Primary Cutaneous Nocardiosis (Lymphangitic Type) in an Immunocompetent Patient: A Case Report

Cutaneous nocardiosis is an uncommon bacterial infection caused by <i>Nocardia</i> spp.; <i>Nocardia brasiliensis</i> is the agent involved in most cases. This infection is acquired through the direct traumatic inoculation of soil, plants, or other substrates where the bacter...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hilayali Aguilar-Molina, Sonia Toussaint-Caire, Roberto Arenas, Juan Xicohtencatl-Cortes, Luary C. Martínez-Chavarría, Rigoberto Hernández-Castro, Carmen Rodriguez-Cerdeira
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Microorganisms
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/5/1022
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849711529626173440
author Hilayali Aguilar-Molina
Sonia Toussaint-Caire
Roberto Arenas
Juan Xicohtencatl-Cortes
Luary C. Martínez-Chavarría
Rigoberto Hernández-Castro
Carmen Rodriguez-Cerdeira
author_facet Hilayali Aguilar-Molina
Sonia Toussaint-Caire
Roberto Arenas
Juan Xicohtencatl-Cortes
Luary C. Martínez-Chavarría
Rigoberto Hernández-Castro
Carmen Rodriguez-Cerdeira
author_sort Hilayali Aguilar-Molina
collection DOAJ
description Cutaneous nocardiosis is an uncommon bacterial infection caused by <i>Nocardia</i> spp.; <i>Nocardia brasiliensis</i> is the agent involved in most cases. This infection is acquired through the direct traumatic inoculation of soil, plants, or other substrates where the bacteria are found. Clinically, it usually manifests as an erythematous ulcerated nodule. In one-third of cases, nodules or gummas are distributed over the lymphatic pathways that resemble lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis. Its manifestations vary and can present acutely or more frequently with a latent clinical picture over time. Diagnosis is established mainly by Gram staining, biopsy, exudate culture, and molecular biology. <i>Nocardia</i> infections can recur, implying that antimicrobial therapy must be prolonged (between 6 and 12 months) and involve monitoring patients for at least 6 months after the end of treatment. Early diagnosis and targeted treatment may reduce patient mortality rates. We report the case of an 82-year-old woman who presented with four nodules with a lymphangitic spread on her left hand and forearm, one week after the trauma. Molecular identification was performed using 16S rDNA gene sequencing, and <i>Nocardia brasiliensis</i> was identified.
format Article
id doaj-art-ebccd126b16d4aaf80e02f98ffbd78f9
institution DOAJ
issn 2076-2607
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Microorganisms
spelling doaj-art-ebccd126b16d4aaf80e02f98ffbd78f92025-08-20T03:14:36ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072025-04-01135102210.3390/microorganisms13051022Primary Cutaneous Nocardiosis (Lymphangitic Type) in an Immunocompetent Patient: A Case ReportHilayali Aguilar-Molina0Sonia Toussaint-Caire1Roberto Arenas2Juan Xicohtencatl-Cortes3Luary C. Martínez-Chavarría4Rigoberto Hernández-Castro5Carmen Rodriguez-Cerdeira6Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea González”, Tlalpan, Ciudad de Mexico 14080, MexicoServicio de Dermatopatología, Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea González”, Tlalpan, Ciudad de Mexico 14080, MexicoSección de Micología, Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea González”, Tlalpan, Ciudad de Mexico 14080, MexicoLaboratorio de Bacteriología Intestinal, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Dr. Federico Gómez, Cuauhtémoc, Ciudad de Mexico 06720, MexicoDepartamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Coyoacán, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, MexicoDepartamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea González”, Tlalpan, Ciudad de Mexico 14080, MexicoFundación Vithas, Grupo Hospitalario Vithas, 28043 Madrid, SpainCutaneous nocardiosis is an uncommon bacterial infection caused by <i>Nocardia</i> spp.; <i>Nocardia brasiliensis</i> is the agent involved in most cases. This infection is acquired through the direct traumatic inoculation of soil, plants, or other substrates where the bacteria are found. Clinically, it usually manifests as an erythematous ulcerated nodule. In one-third of cases, nodules or gummas are distributed over the lymphatic pathways that resemble lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis. Its manifestations vary and can present acutely or more frequently with a latent clinical picture over time. Diagnosis is established mainly by Gram staining, biopsy, exudate culture, and molecular biology. <i>Nocardia</i> infections can recur, implying that antimicrobial therapy must be prolonged (between 6 and 12 months) and involve monitoring patients for at least 6 months after the end of treatment. Early diagnosis and targeted treatment may reduce patient mortality rates. We report the case of an 82-year-old woman who presented with four nodules with a lymphangitic spread on her left hand and forearm, one week after the trauma. Molecular identification was performed using 16S rDNA gene sequencing, and <i>Nocardia brasiliensis</i> was identified.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/5/1022nocardiosis<i>Nocardia brasiliensis</i>lymphangitic typeimmunocompetent patient16S ribosomal rDNAtreatment
spellingShingle Hilayali Aguilar-Molina
Sonia Toussaint-Caire
Roberto Arenas
Juan Xicohtencatl-Cortes
Luary C. Martínez-Chavarría
Rigoberto Hernández-Castro
Carmen Rodriguez-Cerdeira
Primary Cutaneous Nocardiosis (Lymphangitic Type) in an Immunocompetent Patient: A Case Report
Microorganisms
nocardiosis
<i>Nocardia brasiliensis</i>
lymphangitic type
immunocompetent patient
16S ribosomal rDNA
treatment
title Primary Cutaneous Nocardiosis (Lymphangitic Type) in an Immunocompetent Patient: A Case Report
title_full Primary Cutaneous Nocardiosis (Lymphangitic Type) in an Immunocompetent Patient: A Case Report
title_fullStr Primary Cutaneous Nocardiosis (Lymphangitic Type) in an Immunocompetent Patient: A Case Report
title_full_unstemmed Primary Cutaneous Nocardiosis (Lymphangitic Type) in an Immunocompetent Patient: A Case Report
title_short Primary Cutaneous Nocardiosis (Lymphangitic Type) in an Immunocompetent Patient: A Case Report
title_sort primary cutaneous nocardiosis lymphangitic type in an immunocompetent patient a case report
topic nocardiosis
<i>Nocardia brasiliensis</i>
lymphangitic type
immunocompetent patient
16S ribosomal rDNA
treatment
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/5/1022
work_keys_str_mv AT hilayaliaguilarmolina primarycutaneousnocardiosislymphangitictypeinanimmunocompetentpatientacasereport
AT soniatoussaintcaire primarycutaneousnocardiosislymphangitictypeinanimmunocompetentpatientacasereport
AT robertoarenas primarycutaneousnocardiosislymphangitictypeinanimmunocompetentpatientacasereport
AT juanxicohtencatlcortes primarycutaneousnocardiosislymphangitictypeinanimmunocompetentpatientacasereport
AT luarycmartinezchavarria primarycutaneousnocardiosislymphangitictypeinanimmunocompetentpatientacasereport
AT rigobertohernandezcastro primarycutaneousnocardiosislymphangitictypeinanimmunocompetentpatientacasereport
AT carmenrodriguezcerdeira primarycutaneousnocardiosislymphangitictypeinanimmunocompetentpatientacasereport