The Role of Microglia in Diabetic Retinopathy

There is growing evidence that chronic inflammation plays a role in both the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy. There is also evidence that molecules produced as a result of hyperglycemia can activate microglia. However the exact contribution of microglia, the resident immune cells...

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Main Authors: Jeffery G. Grigsby, Sandra M. Cardona, Cindy E. Pouw, Alberto Muniz, Andrew S. Mendiola, Andrew T. C. Tsin, Donald M. Allen, Astrid E. Cardona
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2014-01-01
Series:Journal of Ophthalmology
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/705783
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author Jeffery G. Grigsby
Sandra M. Cardona
Cindy E. Pouw
Alberto Muniz
Andrew S. Mendiola
Andrew T. C. Tsin
Donald M. Allen
Astrid E. Cardona
author_facet Jeffery G. Grigsby
Sandra M. Cardona
Cindy E. Pouw
Alberto Muniz
Andrew S. Mendiola
Andrew T. C. Tsin
Donald M. Allen
Astrid E. Cardona
author_sort Jeffery G. Grigsby
collection DOAJ
description There is growing evidence that chronic inflammation plays a role in both the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy. There is also evidence that molecules produced as a result of hyperglycemia can activate microglia. However the exact contribution of microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, to retinal tissue damage during diabetes remains unclear. Current data suggest that dysregulated microglial responses are linked to their deleterious effects in several neurological diseases associated with chronic inflammation. As inflammatory cytokines and hyperglycemia disseminate through the diabetic retina, microglia can change to an activated state, increase in number, translocate through the retina, and themselves become the producers of inflammatory and apoptotic molecules or alternatively exert anti-inflammatory effects. In addition, microglial genetic variations may account for some of the individual differences commonly seen in patient’s susceptibility to diabetic retinopathy.
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series Journal of Ophthalmology
spelling doaj-art-ebe91c0bc35e4828a123a661bb0005072025-08-20T03:21:18ZengWileyJournal of Ophthalmology2090-004X2090-00582014-01-01201410.1155/2014/705783705783The Role of Microglia in Diabetic RetinopathyJeffery G. Grigsby0Sandra M. Cardona1Cindy E. Pouw2Alberto Muniz3Andrew S. Mendiola4Andrew T. C. Tsin5Donald M. Allen6Astrid E. Cardona7Vision Health Specialties, 4109 N. Midland Drive, Midland, TX 79707, USADepartment of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USACollege of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USADepartment of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USADepartment of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USADepartment of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USADepartment of Biology, The University of Texas of the Permian Basin, Odessa, TX 79762, USADepartment of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USAThere is growing evidence that chronic inflammation plays a role in both the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy. There is also evidence that molecules produced as a result of hyperglycemia can activate microglia. However the exact contribution of microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, to retinal tissue damage during diabetes remains unclear. Current data suggest that dysregulated microglial responses are linked to their deleterious effects in several neurological diseases associated with chronic inflammation. As inflammatory cytokines and hyperglycemia disseminate through the diabetic retina, microglia can change to an activated state, increase in number, translocate through the retina, and themselves become the producers of inflammatory and apoptotic molecules or alternatively exert anti-inflammatory effects. In addition, microglial genetic variations may account for some of the individual differences commonly seen in patient’s susceptibility to diabetic retinopathy.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/705783
spellingShingle Jeffery G. Grigsby
Sandra M. Cardona
Cindy E. Pouw
Alberto Muniz
Andrew S. Mendiola
Andrew T. C. Tsin
Donald M. Allen
Astrid E. Cardona
The Role of Microglia in Diabetic Retinopathy
Journal of Ophthalmology
title The Role of Microglia in Diabetic Retinopathy
title_full The Role of Microglia in Diabetic Retinopathy
title_fullStr The Role of Microglia in Diabetic Retinopathy
title_full_unstemmed The Role of Microglia in Diabetic Retinopathy
title_short The Role of Microglia in Diabetic Retinopathy
title_sort role of microglia in diabetic retinopathy
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/705783
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