hepatitis B virus among patients attending the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a significant global public health issue, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, due to inadequate healthcare and research into its genetic epidemiology. This study aims to determine the frequency of HBV antigens, antibodies, and genotypes among feb...
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German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
2025-07-01
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| Series: | GMS Hygiene and Infection Control |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.publisso.de/en/journals/hic/volume20/dgkh000566 |
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| author | Ugwu, Chinwe Ndidi Dangana, Amos Suleiman Chunta, Hassan Akyala Adamu, Ishaku Miri, Nanpon Leviticus Dansura, Mangpin Samuel, Bwede Eugene Villeng Gagari, Felix Adeyemi Ojo, Johnson Gyang, Nyiri Miriam Uzoebo, Nkiruka Lynda Nanbol, Helen Daniel Nyinishu, Gabriel Bernice Barde, Aisha Daminso Abdullahi, Idris Nasir |
| author_facet | Ugwu, Chinwe Ndidi Dangana, Amos Suleiman Chunta, Hassan Akyala Adamu, Ishaku Miri, Nanpon Leviticus Dansura, Mangpin Samuel, Bwede Eugene Villeng Gagari, Felix Adeyemi Ojo, Johnson Gyang, Nyiri Miriam Uzoebo, Nkiruka Lynda Nanbol, Helen Daniel Nyinishu, Gabriel Bernice Barde, Aisha Daminso Abdullahi, Idris Nasir |
| author_sort | Ugwu, Chinwe Ndidi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a significant global public health issue, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, due to inadequate healthcare and research into its genetic epidemiology. This study aims to determine the frequency of HBV antigens, antibodies, and genotypes among febrile patients attending the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital (UATH), Nigeria.
Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 100 patients, whose blood samples were collected and screened for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and four other structural antigens and antibodies by Lateral Flow Assay. All HBsAg-positive samples were genotyped using type-specific polymerase chain reactions. Structured questionnaires were used to collate the sociodemographic variables of the patients.
Results: HBsAg-seropositivity was 31%. The distribution of HBV genotypes was as follows: genotype E was predominant (22.6%), followed by genotype B (16.1%). Of the HBsAg-positive individuals, all were HBsAb-seronegative, 3.2%, 74.2%, and 90.3% were HBeAg, HbeAb, and HBcAb seropositive, respectively. Genotypes B, C, and D were detected in 16.1%, 3.2%, and 3.2%, respectively. Based on the number of HBV genotypes per individual, 9.7% had a single genotype, 16.1% had double genotypes, and 74.2% had triple genotypes. Higher educational qualification was significantly associated with triple HBV genotypes per individual (p=0.04).
Conclusion: Very high seroprevalence of HBV was found and genotype E predominated. The presence of within-host multiple HBV genotypes was identified for the first time in Nigeria. This indicates the genetic heterogeneity of HBV in northern Nigeria and suggests potential effects on the control measures available. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ec0eae91d4794ca29a8faaa139214226 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2196-5226 |
| language | deu |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | German Medical Science GMS Publishing House |
| record_format | Article |
| series | GMS Hygiene and Infection Control |
| spelling | doaj-art-ec0eae91d4794ca29a8faaa1392142262025-08-20T03:55:53ZdeuGerman Medical Science GMS Publishing HouseGMS Hygiene and Infection Control2196-52262025-07-0120Doc3710.3205/dgkh000566Hyperendemicity and genotype diversity of hepatitis B virus among patients attending the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, NigeriaUgwu, Chinwe Ndidi0https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6910-8665Dangana, Amos1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9955-3841Suleiman Chunta, Hassan2Akyala Adamu, Ishaku3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4168-6104Miri, Nanpon4Leviticus Dansura, Mangpin5https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1965-5046Samuel, Bwede Eugene6https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8690-4850Villeng Gagari, Felix7https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0460-3888Adeyemi Ojo, Johnson8Gyang, Nyiri Miriam9https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0560-8560Uzoebo, Nkiruka Lynda10https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8001-1444Nanbol, Helen Daniel11Nyinishu, Gabriel Bernice12Barde, Aisha Daminso13Abdullahi, Idris Nasir14https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5511-1272Biorepository Laboratory, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Abuja, NigeriaNational Reference