Utilization of Mill Scale Waste as Natural Fine Aggregate Replacement in Mortar: Evaluation of Physical, Mechanical, Durability, and Post-Fire Properties

The current paper presents the findings from experiments focused on using mill scale waste (MSW) as a natural fine aggregate (NFA) replacement in making cement mortar, aiming to recycle this material. Mortars were prepared by mixing with ordinary Portland cement, NFA, and water. NFA was replaced wit...

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Main Authors: Apinun Siriwattanakarn, Ampol Wongsa, Nawapak Eua-Anant, Vanchai Sata, Piti Sukontasukkul, Prinya Chindaprasirt
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Recycling
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2313-4321/10/1/20
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author Apinun Siriwattanakarn
Ampol Wongsa
Nawapak Eua-Anant
Vanchai Sata
Piti Sukontasukkul
Prinya Chindaprasirt
author_facet Apinun Siriwattanakarn
Ampol Wongsa
Nawapak Eua-Anant
Vanchai Sata
Piti Sukontasukkul
Prinya Chindaprasirt
author_sort Apinun Siriwattanakarn
collection DOAJ
description The current paper presents the findings from experiments focused on using mill scale waste (MSW) as a natural fine aggregate (NFA) replacement in making cement mortar, aiming to recycle this material. Mortars were prepared by mixing with ordinary Portland cement, NFA, and water. NFA was replaced with 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%vol of MSW. The physical and mechanical properties of mortars including compressive and flexural strengths, density, porosity, water absorption, ultrasonic pulse velocity, thermal conductivity, durability properties, and characteristics after being subjected to elevated temperatures at 400, 700, and 1000 °C were investigated after 28 days of curing. The results showed that 15% MSW exhibited optimum compressive and flexural strengths. Also, the MSW mortar showed reduced workability and thermal conductivity, while the porosity slightly increased. The addition of MSW enhanced chloride resistance and mortar’s residual compressive strength after exposure to various temperatures. These findings confirmed that MSW can be used as a sustainable fine aggregate to produce mortar with optimum physical, mechanical, durability, and post-fire properties.
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institution DOAJ
issn 2313-4321
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher MDPI AG
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series Recycling
spelling doaj-art-ec0276e310b6480488a166852d8e072a2025-08-20T02:44:39ZengMDPI AGRecycling2313-43212025-02-011012010.3390/recycling10010020Utilization of Mill Scale Waste as Natural Fine Aggregate Replacement in Mortar: Evaluation of Physical, Mechanical, Durability, and Post-Fire PropertiesApinun Siriwattanakarn0Ampol Wongsa1Nawapak Eua-Anant2Vanchai Sata3Piti Sukontasukkul4Prinya Chindaprasirt5Sustainable Infrastructure Research and Development Center, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandSustainable Infrastructure Research and Development Center, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandDepartment of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandSustainable Infrastructure Research and Development Center, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandConstruction and Building Materials Research Center, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangsue, Bangkok 10800, ThailandSustainable Infrastructure Research and Development Center, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, ThailandThe current paper presents the findings from experiments focused on using mill scale waste (MSW) as a natural fine aggregate (NFA) replacement in making cement mortar, aiming to recycle this material. Mortars were prepared by mixing with ordinary Portland cement, NFA, and water. NFA was replaced with 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%vol of MSW. The physical and mechanical properties of mortars including compressive and flexural strengths, density, porosity, water absorption, ultrasonic pulse velocity, thermal conductivity, durability properties, and characteristics after being subjected to elevated temperatures at 400, 700, and 1000 °C were investigated after 28 days of curing. The results showed that 15% MSW exhibited optimum compressive and flexural strengths. Also, the MSW mortar showed reduced workability and thermal conductivity, while the porosity slightly increased. The addition of MSW enhanced chloride resistance and mortar’s residual compressive strength after exposure to various temperatures. These findings confirmed that MSW can be used as a sustainable fine aggregate to produce mortar with optimum physical, mechanical, durability, and post-fire properties.https://www.mdpi.com/2313-4321/10/1/20mill scalewastemortarcorrosionfire-exposed
spellingShingle Apinun Siriwattanakarn
Ampol Wongsa
Nawapak Eua-Anant
Vanchai Sata
Piti Sukontasukkul
Prinya Chindaprasirt
Utilization of Mill Scale Waste as Natural Fine Aggregate Replacement in Mortar: Evaluation of Physical, Mechanical, Durability, and Post-Fire Properties
Recycling
mill scale
waste
mortar
corrosion
fire-exposed
title Utilization of Mill Scale Waste as Natural Fine Aggregate Replacement in Mortar: Evaluation of Physical, Mechanical, Durability, and Post-Fire Properties
title_full Utilization of Mill Scale Waste as Natural Fine Aggregate Replacement in Mortar: Evaluation of Physical, Mechanical, Durability, and Post-Fire Properties
title_fullStr Utilization of Mill Scale Waste as Natural Fine Aggregate Replacement in Mortar: Evaluation of Physical, Mechanical, Durability, and Post-Fire Properties
title_full_unstemmed Utilization of Mill Scale Waste as Natural Fine Aggregate Replacement in Mortar: Evaluation of Physical, Mechanical, Durability, and Post-Fire Properties
title_short Utilization of Mill Scale Waste as Natural Fine Aggregate Replacement in Mortar: Evaluation of Physical, Mechanical, Durability, and Post-Fire Properties
title_sort utilization of mill scale waste as natural fine aggregate replacement in mortar evaluation of physical mechanical durability and post fire properties
topic mill scale
waste
mortar
corrosion
fire-exposed
url https://www.mdpi.com/2313-4321/10/1/20
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