Metalloproteinases and Their Tissue Inhibitors in Comparison between Different Chronic Pneumopathies in the Horse

In chronic respiratory disease, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) contribute to pathological tissue destruction when expressed in excess, while tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) counteract MMPs with overexpression leading to fibrosis formation. They may be out of balance in equine pneum...

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Main Authors: Ann Kristin Barton, Tarek Shety, Angelika Bondzio, Ralf Einspanier, Heidrun Gehlen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2015-01-01
Series:Mediators of Inflammation
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/569512
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author Ann Kristin Barton
Tarek Shety
Angelika Bondzio
Ralf Einspanier
Heidrun Gehlen
author_facet Ann Kristin Barton
Tarek Shety
Angelika Bondzio
Ralf Einspanier
Heidrun Gehlen
author_sort Ann Kristin Barton
collection DOAJ
description In chronic respiratory disease, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) contribute to pathological tissue destruction when expressed in excess, while tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) counteract MMPs with overexpression leading to fibrosis formation. They may be out of balance in equine pneumopathies and serve as biomarkers of pulmonary inflammation. We hypothesized that MMPs and TIMPs correlate to clinical findings and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytology in different equine chronic pneumopathies. Using a scoring system, 61 horses were classified controls as free of respiratory disease (n=15), recurrent airway obstruction (RAO, n=17), inflammatory airway disease (IAD, n=18), or chronic interstitial pneumopathy (CIP, n=11). Zymography and equine MMP and TIMP assays were used to detect MMP-2, MMP-8, MMP-9 as well as TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 in BALF supernatant. MMP-2, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 concentrations were significantly increased in RAO and IAD compared to controls. MMP-9 concentration and MMP-8 activity evaluated by fluorimetry were significantly increased in RAO, IAD, and CIP. These results were confirmed by zymography for MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity in 52 horses. In conclusion, MMPs and TIMPs correlate well with clinical and cytologic findings. These findings support the usefulness of MMPs, TIMPs, and their ratios to evaluate the severity of respiratory disease and may help to identify subclinical cases.
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spelling doaj-art-ebfd52c2d3d1451eb796121bd118e4ac2025-08-20T02:21:47ZengWileyMediators of Inflammation0962-93511466-18612015-01-01201510.1155/2015/569512569512Metalloproteinases and Their Tissue Inhibitors in Comparison between Different Chronic Pneumopathies in the HorseAnn Kristin Barton0Tarek Shety1Angelika Bondzio2Ralf Einspanier3Heidrun Gehlen4Equine Clinic, Veterinary Faculty, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, GermanyEquine Clinic, Veterinary Faculty, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, GermanyInstitute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Veterinary Faculty, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, GermanyInstitute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Veterinary Faculty, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, GermanyEquine Clinic, Veterinary Faculty, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, GermanyIn chronic respiratory disease, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) contribute to pathological tissue destruction when expressed in excess, while tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) counteract MMPs with overexpression leading to fibrosis formation. They may be out of balance in equine pneumopathies and serve as biomarkers of pulmonary inflammation. We hypothesized that MMPs and TIMPs correlate to clinical findings and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytology in different equine chronic pneumopathies. Using a scoring system, 61 horses were classified controls as free of respiratory disease (n=15), recurrent airway obstruction (RAO, n=17), inflammatory airway disease (IAD, n=18), or chronic interstitial pneumopathy (CIP, n=11). Zymography and equine MMP and TIMP assays were used to detect MMP-2, MMP-8, MMP-9 as well as TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 in BALF supernatant. MMP-2, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 concentrations were significantly increased in RAO and IAD compared to controls. MMP-9 concentration and MMP-8 activity evaluated by fluorimetry were significantly increased in RAO, IAD, and CIP. These results were confirmed by zymography for MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity in 52 horses. In conclusion, MMPs and TIMPs correlate well with clinical and cytologic findings. These findings support the usefulness of MMPs, TIMPs, and their ratios to evaluate the severity of respiratory disease and may help to identify subclinical cases.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/569512
spellingShingle Ann Kristin Barton
Tarek Shety
Angelika Bondzio
Ralf Einspanier
Heidrun Gehlen
Metalloproteinases and Their Tissue Inhibitors in Comparison between Different Chronic Pneumopathies in the Horse
Mediators of Inflammation
title Metalloproteinases and Their Tissue Inhibitors in Comparison between Different Chronic Pneumopathies in the Horse
title_full Metalloproteinases and Their Tissue Inhibitors in Comparison between Different Chronic Pneumopathies in the Horse
title_fullStr Metalloproteinases and Their Tissue Inhibitors in Comparison between Different Chronic Pneumopathies in the Horse
title_full_unstemmed Metalloproteinases and Their Tissue Inhibitors in Comparison between Different Chronic Pneumopathies in the Horse
title_short Metalloproteinases and Their Tissue Inhibitors in Comparison between Different Chronic Pneumopathies in the Horse
title_sort metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in comparison between different chronic pneumopathies in the horse
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/569512
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