Laboratory, Nigeria Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Abuja, NigeriaGlobal Health and Infectious Diseases Control Institute, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, NigeriaGlobal Health and Infectious Diseases Control Institute, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, NigeriaNational Reference Laboratory, Nigeria Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Abuja, NigeriaNational Reference Laboratory, Nigeria Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Abuja, NigeriaNational Reference Laboratory, Nigeria Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Abuja, NigeriaNational Reference Laboratory, Nigeria Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Abuja, NigeriaNational Reference Laboratory, Nigeria Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Abuja, NigeriaMega Laboratory, Nigeria Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Abuja, NigeriaNational Reference Laboratory, Nigeria Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Abuja, NigeriaSchool of Medical Laboratory Science, Plateau State College of Health Technology, Pankshin, NigeriaSherrif Integrated Healthcare Limited, Abuja, NigeriaMega Laboratory, Nigeria Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Abuja, NigeriaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, NigeriaBackground: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a significant global public health issue, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, due to inadequate healthcare and research into its genetic epidemiology. This study aims to determine the frequency of HBV antigens, antibodies, and genotypes among febrile patients attending the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital (UATH), Nigeria. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 100 patients, whose blood samples were collected and screened for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and four other structural antigens and antibodies by Lateral Flow Assay. All HBsAg-positive samples were genotyped using type-specific polymerase chain reactions. Structured questionnaires were used to collate the sociodemographic variables of the patients. Results: HBsAg-seropositivity was 31%. The distribution of HBV genotypes was as follows: genotype E was predominant (22.6%), followed by genotype B (16.1%). Of the HBsAg-positive individuals, all were HBsAb-seronegative, 3.2%, 74.2%, and 90.3% were HBeAg, HbeAb, and HBcAb seropositive, respectively. Genotypes B, C, and D were detected in 16.1%, 3.2%, and 3.2%, respectively. Based on the number of HBV genotypes per individual, 9.7% had a single genotype, 16.1% had double genotypes, and 74.2% had triple genotypes. Higher educational qualification was significantly associated with triple HBV genotypes per individual (p=0.04). Conclusion: Very high seroprevalence of HBV was found and genotype E predominated. The presence of within-host multiple HBV genotypes was identified for the first time in Nigeria. This indicates the genetic heterogeneity of HBV in northern Nigeria and suggests potential effects on the control measures available.https://journals.publisso.de/en/journals/hic/volume20/dgkh000566hbsaghbv genotypeendemicitynigeria |
| spellingShingle | Ugwu, Chinwe Ndidi Dangana, Amos Suleiman Chunta, Hassan Akyala Adamu, Ishaku Miri, Nanpon Leviticus Dansura, Mangpin Samuel, Bwede Eugene Villeng Gagari, Felix Adeyemi Ojo, Johnson Gyang, Nyiri Miriam Uzoebo, Nkiruka Lynda Nanbol, Helen Daniel Nyinishu, Gabriel Bernice Barde, Aisha Daminso Abdullahi, Idris Nasir Hyperendemicity and genotype diversity of hepatitis B virus among patients attending the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Nigeria GMS Hygiene and Infection Control hbsag hbv genotype endemicity nigeria |
| title | Hyperendemicity and genotype diversity of hepatitis B virus among patients attending the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Nigeria |
| title_full | Hyperendemicity and genotype diversity of hepatitis B virus among patients attending the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Nigeria |
| title_fullStr | Hyperendemicity and genotype diversity of hepatitis B virus among patients attending the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Nigeria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hyperendemicity and genotype diversity of hepatitis B virus among patients attending the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Nigeria |
| title_short | Hyperendemicity and genotype diversity of hepatitis B virus among patients attending the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Nigeria |
| title_sort | hyperendemicity and genotype diversity of hepatitis b virus among patients attending the university of abuja teaching hospital nigeria |
| topic | hbsag hbv genotype endemicity nigeria |
| url | https://journals.publisso.de/en/journals/hic/volume20/dgkh000566 |
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