Numerical Study on Flow Field Optimization and Wear Mitigation Strategies for 600 MW Pulverized Coal Boilers

To compensate for the instability of renewable energy sources during China’s energy transition, large thermal power plants must provide critical operational flexibility, primarily through deep peaking. To investigate the combustion performance and wear and tear of a 600 MW pulverized coal boiler und...

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Main Authors: Lijun Sun, Miao Wang, Peian Chong, Yunhao Shao, Lei Deng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Energies
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/15/3947
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author Lijun Sun
Miao Wang
Peian Chong
Yunhao Shao
Lei Deng
author_facet Lijun Sun
Miao Wang
Peian Chong
Yunhao Shao
Lei Deng
author_sort Lijun Sun
collection DOAJ
description To compensate for the instability of renewable energy sources during China’s energy transition, large thermal power plants must provide critical operational flexibility, primarily through deep peaking. To investigate the combustion performance and wear and tear of a 600 MW pulverized coal boiler under deep peaking, the gas–solid flow characteristics and distributions of flue gas temperature, wall heat flux, and wall wear rate in a 600 MW tangentially fired pulverized coal boiler under variable loads (353 MW, 431 MW, 519 MW, and 600 MW) are investigated in this study employing computational fluid dynamics numerical simulation method. Results demonstrate that increasing the boiler load significantly amplifies gas velocity, wall heat flux, and wall wear rate. The maximum gas velocity in the furnace rises from 20.9 m·s<sup>−1</sup> (353 MW) to 37.6 m·s<sup>−1</sup> (600 MW), with tangential airflow forming a low-velocity central zone and high-velocity peripheral regions. Meanwhile, the tangential circle diameter expands by ~15% as the load increases. The flue gas temperature distribution exhibits a “low-high-low” profile along the furnace height. As the load increases from 353 MW to 600 MW, the primary combustion zone’s peak temperature rises from 1750 K to 1980 K, accompanied by a ~30% expansion in the coverage area of the high-temperature zone. Wall heat flux correlates strongly with temperature distribution, peaking at 2.29 × 10<sup>5</sup> W·m<sup>−2</sup> (353 MW) and 2.75 × 10<sup>5</sup> W·m<sup>−2</sup> (600 MW) in the primary combustion zone. Wear analysis highlights severe erosion in the economizer due to elevated flue gas velocities, with wall wear rates escalating from 3.29 × 10<sup>−7</sup> kg·m<sup>−2</sup>·s<sup>−1</sup> (353 MW) to 1.23 × 10<sup>−5</sup> kg·m<sup>−2</sup>·s<sup>−1</sup> (600 MW), representing a 40-fold increase under full-load conditions. Mitigation strategies, including ash removal optimization, anti-wear covers, and thermal spray coatings, are proposed to enhance operational safety. This work provides critical insights into flow field optimization and wear management for large-scale coal-fired boilers under flexible load operation.
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spelling doaj-art-ebc35d847d5d406eb135af6f4c3eed302025-08-20T03:35:58ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732025-07-011815394710.3390/en18153947Numerical Study on Flow Field Optimization and Wear Mitigation Strategies for 600 MW Pulverized Coal BoilersLijun Sun0Miao Wang1Peian Chong2Yunhao Shao3Lei Deng4Huayuan Power Plant, State Grid Energy Hami Coal and Power Co., Ltd., Hami 839000, ChinaHuayuan Power Plant, State Grid Energy Hami Coal and Power Co., Ltd., Hami 839000, ChinaShanghai Power Equipment Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200240, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaTo compensate for the instability of renewable energy sources during China’s energy transition, large thermal power plants must provide critical operational flexibility, primarily through deep peaking. To investigate the combustion performance and wear and tear of a 600 MW pulverized coal boiler under deep peaking, the gas–solid flow characteristics and distributions of flue gas temperature, wall heat flux, and wall wear rate in a 600 MW tangentially fired pulverized coal boiler under variable loads (353 MW, 431 MW, 519 MW, and 600 MW) are investigated in this study employing computational fluid dynamics numerical simulation method. Results demonstrate that increasing the boiler load significantly amplifies gas velocity, wall heat flux, and wall wear rate. The maximum gas velocity in the furnace rises from 20.9 m·s<sup>−1</sup> (353 MW) to 37.6 m·s<sup>−1</sup> (600 MW), with tangential airflow forming a low-velocity central zone and high-velocity peripheral regions. Meanwhile, the tangential circle diameter expands by ~15% as the load increases. The flue gas temperature distribution exhibits a “low-high-low” profile along the furnace height. As the load increases from 353 MW to 600 MW, the primary combustion zone’s peak temperature rises from 1750 K to 1980 K, accompanied by a ~30% expansion in the coverage area of the high-temperature zone. Wall heat flux correlates strongly with temperature distribution, peaking at 2.29 × 10<sup>5</sup> W·m<sup>−2</sup> (353 MW) and 2.75 × 10<sup>5</sup> W·m<sup>−2</sup> (600 MW) in the primary combustion zone. Wear analysis highlights severe erosion in the economizer due to elevated flue gas velocities, with wall wear rates escalating from 3.29 × 10<sup>−7</sup> kg·m<sup>−2</sup>·s<sup>−1</sup> (353 MW) to 1.23 × 10<sup>−5</sup> kg·m<sup>−2</sup>·s<sup>−1</sup> (600 MW), representing a 40-fold increase under full-load conditions. Mitigation strategies, including ash removal optimization, anti-wear covers, and thermal spray coatings, are proposed to enhance operational safety. This work provides critical insights into flow field optimization and wear management for large-scale coal-fired boilers under flexible load operation.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/15/3947tangentially coal-fired boilercomputational fluid dynamicsnumerical simulationwall heat fluxwear
spellingShingle Lijun Sun
Miao Wang
Peian Chong
Yunhao Shao
Lei Deng
Numerical Study on Flow Field Optimization and Wear Mitigation Strategies for 600 MW Pulverized Coal Boilers
Energies
tangentially coal-fired boiler
computational fluid dynamics
numerical simulation
wall heat flux
wear
title Numerical Study on Flow Field Optimization and Wear Mitigation Strategies for 600 MW Pulverized Coal Boilers
title_full Numerical Study on Flow Field Optimization and Wear Mitigation Strategies for 600 MW Pulverized Coal Boilers
title_fullStr Numerical Study on Flow Field Optimization and Wear Mitigation Strategies for 600 MW Pulverized Coal Boilers
title_full_unstemmed Numerical Study on Flow Field Optimization and Wear Mitigation Strategies for 600 MW Pulverized Coal Boilers
title_short Numerical Study on Flow Field Optimization and Wear Mitigation Strategies for 600 MW Pulverized Coal Boilers
title_sort numerical study on flow field optimization and wear mitigation strategies for 600 mw pulverized coal boilers
topic tangentially coal-fired boiler
computational fluid dynamics
numerical simulation
wall heat flux
wear
url https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/15/3947
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AT peianchong numericalstudyonflowfieldoptimizationandwearmitigationstrategiesfor600mwpulverizedcoalboilers
AT yunhaoshao numericalstudyonflowfieldoptimizationandwearmitigationstrategiesfor600mwpulverizedcoalboilers
AT leideng numericalstudyonflowfieldoptimizationandwearmitigationstrategiesfor600mwpulverizedcoalboilers